中考英语 第三部分 题型研习 高分保障 题型2 阅读理解课件

第三部分题型研习高分保障 题型2阅读理解 解题技法指导类型1判断型阅读理解例题精析 2017 临沂中考 Studentshavetotaketests Sometimes robotsdotoo TorobofromJapanisoneoftheserobots Toroboisarobotbrainwithtwoarms Itispartofaprojectcalled CanaRobotGetintotheUniversityofTokyo AgroupofJapanesescientistsstarteditin2011 TogototheUniversityofTokyo TorobohastotakeJapan snationalcollegeentranceexam 高考 Soin2013 therobotstartedtotakethetestwithJapanesestudents Sadly Torobohasfailedthetesteveryyear Itcouldn tgetagoodenoughscorefortheUniversityofTokyo Thisyearitwasthesame Torobohasabigdatabase 数据库 Soitisgoodatknowledgeandcalculations 计算 That swhyitgothighscoresinphysics historyandmath ButToroboisnotgoodatthinkingbyitself Soitgotlowscoresinlanguageandwriting ScientistsstartedtheToroboprojecttolearnabouttheintellectualabilities 智能 ofmachines NowafterTorobo sfouryearsofhardwork theymayhavelearnedalot 主旨大意 本文是一篇记叙文 文章主要说的是日本机器人Torobo想进入东京大学 但必须得通过高考 近4年都以失败告终 日本科学家通过对Torobo这类机器人的研究 希望研究更高端的智能机器人 1 ToroboisarobotfromJapanandithastotakeJapan snationalcollegeentranceexam 解析 细节理解题 根据文章第三段第一句中 TorobohastotakeJapan snationalcollegeentranceexam 可知 Torobo必须参加高考 答案 A2 AgroupofJapanesescientistsstartedaprojectcalled CanaRobotGetintotheUniversityofTokyo in2011 解析 细节理解题 根据文章第二段第二 三句 Itispartofaprojectcalled CanaRobotGetintotheUniversityofTokyo AgroupofJapanesescientistsstarteditin2011 可知是2011年开始的这项研究 答案 A3 TorobopassedJapan snationalcollegeentranceexamandgotintotheUniversityofTokyoin2013 解析 细节理解题 根据文章第三段第三句 Sadly Torobohasfailedthetesteveryyear 说明Torobo没有考上东京大学 答案 B4 Toroboisgoodatphysics history math languageandwriting 解析 细节理解题 根据文章第四段第三句 That swhyitgothighscoresinphysics historyandmath 和最后一句 Soitgotlowscoresinlanguageandwriting 可知它擅长物理 历史和数学 不擅长语言与写作 答案 B 5 ScientistswanttolearnabouttheintellectualabilitiesofmachinesbystartingtheToroboproject 解析 细节理解题 根据最后一段可知 科学家们通过开始对Torobo这个项目的研究 就是为了研究更智能化的机器人 答案 A技法点拨1 主旨大意题 此类题目需要从主题句入手 通常是第一段的首句 或者在结尾的部分找寻 也可以是中间段落的首句 2 细节理解题 此类题目主要是考查学生阅读时对细节的关注能力 为了更好地记忆 最好边读边画 对一些数字 地名 人名进行标记 3 推理判断题 此类题目主要考查对文章的表面和内涵的联系与延伸理解 通过中西文化对比 强化文化交融意识 类型2选择型阅读理解例题精析 2017 滨州中考 My14 year oldson John andIsawthecoatatthesametimeinasecond handclothingstore Itstoodoutamongbigandoldcoats Itwassobeautifulandhadanunbelievableprice 28 Ilookedatmysonandwebothsaidnothing butJohn seyesshone Dark woolencoatswerepopularwithteenageboys butnewonescouldcostseveralhundreddollars Thiscoatwasevenbetter Johntrieditonandturnedfromsidetoside eyeinghimselfinthemirror Itfithimsowell Johnworethecoattoschoolthenextday Afterhecamehome Iasked Didthekidslikeyourcoat Theyloveit hesaidwithabiggrin Overthenextfewweeks Johnchanged Hewaspolite lessargumentative morethoughtful andmuchhappier Gooddinner mom hewouldsayeveryevening Withoutawordof complaining hewouldcarryinwoodforthestove OnedaywhenIsuggestedthathemightstartonhishomeworkbeforedinner John whoalwaysputthingsoff said You reright IguessIwill WhenImentionedthischangetooneofhisteachers shejokedthatthecoatmusthavechangedhim JohnandIbothknowweshouldneverjudgeapersonbyhisclothes Butitistruethatwhenwearingbeautifulandsuitableclothes wemaytrytobebetterinthought speechandbehaviortomatchwhatisontheinsidetowhatisontheoutside 主旨大意 本文是一篇记叙文 本文讲述了主人公在买了一件新衣服之后 在行为礼貌上发生了很大变化 我们不应以貌取人 但是当我们穿上漂亮合适的衣服 我们的行为举止总会想要和外表匹配 1 Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph A Thepriceofthecoatwastoohigh B Johnlikedthecoatverymuch C Theyoftenwentshoppingtogether D Thewriterdidn twanttobuythecoat 解析 细节理解题 由文章第一段第四句中 John seyesshone 可知 约翰非常喜欢这件外套 答案 B2 Whatdoestheunderlinedword grin mean A Awidesmile B Aworriedlook C Anupsetvoice D Anangrymood 解析 词义猜测题 由前句 Theyloveit 可知 儿子的衣服受到同学们的喜爱 结合他的改变可知 此时他的心情是快乐的 答案 A3 WhatdidJohnusetodowhenhewasaskedtostudy A Startatonce B Putoffhishomework C Workhardonschoolwork D Carryinwoodforthestove 解析 细节理解题 由文章第四段第五句中 John whoalwaysputthingsoff 可知 他以前是一个凡事拖拉的孩子 答案 B 4 WhichofthefollowingchangesdidNOThappentoJohnafterheworethecoat A Hewaswillingtofollowsuggestions B Heoftenhelpedtodosomehousework C Healwaysworriedabouthisstudy D Hesaidsweetwordstomakehismotherhappy 解析 推理判断题 由第四段可知 儿子穿上新衣服后学会了礼貌说话 为炉子添柴 接受家长的建议 运用排除法可知选C 答案 C5 Whatdoesthewriterwanttosaythroughthispassage A Whatwewearcouldhelpwhatweare B Lifeisfullofpossibilitieswhenweareyoung C Weshouldnotjudgepeoplebytheirappearance D It sagoodchoicetotrydifferentthingsinourlives 解析 主旨大意题 通读全文可知 儿子穿了一件喜欢的衣服上学后有了全新的改变 这件事告诉我们外在变化会影响内在变化 A项与此相符 答案 A 技法点拨1 细节理解题 本题型要注意同义或近义句 利用题目的关键词 寻找文中对应的词 在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案 对号入座 这类试题是针对文章中的细节而设计的 要求考生根据对短文的理解 直接选择正确答案 一般在通读短文之后可直接找出答题依据 难度较小 属浅层理解题 2 推理判断题 本题型根据文中某些词 句子或段落进行推理或根据句子的语气 文章的论调和倾向进行推断 通读整篇文章 理解作者意图 真理不一定是正确答案 3 词义猜测题 本题型主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断词义的能力 解答这类题目时需要一些猜词技巧 根据上下文猜测 根据同义词或反义词猜测 根据构词法猜测 通过定义或释义猜测 根据转折 因果关系等来猜测 根据生活常识猜测 此外 对于这类题目采取 代入法 也十分有效 即将备选答案逐一带入文中 哪一选项能使句子的意思通顺 连贯 且与上下文的内容一致 哪一项就是正确答案 4 标题归纳题 本题型考查考生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力 做此类题要注意 以原文为依据 不选对的 只选最适合本篇文章的 注意绝对化的词 答案要避免以点带面 以偏概全 文中没有提到的不要妄自猜测 一切以文章内容为准 5 数字计算题 在做此类题时 要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义 弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息 哪些属于干扰信息 不要孤立看待数字信息 还要抓住一些关键用语的意义 6 主旨大意题 本题型就是从文章的首尾句或段寻找主题句 或纵观全文归纳总结文章的主旨大意 做主旨大意题 要求在理解全文后归纳短文的要点 概括中心思想 不少文章一开头便展示出文章的主题 尤其是新闻报道之类的 第一段通常是故事的梗概 这一段往往表达文章的中心含义 在文章的段落中往往由第一句作为主题句来概括该段的中心意思 此类题主要针对主题 中心思想 文章的结构层次 作者的写作目的等方面 要求考生在准确理解文章后 归纳短文要点 概括中心思想 分析和归纳段落大意 重要情节 人物特征等 即时运用Passage1 2017 云南中考 Shoppingusedtomeangoingtoshops butnowadays youcanshopwithoutevenleavingyourhouse Justsitinfrontofyourcomputer click 点击 yourmouseandyourthingswillbesenttoyourhouseinseveraldays Youcanalsouseyourmobilephonetobuythingsyouwant November11isabigdayformanypeoplewholikeshoppingonline Onthatday manystoresofferabigsale ThebiggestChineseonlineshoppingsitesareTandT Goods 商品 onlineareoftenmuchcheaper Shoppingonlinealsosavesyoualotoftime Andyouoftenhavemorekindsofgoodsonlinethaninshoppingcenters Anotherbigadvantageofonlineshoppingisthatithelpsyougetthingseasilyfromdifferentcities evendifferentcountries Whileenjoyingonlineshopping manypeoplealsohaveworries especiallyformiddleschoolstudentbuyers Theyoftenbuythingsthattheydon tneed Middleschoolstudentsshouldpaymoreattentiontotheirstudy Searchingforthingstobuyonlinewastestheirtime saidteachers 根据短文内容 判断句子正 A 误 B 1 Nowadays shoppingbecomeseasierthanbefore 2 ManypeoplelikeshoppingonlineonNovember11 3 Shoppingonlinecan tsavetimeandmoney 4 Teachersthinkmiddleschoolstudentsshouldpaymoreattentiontotheirstudy 5 Thisarticleisaboutdisadvantagesofshoppingonline A A B A B 即时运用Passage1 2017 滨州中考 Bike sharinghassweptacrossChina withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingbikeridinginsteadofdriving ThebikethattheservicecompanyprovideshasGPSorBluetoothonit andthosebikescanbeeasilyunlockedwithasmartphoneandleftanywhereinpublic Bike sharingallowspeopletoborrowabikefromoneplaceandreturnitatanotherplaceeasily Insomecities wecanseemoreandmorepeopleridingthiskindofsharing bikes It sveryconvenienttousethebikesifyouhaveasmartphone First youhavetodownloadsuchanAPPonyoursmartphone ThenwhatyouneedtodoistofindanearestbikethroughtheAPP scantheQRcodeonthebikeor connectyourphonewiththebikeoveraBluetoothwirelessconnection Youwillfindthebikecanbeunlockeditself Thenyoucanenjoyyourtrip What smore thegreatestadvantageofbike sharingisthatyoucaneasilyfindoneandneverworryaboutwheretoparkit Thecostofridingdependsonthetimethatyouspend Normally everyhouryouride youneedtopayoneyuan Itdoesn tcostsomuch doesit Atthesametime somepeopleparkthebikesintheirownhomes Besides somepeopledon tvaluethebikes Nowservicecompaniesaretryingtosolvetheproblemlikebeingstolen Technologyandsciencehavechangedoursociallifestyles Wehavetosaybike sharingbringsusmoreconveniencewithoutdoubt Andwealsohopethatpeoplecannotonlyenjoyitbutalsoputittogooduse 1 Fromthefirstparagraph weknow A bike sharingisinventedinChinaB sharing bikesareusedbysomepeopleC mostpeopleincitiesdon tdriveD sharing bikescanbeborrowedanywhere2 Theunderlinedword scan inParagraph2probablymeans inChinese A 浏览B 扫描C 审视D 细查3 Ifyouwanttouseasharing bike youmust first A haveasmartphoneanddownloadanAPPB downloadanAPPandpayforthetripC unlockthebikeanddownloadanAPPD findanearestbikeandborrowitfromanyone B B A 4 WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthispassage A Bike sharingisverycheap B Sharing bikesmaybestolen C Sharing bikesareeasytounlock D Bike sharingisakindofgreentransport 5 Thepassageprobablycomesfroma A sciencetextbookB touristguideC websitenewsreportD restaurantmenu D C 即时运用Passage3 2017 铜仁中考 Apoorboylivedinasmalltown Hesoldgoodsfromdoortodoortopayforschool Oneday hehadonlyonecentleft andhewashungry Hedecidedthathewouldaskforamealatthenexthouse However whenayoungwomanopenedthedoor theboywasshy sohejustaskedforsomewater Thewomanknewhewashungry soshebroughthimalargeglassofmilk Hedrankitslowly andthenasked HowmuchshouldIpayforit Youwon tpayforit Mymotherhastoldmethatitisgoodtohelpthepeoplewhoareintrouble shereplied Theboysaid ThenIthankyoufrommyheart Astheboyleftthathouse hefeltstronger Heknewhehadmanythingstodo Manyyearslater theyoungwomanbecameill Thelocaldoctorscouldn tsaveher Peoplehadtosendhertoabigcity Whenthedoctorknewwhothewomanwas hewasexcitedandtriedhisbesttosaveherlife Hesucceeded Thewomanneededtopayforthemedicalbill Thedoctorlearnedthatshecouldn taffordit Sohewrotesomethingdownonthemedicalbill Thewomanreadthebill Youhavepaiditwithaglassofmilk 1 Thepoorboysoldgoodsfromdoortodoorbecause A hehadnomoneyleftB heneededmoneytobuysomefoodC hewantedtoraisemoneyforProjectHopeD hehadtomakemoneyforhisschool2 Whywastheyoungwomansenttoahospitalinabigcity A Becauseshewasseriouslyill B Becauseshehadlotsofmoney C Becauseshewantedtovisitthedoctor D Becausesheknewthepoorboyworkedthere C A 3 Fromthepassagewecanknowthedoctor thepoorboy A lettheyoungwomanpayforthebillB wasalwaysthankfulfortheyoungwoman skindnessC didn tremembertheyoungwomanD failedtosavetheyoungwoman slife4 Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue A Theyoungwomanhadabadmother B Thepoorboyaskedforsomemoney C Theyoungwomanandhermotherwerebothkindtoothers D Thepoorboybecameafamousengineerwhenhegrewup 5 What sthebesttitle 标题 forthearticle A AKindMotherB ALovelyYoungWomanC APoorBoyD AGlassofMilk A C D Passage4 2017 日照中考 Manykidshelpparentstodochoresinthehouse Theymaytakeoutthetrash walkthedogorsweepthefloor Inreturn somekidsgetmoneyorotherrewardsfromtheirparents suchas20minutestoplaycomputergames Butsomepeopledonotthinkthatkidsshouldgetrewardsfordoingchores OneofthemisJaneSmith aparentingeducatorandfamilycoach Shebelievesifkidsgetrewards theymaythinkthatworkisn tworthdoingunlessyougetsomethinginreturn Forexample kidswon tsweeptheflooriftheyseeitisdirty Buttheywilldoitiftheirparentsrewardthemforit Everyhouseisateameffort Janesaid Ahomeisalivingspaceforeveryoneinthefamily It simportantforkidstoseethatweallhavearesponsibilitytokeepourhomeclean Otherpeopleholddifferentopinions Theybelievethatmoneyorotherrewardsencouragekidstodomorechores Italsoteachesthemrealworldlessons Theycanlearnabouthowweneedtoworktomakemoney Now therearealsoappsthatencouragekidstodochores Theappsgivekidspointsanddigital 电子的 giftsthatcanbeusedeitheronlineorinlife WiththeappChoreMonster kidsearndigitalpointsafterdoingchores Kidscanexchangetheirpointsforrealrewards suchastimetoplayvideogamesoratriptothemall Ourgoalistoencouragekidssotheycanearnrewards saysJoeBlack founderofChoreMonster Kidsneedpositive 积极的 powertomakethemdochores 1 JaneSmiththinksthat A houseworkisn tworthdoingB kidsarenotwillingtodochoresC kidsshouldgetsomethinginreturnD kidsshouldn tgetrewardsfordoingchores2 ChoreMonsterisa n A educatorB coachC appD appfounder3 Ifrewardedfordoingchores kidscanlearnto A takeresponsibilitiesB useappswellC makemoneythroughworkD understandteameffort C C C 4 What sthepurposeoftheappsmentionedinthepassage A Togivekidspointsandgifts B Toencouragekidstodochores C Toexchangepointsforrealrewards D Togivekidsadviceondoingchores 5 Thepassagemainlytalksabout A howtoencouragekidstodochoresB whatkindofchoreskidsshoulddoC ifkidsshoulddochoresathomeD whetherkidsshouldberewardedfordoingchores B D Passage5 2016 济南中考 TherearemanyreasonswhyIencouragepeopletotravel andIknowthattheexperiencewillmakeoneabetterperson IrememberwhenIwastravelingthatIbegantoknowtheworldbetter Theworldisnotjustaboutme mysmalltownandhome Althoughyouwillmeetdifferentpeoplefromallovertheworld youwillrealizethatpeoplearesimilarintheirdreams hopesandfeelings Enjoyexploringthedifferentcultures andyouwillalsofindthatpeoplearedifferentinsomeofthethingstheydoandhowtheylive Onceyouunderstandtheirways itneednotbestrangeorscary Oftenwereadstoriesaboutotherculturesinbooks Onlywhenwevisittheirareas dowefindthatthosestoriesaresomethingwrong Onethingyoumayfindoutisthatthereareproblemsallovertheworld Wecannotjustgetmoneytosendtotheseareasandhopethatwillworkthemout Theworldshouldgetinvolved 干预 andhelpwhereverthereareproblems Peopleeverywhereshouldbegivenachance Itissoeasytoignore 忽视 thisifonedoesnottravelandexplore Onecanlookaroundandseethatsomanypeoplehavemanychallengesworsethanours Onecanrealizethatsometimesourbiggestpr