北京市延庆县高考英语暑假阅读理解选练（7） (2).doc

北京市延庆县2016高考英语暑假阅读理解选练（7）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。a recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the african elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) species. the discovery was made by researchers at york and harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephantsthe asian elephant, african forest elephant, and african savanna elephant. once they obtained dna sequences (序列) from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with dna from modern elephants. they found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as asian elephants and mammoths. the scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the african savanna elephant and the african forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. the divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of asian elephants and woolly mammoths. this result amazed all the scientists. there has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species. previously, many naturalists believed that african savanna elephants and african forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants significant size differences. the savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3. 5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2. 5 metres. the savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. but the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. however the proof lay in the analysis of the dna. alfred roca, assistant professor in the department of animal sciences at the university of illinois, said, “we now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. since 1950, all african elephants have been conserved as one species. now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”1. one of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of.a. the asian elephantb. the forest elephantc. the savanna elephantd. the mastodon elephant2. the underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4 means “.aa. evolutionb. exhibitionc. separationd. examination3. the researchers conclusion was based on a study of the african elephants.a. dnab. heightc. weightd. population4. what are alfred rocas words mainly about? a. the conservation of african elephants.b. the purpose of studying african elephants.c. the way to divide african elephants into two units.d. the reason for the distinction of african elephants.5. which of the following can be the best title for the passage? a. naturalists beliefs about elephantsb. amazing experiments about elephantsc. an unexpected finding about elephantsd. a long scientific debate about elephants参考答案1-5 dcaac【2013界广东省深圳市一模】at railway stations all across britain next week, groups of students will gather with their backpacks to wait for the trains that will carry them home for christmas. this is as large a movement of human beings as before, but with more contradictory traffic flows, so that trains filled with the young pass each other travelling in every direction.at first, i went home every weekend with my washing, but then those visits became less regular. how did i let my parents know i was coming? they had no phone. perhaps i wrote to them (expect me with dirty shirts this friday afternoon), but more likely i didnt let them know, and just turned up or didnt turn up, not understanding that my parents dashed hopes of seeing me were a greater casualty of my carelessness than a spoiled tea. and in all this i suspect i was typical, at least of young men. as for our fathers and mothers, none of them talked of empty-nest syndrome, even though its implication that the principal human duty is to protect and feed the young would have suited their generation better than ours. then, the feelings of loss went without a name. today, its a condition with remedies, which will make parents feel more enjoyable in their life. the mayo clinic, for example, suggests you try to maintain regular contact with your children through visits, phone calls, emails, texts or video chats. if you feel depressed, lean on loved ones or your mental health provider. above all, stay positive: thinking about the extra time and energy you might have to devote to your marriage or personal interests after your last child leaves home might help you adapt to this major life change.what cant be denied, however, is that children often leave home. in modern societies, this is what they do. christmas is the very time they can be depended on to return. for the non-religious, that may be this seasons true comfort and significance.文章大意：本文是一篇故事，讲述了圣诞前夕英国大批青年学生乘火车回家，由此引发了作者回顾自我的经历并意识到，当年他根本没有意识到父母对孩子的关爱。文章还给上了年纪的人如何排解空巢的孤独感和孩子们一些建议。31the main reason for the busy traffic across britain next week is that .ayoung students will travel home for christmasbyoung people will travel in every directioncit is a large movement of human beingsdthe traffic flows will be more contradictory【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段 groups of students .will carry them home for christmas年轻人坐车回家过圣诞节，可知选a。32from the second paragraph we can learn that the writer .awent home every week to wash dirty clothesbunderstood his parents desire of seeing himcdidnt understand his parents feelingsdwent home to see his parents regularly【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容 not understanding that my parents dashed hopes of seeing me were a greater casualty of my carelessness than a spoiled tea可知选c。33the underlined word “remedies” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .areasonsbexcuseschabitsdsolutions【答案】d【解析】词义猜测题。根据该句后面定语从句的解释 which will make parents feel more enjoyable in their life可知是补救办法，纠正办法，解决方法之意。故选d。34from the last paragraph we know that .ain modern society, children should leave homebchristmas is likely a time for family reunioncthe significance of christmas is celebrationdchristmas is not a comfort for the non-religious【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段理解 christmas is the very time they can be depended on to return可知圣诞节是家人重聚的日子。故选b。35from the passage we can infer that by writing the article the writers purpose is to .apersuade the young to show concern for their parentsbask the young to go home regularlycmake the young understand their parents interestdenable the young to be more independent【答案】a【解析】推理判断题。根据理解整个故事可知作者的目的是劝诫年轻人要对父母表示关心。故选a。【2014安徽省皖南八校第一次联考】canais nin was a famous writer. nin was born french-cuban but lived in the united states in her later years of life till she died. nins works had her relationships with authors, artists, and other figures as the main subject. some of her writings were made into films. nin was also a visiting lecturer in several colleges and promoted womens movement with her strong writings.anais nin was born in france in 1903. her father was a spanish artist and a composer living in cuba (古巴) where he met her mother, a french singer working in cuba. as a child nin was brought up in spain. when her parents separated, nin and her two brothers moved to new york with their mother. at the age of 16, nin decided to give up studying and started to work as a dancer and model to reduce the financial burden on her mother so that her brothers could go on with their studies.in 1923, nin got married to her husband, hugh parker guiler in cuba. in 1924, nin and hugh moved to paris where hugh continued with his banking career and nin started writing. nin wrote her first book in print, d. h. lawrence: an unprofessional study in 16 days. in 1939, nin left paris as it was a french governments request to its residents to leave paris because of the coming war. nin returned to new york with hugh and sent her written books to frances steioff of the gotham book mart in new york for safekeeping.in 1931, nin wrote her book henry and jun: from the unexpurgated diary of anais nin. in 1936, nin published house of incest which was a 72-page fiction novelnin also appeared and was a part of various films. in 1973, anais nin was awarded an honorary doctorate(荣誉博士学位) by the philadelphia college of art. in 1974, nin was elected to the united states national institute of arts and letters.in 1977, nin died in her los angeles home after battling with cancer for three years.64. what can we know about anais nin from the first paragraph?a. she was a native american.b. she started womens movementc. she gave lectures in several colleges.d. she wrote mainly about her family life.65. why did anais nin give up studying at the age of 16?a. because she wanted to help support her family.b. because her parents divorced.c. because she wanted to realize her dream of becoming an artistd. because she moved from country to country.66. in 1939 nin and her husband moved back to new york to_ .a. enter the film industryb. stay away from warc. have her books publishedd. promote her new books67. what is the passage mainly about?a. the awards anais nin won. b. anais nin and her incomplete family.c. the hardship anais nin experienced. d. anais nin and her great achievements,【参考答案】64-67 cabd 【2014安徽省皖南八校第一次联考】dfor thousands of years, mankind has produced plants and animals to create more desired and useful plants and animals. for example, modern com has been produced to such a large size that it is no longer able to reproduce without mans assistance. modern dairy cows produce too much milk and if they are not often emptied of milk, they could leak, burst, become infected, and possibly die. besides, most dogs raised by people can not survive in the wild even with special training.since natural evolution is extremely slow and mankinds selective production programs only take a few generations to produce a completely new species, natural evolution has already taken a back seat to mankinds production programs. in addition, mankind has successfully killed off several species all together. for example, there are no more european wolves in existence and mammoths (猛犸象) probably died out because of mankind. even certain diseases have been permanently got rid of from the planet, and dozens of other diseases will soon be too. again, natural evolution did it cause most of the destruction during mans rule of the world.currently, scientists are creating new species with desired characteristics in the lab significantly faster than natural evolution creates new species. in a single generation, new species can be created and destroyed by mankind, while natural evolution could take thousands of years to do the same but only accidentally. scientists are even able to replace defective (有缺陷的) or damaged genes with different genes to attempt to cure genetic defects. this is something that natural evolution could possibly never correct.eventually scientists will even be able to improve the quality of people. for example, imagine not only correcting your eyesight with gene treatment, but also ensuring that all of your children do not receive your old genes of poor eyesight too. scientists will one day be able to improve the memory and intelligence of your children, so that they will do better in school and achieve more in life. doctors and sc