英语写作中常用的词语和句型.doc

英语写作中常用的词语和句型常用谚语（在议论文中）：1. As a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides”. 2. As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides”. On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health. On the other hand, if you dont deal with it properly, it will do harm to your health. So we should look at the matter from two sides. 3. As a proverb says, “Where there is a will there is a way.” (有志者事竟成。)4. As a popular saying goes, “A man is known by the company he keeps.”(观其交友，知其为人。)5. As is known to all, “No pains, no gains”. (没有苦，就没有甜。)6. Its no use crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。)7. More haste, less speed. (欲速则不达。)8. Look before you leap. (三思而后行。)9. He who laughs last laughs best. (谁最后笑，谁笑得最好。)-关于因果关系的句型：1.The higher prices was an increase in demand. 译：他们取得的成果是由于他们的刻苦努力。2. the demand has increased, the prices are higher. 3. An increase in demandhigher prices. 4. The demand has increased. the prices are higher.5. If there is an increase in demand, then prices 译：由于所有这因素，政府越来越多地依靠科学家来安排适当的规划并付诸实践。 As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on scientists for planning appropriate programs and putting them into effect. -辩论中常用的句型：1. There is no doubt that . 译：毫无疑问，人口的飞速增长促使野生动物数量的锐减。 2. It is obvious/clear that 爱心是一盏灯，越黑暗的地方，它越明亮。 3. As is known all, 中国一贯主张，国家不分大小，应该一律平等。4. (Its) no wonder(难怪) 译：他不努力工作，难怪他丢了工作。5. It goes without saying that (不成问题，很自然) 译：很自然健康的人比病人幸福。6. What is more important, 我们应该保持生态平衡。7. I am convinced that我们的社会充满着爱，明天将会变得更美好、更光明。-举例表示法：1. For example, the peoples economic status has been greatly improved. 2. For instance, the economic status of the people has been improved. 3. Lets have an example. TV sets, refrigerators and recorders have become household necessities. -概述（用于图表作文）：1. According to the figures given in the table, 中国的钢产量已超过美国和日本，占世界第一。2. This chart shows that 全世界吸烟者的人数不断上升，占总人口的20%3. As is shown by the graph, 某些野生动物物种的灭绝于世界人口的猛增密切相关。4. It can be seen from the statistics/picture that 随着城市中汽车数量的不断增加，空气污染和噪音已成为威胁城市居民生存的主要公害。5. It is generally 各国政府应该采取措施来保护海洋资源。6. There is a in 译：表中所给的数字表明，最近5年来人民的收入已有显著增长。7. be on the (在增加/减少/上升/下降)译：从曲线图可以看出，世界各国的自然资源在不断减少。Example: The number of has been on thein recent years. 三、Some sentence patterns commonly-used in controlled writing :-关于利弊、优缺点的句型：1. S + have (or has ) a lot of advantages over . (与.相比有许多优点) 译：汽车与自行车相比有许多优点。have the advantage of .(有.方面的长处) 译：1）英语好是她的长处。 2）澳大利亚与中国相比，其优点是人口少。 3）他比他们有利的是他会操作电脑。 2. be of great benefit to sb./sth. (对.有益) 译：你的计算机知识对你将来的工作十分有益 3. benefit sb/sth. (对有好处) 译：这家新医院对整个社区有利。 benefit from sth. (由于.而受益) 译：我们将从技术发明中受益。 4. do (a lot of) good to sb. (对.有许多好处) 译：早晨锻炼对你很有好处。 be good for sb./sth. (对.有益) 译：蔬菜和水果有利人的健康。 do damage to sth./damage sth. (对.造成损害) 译：这次地震对城市建筑损坏严重。 do harm to sth./harm sth./endanger sth. (对.有害处) 译：吸烟危害人的健康。 5.be as(not so) good/great as 译：他做得没有说得好。 6. not so much as (与其说,不如说) 译：人口的迅速增长与其说是由于出生率的上升不如说是由于死亡率的下降。 The reason for the rapid increase in population is not so much a rise in birth rate as a fall in death rate.-说明原因的句型： 1. There are good reasons Example: There are two reasons for the changes in peoples living conditions. First, we have been carrying out an opening and reform policy. Second, our national economy is developing rapidly and the birth rate has been put under control. 2. We have two good reasons for 译：我们有许多理由反对工业不受控制的发展。 3. The reasons for is that + 从句 译：我们支持“希望工程”的原因时，许多贫困地区的儿童付不起继续学业的各种费用。-表示不同看法的句型：1. Different peopledifferenton this Some believe that Others argue that Still others maintain that 译：人们对国际文化交流的看法各不相同。有些人认为，国际文化交流能促进各国人民之间的友谊和了解。另一些人则争辩说，中国是一个具有5000年历史的文明古国，并且有自己的传统文化，它和西方文化截然不同。因此，他们反对国际文化交流。我认为，第2种看法是片面的。现在国际文化交流是非常重要的。各国人民应该互相了解、互相学习以便增进友谊。People differ in their opinions on the international cultural exchange. Some believe that international cultural exchange contributes to the friendship and understanding of the people all over the world. Others argue that China is an ancient civilized nation with a history of 5000 years and has its own traditional culture, which is quite different from that in the western countries. Therefore, they are opposed to the international cultural exchange. In my opinion, the second view is one-sided and partial. The international cultural exchange is of great importance now. People of all countries should understand each other and learn from each other to enhance the friendship among them.1. They are quite different from each other in their opinions.2. Some people hold the opinion that it is good to have a small family. 3. They think quite differently on this question. 4. They differ greatly in their attitudes towards noise problem. Example: Parents and children think differently on this question. Parents hold that children should work hard and do well at school. Children, however, maintain that they should have freedom to spend their leisure time and to plan for their own future. -表示必须、紧急、有困难做某事的句型：1. It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable) for sb. To do sth. Examples: 1) It is inevitable that the natural resources throughout the world are diminishing as the demand for them is on the increase. 2) It is obvious that the strength of a countrys economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its industry and agriculture. 3) It is urgent for the government to take measures to control the birth rate in our country/to change deserts into farmland. 4) It is necessary to build more hospitals, sho