名词性从句常见错误例析和练习.doc

英语语法：名词性从句常见错误例析 1. 【误】 He will come back surprises all of us.【正】 That he will come back surprises all of us.【析】 that引导名词性从句时,尽管无意义也不充当成分,但除了在动词后引导单个宾语从句时可省略外,其它情况不能省略。2. 【误】 That he really means is what he doesnt agree with us.【正】 What he really means is that he doesnt agree with us.【析】 that和what均可引导名词性从句，区别在于：what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语，而that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。误句的主语从句应该用what作means的宾语，表语从句中应该用that，that在从句中不作任何成分。3. 【误】 The news which our team had won pleased everyone.【正】 The news that our team had won pleased everyone.【析】 which在此句中不充当成分，说明从句不是定语从句而是同位语从句。同位语从句不能用which引导，故改为that。4. 【误】 The reason why he failed in the exam was because he was too careless.【正】 The reason why he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.【析】 主语为reason时，引导表语从句的关联词一般用that，不用because，构成The reason why/for which/that/for . . is that . . 句型。because引导名词性从句只用于It/This/That is because . . . 结构。5. 【误】 It is unknown that where we will have the meeting.【正】 It is unknown where we will have the meeting.【析】 名词性从句一般只能用一个引导词，连接词that与连接副词不可并用。6. 【误】 The problem is when will he come back. 【正】 The problem is when he will come back.【析】 名词性从句应该用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。7. 【误】 Could you tell me which was the way to the Science Museum?【正】 Could you tell me which is the way to the Science Museum?【析】 当主句为过去时态的时候，宾语从句中要用过去的某种时态。但该句中的could不是表示过去，而是表示一种委婉的语气，故宾语从句中的谓语动词应用一般时态。8. 【误】 If he is an engineer is unknown. 【正】 Whether he is an engineer is unknown.【析】 if不能用来引导主语从句，在表示“是否”这一意义时要用whether。9. 【误】 I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feelings.【正】 I have been worrying about whether I have hurt her feelings.【析】 if和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时可互换。但介词后的宾语从句及主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只能用whether引导。10. 【误】 What he needs are enough time and what I need is enough books.【正】 What he needs is enough time and what I need are enough books.【析】 名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。但what引导主语从句时，若表语为单数名词或不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数；若表语为可数名词复数，则谓语动词常用复数。11. 【误】No matter who comes to visit the exhi-bition is welcome.【正】Whoever comes to visit the exhibition is welcome.【析】 “No matter + 疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，“wh- + ever”既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。12. 【误】 Ill make known to all that you were not honest. 【正】 Ill make it known to all that you were not honest.【析】 当宾语从句前有形容词或名词作宾补时，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。其句式为：主语 + 动词 + 形式宾语it + 宾补（形容词或名词）+ 宾语从句。又如：I found it quite pleasant that I worked with him.13. 【误】 He is said that he has gone to America. 【正】 It is said that he has gone to America.【析】 It is said that是一固定句型，it为形式主语，不可用其他词代替。14. 【误】 My suggestion is that we will learn more words by heart.【正】 My suggestion is that we should learn more words by heart.【析】 主语为suggestion, advice, order, proposal等名词时，表语从句要用虚拟语气，即用“（should）+ 动词原形”的结构。这些名词的同位语从句也要用虚拟语气。15. 【误】 Why we decided to put off the meeting is because we had some difficulty in preparing it.【正】 Why we decided to put off the meeting is that we had some difficulty in preparing it.【析】 why引导主语从句时，表语从句要用that引导。金题精练1-单句改错：1. When and where we shall have the lecture are not decided.2. They want to make it clear to the public which they do an important job.3. He ordered that the injured had been taken good care of.4. Where will they go is to be discussed at tomorrows meeting.5. This is a fact that English is widely used as an international language.6. What the earth moves around the sun is known to all.7. The news they had won the game surprised us. 8. It depends on if its going to rain.9. At the meeting he raised a question if the project would be cancelled.10. That you need is more practice.金题精练2-单项选择题：1. Father made a promise _ I passed the exam he would buy me a bike. A. that B. if C. whether D. that 2. He often writes to us expressing his hope _ hell come to see us. A. that B. which C. what D. whether3. They asked her _ with her. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what was wrong D. both A and C4. I dont doubt _ she can do it well, but I doubt _ she is willing to do it.A. that；that B. that；if C. if；if D. if；that5. The reason _ he was absent was _ he was ill.A. why；because B. that；that C. why；that D. because；that6. _ wont admire _ makes great contributions to our society?A. Who；who B. Whoever；who C. Who；whoever D. Whoever；whoever7. Her pale face suggested that she _ seriously ill. To our surprise, she still suggested that she_ to Beijing on business. A. be；went B. was；would go C. was；could go D. was；go8. _worries me most is _ I can find the owner of the bicycle.A. What；that B. What；where C. That；that D. Which；how金题精练1/2-答案：单句改错：1. areis 2. whichthat 3. had been（should）be 4. will theythey will5. ThisIt 6. WhatThat7. The newsThe news that 8. ifwhether9. ifwhether 10. ThatWhat 单项选择：1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. B 金题精练3-一、用适当的词填空，使下列宾语从句和表语从句意思完整。1. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree.2. The road is covered with snow. I cant understand _ they insist on going on motor-bike.3. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.4. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough.5. Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future.6. These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.7. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.8. The way he did it was different from _ we were used to.9. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.10. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get.11. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth.12. He told me _ he would go to college the next year.14. I really dont know _ you should depend on if you dont depend on your parents.15. He didnt tell me _ he would come back from Shanghai next time.17. Can you work out _ much we will spend during the trip?18. Make sure _ there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.19. We think it necessary _ we take plenty of hot water every day.20. Tom is very lazy. That is _ he didnt pass the exam.21. This is _ we found the strange trees.22. My idea is _ we should all do our best to do everything well.23. It looked _ he had understood this question.24. The reason why I was sad was _ he didnt understand me.25. His first question was _ Mr. Smith had arrived or not.26. We all find it important _ we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.1. where 2.why 3. what 4. what 5. how 6. what 7. what 8. what 9. why 10. whatever 11. whether 12. that 14 who 15. whether 17 .how 18. that 19. that 20. why 21. where 22. that 23. as if 24. that 25. whether 26. that 金题精练4- 改错1. He said the text was very important and we should learn it by heart. 2. My worry is that he can get there on time.3. The reason why he failed was because he hadnt studied hard. 4. What we need are time.5. Here are two books. You can take whatever you want.金题精练5-填上适当的关系代词或关系副词1. _caused the accident was a man lying on the ground. 2. _will go makes no difference3. _your daughter lovers is very clear 4._wallet was stolen must be made clear5. _he left his wife cut her to the heart 6._we go there remain to be decided7. _you uncle will arrive was not mentioned in his letter. 8. Ill take back _I said9. _you went there alone must be explained 11. Tell us _you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of time 12. Thats_ I praise you13. This is _two thirds of the earths surface is made up of vast oceans14. The season_ you went to the park was that you want to visit her15. The question is_ we will complete the project 16. That was _the Chinese began to make paper17. The problem_ should be our monitor is not decided18. They have no information _ he was alive 19. This is another proof_ he killed a man20. The professor gave orders _the test be finished before 6 oclockKeys: 1What 2.who 3.whom 4.whose5.that 6.whether 7.when 8.whataver/what 9.why 10.whatever 11.how 12why 13.because 14.why 15.what 16.how 17.who 18.whether 19.that 20.that金题精练6-改错题:（答案改在原题上）1. Its uncertain that the experiment is worth doing.2. All what is hard is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.3. What the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.4. You cant imagine how excited were they when they received these nice Christmas presents.5. That well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.6. What he really means is what he disagrees with us.7. Whom is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.8. When well finish translating the book depend on the time.9. Where will the house be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.10. If you come or not is up to you.11. That is what he likes the place so much.12. That is that Lu Xun once lived.13. We thought strange that Tom did not come yesterday.14. The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us.15. Can you tell me who is that gentleman?16. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.17. The energy is that makes the cells able to do their work.18. Jack was soon told why he did was not necessary.19. Is this what we met each other two years ago?20. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who he is21. I dont care whether she has no money. I care if she is honest or not.22. The child is always lying, so none of us will believe no matter what he says.23. See to that the children dont catch cold.24. He, that is playing an important part, which is well-known to us all.25. The boy dived into the water and, after it seemed a long time, he came up again.金题精练7-在空格处填上适当的关连词：5. The question is _ the film is worth seeing. Do you doubt _ I believe you ? This museum is not _ it was ten years ago. The reason for his success is _ he work hard. She dresses well, but the trouble is _ the clothes she is wearing dont go with each other very well.6. The suggestion _ students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering.7. It depends on _ we have enough time.8. You have no idea _ anxious I have been for her safety.9. Now we can see _ a serious problem the population is.10. I want to buy some stamps. Can you tell me _ theres a post office near here?11. Theres some doubt _ she will be able to repay the money on time.12. My radio doesnt work. I dont know _ is the trouble.13. _ he doesnt like them is very clear.14. Id appreciate it _ you carry out the experiment as directed.15. The fire destroyed _ was in the building.16. We know little about the young lady except _ you told me.17. I know nothing about her except _ she is from Canada.18. _ there is life on another planet is almost impossible.19. Please give me the book to _ wins the first prize.20. The chance _ he will attend the meeting is very little.21. Mark wondered _ you thought of the new film.22. The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter.23. Lei Fen was always thinking of _ he could help others.24. Could you tell me for_ you have bought this fur coat?25. _ he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.26. The problem lies in _ we lack time to have holidays.27. _ Thomas Edison became a great inventor is known to all.28. _ he felt sorry for was _ he wasnt in time to prevent the accident.29. _ we will go camping depends on the weather.30. _ is likely that we can bridge the generation gap.31. We should help _ is in need of our help.32. The reason _ he was absent was _ he wasnt interested in the meeting.33. The child is fat. Thats _ he has a sweet teeth.34. Its beyond doubt _ that man will lag behind in the race.35. _ the doctor doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.36. Traditional education taught people to believe _ being intelligent meant remembering information and writing about it.37. After three hours climbing, they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of.38. The media today can draw public attention to _ help is actually needed.39. We agreed to accept _ they thought was the best tourist guide.40. “ Do you think _ I should attend the lecture?” she asked me .41. The police promised to do _ was possible to save the people trapped in the mountains.42. Some people are born with the belief _ they are masters of their own while others feel_ they are at the mercy of others.43. The moment _ Leo will never forget is _ Mr. Green gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.44. I think this trip was well worth _ we had paid.45. The word “ media” basically refers to _ we commonly call newspapers, magazines, radios and televisions.46. Information has come _ the superstar Zhang Ziyi will play the leading role in this film.47. The question occurred _ we were to get the machines needed.48. _ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.49. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice.50. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you can not be sure of something _you might get in the future.51. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want use it for.52. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please?53. Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _ we worked.54. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing.55. Why not try luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are.56. _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.参考答案：1. whether 2. that 3. what. 4. that. 5. that 6. that 7. whether. 8. how. 9. what. 10. whether/of 11. that 12. where 13. That 14. that. 15. what(ever) 16. what. 17. that. 18. That 19. whoever 20. that 21. what 22. what 23. how 24. whom. 25. What 26. that 27. How/ That 28. What, that 29. Whether 30 It 31. whoever32. why 33. because. 34. that 35. What 36. that 37.what 38. where 39. whoever 40. that 41. whatever42. that ,/ 43. that, when. 44. what 45. what 46. that 47. where 48. What. 49. What 50. what./ 51. what 52. whoever. 53. where 54. where 55 where 56. Whichever 注意： 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数第三人称。如果由and 两个或两个以上的主语从句时，谓语动词用复数； 由两个或两个以上的连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。 金题精练8-填上适当的关系代词或关系副词91. _caused the accident was a man lying on the ground.2. _will go makes no difference3. _your daughter lovers is very clear4. _wallet was stolen must be made clear5. _he left his wife cut her to the heart 6. _we go there remain to be decided7. _you uncle will arrive was not mentioned in his letter.8. _you went there alone must be explained9. Ill take back _I said10. Im satisfied _he did11. Tell us _you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of time12.Thats_ I praise you13.This is_two thirds of the earths surface is made up of vast oceans14.The season_ you went to the park was that you want to visit her15.The question is_we will complete the project 16.That was _the Chinese began to make paper17.The problem_ should be our mornitor is not decided18.They have no information _he was alive19.This is another proof_ he killed a man20.The professor gave orders _the test be finished before 6 oclock金题精练9-语法填空 (一)I read a report last night. It says 1_ a lot of people died in 2_ traffic accident. But I forget 3_ the accident happened last Sunday. 4 _ astonished me most is 5_ some babies lost 6_ lives. However, I dont know 7_ the government has taken some measures to deal with 8_. In my opinion, 9_ accident has taught us a lesson 10_we should obey the traffic rules. (二) Body language is used every single day by people of different nationalities all over the world. It is a language _1_ words that consists of gestures, facial expressions and body _2_ (move) that greatly add to - and sometimes even replace- _3_ (speak) language.Body language _4_(use) to communicate both attitudes and feelings as it is not always explicit. Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss. People often use body language 5_ purpose. Someone who does not know the answer to a question will move their shoulders upwards away from their upper body and then let them fall, 6_(mean), “I dont know”. 7_, body language can be unconscious as well. A person _8_ is feeling uncomfortable or nervous will often hold their body in a very rigid manner and have a tight look about their mouths. They