1初稿白山丹20131103812.docx

The negative transfer affected eastern Inner Mongolia junior students by the localism during English listening and writing Name:Bai shandan Major: Tourism English Class: 1 School number: 20131103812摘要：本文重点是分析是由方言影响造成了内蒙古东部地区大三学生英语听写过程中造成失误的原因。从内蒙古东部地区的主要语音特征入手，通过英语和内蒙古东部地区方言在原音辅音语调方面与英语的差别进行具体而典型的比较分析，阐述了方言对英语学习产生的负迁移现象。并提出纠正方法，帮助其提高听写水平。关键词：大三学生 英语听写 母语负迁移 内蒙古东部地区方言Abstract: This article of mine is emphasis to analyze the reason of the mistake made by eastern Inner Mongolia junior students during they do English listening and writing. We start with the major phonetic feature of eastern Inner Mongolia. Though analyze the typical different in phonetic and intonation between English and eastern Inner Mongolia to statement the negative transfer which effected English learning by eastern Inner Mongolia dialect At the same time put forward the redress method to help them improve their level to English Listening and writing. Introduction: During English learning. Listen and then writing is absolutely a good method to learning English. It combines students listening ability and understanding ability. Whats more is can also improve students English writing skill. Its so called kill two birds with one stone. But affected by the dialect caused a lot of typical mistakes of eastern Inner Mongolian Junior students. And these typical faults are mainly affected by negative transfer by mother language. Ousting defined transfer is: transfer is an affection which came from the language one has been learned (maybe the faults one) on the target language by their common or distinguish. Other people conclude Mather language transfer into four parts: positive transfers, negative transfer, avoid excessive use. Mother language transfer is a very common phenomenon. When their feature is close to each other, they will improve each other or the mother language will broke target language stubborn because English and Chinese has a huge distinguish so Chinese language have negative transfer to English strongly .This article is aim at give method to solve dialect local as a mother language negative transfer to the eastern Inner Mongolia Junior students when they do English listening and writing. Key Words: Junior Students English listening and writing negative transfer the localism belong to eastern Inner Mongoliadialect1The factor caused Eastern Inner Mongolia junior students poor of English listen and writing.English and Chinese belong to are belong to two different branch of language. They have huge different in both pronounce, intonation and words spelling. Affected by the dialect localism of eastern Inner Mongolia even sharpens this difficulty. The reason why caused the difficulty of eastern Inner Mongolia junior students can not follow the hearing and write wrong is conclude for six aspect: pronounce, intonation, stress pronounce weak pronounce, read though and assimilation, the spelling of words and so on. Besides them, because did not master pronounce and intonation caused the last four mistakes. So if the students want to overcome mother language negative transfer. Must start deal with these two aspects. 1.1eastern Inner Mongolia students pronunciation backgroundEnglish has a lot different from Chinese. Inner Mongolia dialect is a kind of Chinese dialect .It has ite own character .the junior students come from these place always like to bring their dialect into English speaking .So the English they speak is not standard. 1.1 The listening and writing mistake caused by pronounce1.1.1 The mother language negative transfer of eastern Inner Mongolia junior students in English pronounce1.1.1.1The eastern Inner Mongolia localism dialectaffect to the pronounce of English vowelThe eastern part of Inner Mongolia is combined with city named Chifeng, Tongliao, Ulanhot Xilingol and Hlun Buir. The dialect localism in these places is major belonging to Northeast dialect. Even though they have some distinguish but they also have many common feature. The negative transfer to learn English vowel is that the pronounce habit of them is pronounce usually is the front parts of mouth, the after position of tongue is high. The mouth open is small. Some pronounce which in the last part of mouth and big mouth open vowel students often hard to pronounce correctly. For Example:(1) The mix of diphthonga iand pure vowel e.a ioften pronounced efor them. Such as finefainpronounced fen, time ta i m pronounced t e m.(2) The mix of e i and i. Appear the feature that diphthong become pure vowel. So the students are often not sensitive of the distinction between them. The diphthong e i is pronounced by the spelling of e and i. Students often omit or weaken them when pronounce e i and e at the same time. For example: pronounced e i into i. Such as day d e i pronounced d i.(3) Have the phenomenon that slur vowelSuch as: plain p l e i n into p l n; gain g e i n into g n; ten t e n into t n1.1.1.2 The Mother language negative transfer of English consonant(1) The negative transfer of learning v v and w w. In the localism dialect people did not distinguish v and w. This kind of pronouncing habit caused students when they speaking English mistakenly pronounced week into VI: k, very into w e r i, window into v i n d a u, victor into w i k t (2) Has the phenomenon to add some sound. We know that in the Chinese did not have the words ended with consonant another words Yun mu. So students are used to ending with vowel. They added the soundafter the word which ending with consonant. Such as dog pronounce into ,book into and so on. When pronounce consonant bending , students are also did not follow this regular but add a soundbetween two consonants. Such as good () morning; sit () down. 1.2 The mother language negative transfer of learning English intonation of Eastern Inner Mongolia studentsChinese is the tone language but English is the intonation language. The realization of Chinese intonation is must use by tone. It means that the containing of every Chinese sentences word must have its own tone. The intonation of Chinese usually change at the finally some words in the sentence which change about their tone pitch and tone sphere. But English sentence overall pitch pattern is different from Chinese. The major factor decide English pitch pattern and the fundamental frequency mode structure is intonation another is stress tone. The expression of transition surface of Chinese sentence is broken off in voice. But the expression of English transition surface is the smooth and no gap continuous. So students usually cannot master it then cause the cause of English listening and writing. 2How the dialectlocalism of Eastern Inner Mongolia junior students badly affected their English listening and speaking by their pronounce and intonation2.1The pronounce and intonation not correct caused they did not listen clearly in through reading; assimilation; stress pronounce and weaken pronounce during English listeningWhen read though syllable did not need stress reading. The only one thing they need is glance off let nature take its course. Such as: not at all this phrase. In this phrase when though reading it like a same word. Pay attention to: Though reading only happens in the same sense-group. If at the same time appear consonant and vowel near each other between two senses group it cannot read though too. Such as: Please take a look at it. In this sentence take a look at it is a sense-group. Then take a can be read through; look at can be read though; at it can be read through. But affected by the dialectlocalism of eastern Inner Mongolia students usually mistakenly pronounced vowel at t into e t .So affected by the mother language negative transfer students may can not find in this parts has a through reading. And the feature of though reading is sharpen glance off and have no sharpen reading so it caused students spelling wrong and such kind of mistaken because they can not listen carefully . Because in their dialectlocalism they usually mistakenly speaking a i into e.2.2The incorrectly pronounce and intonation cause can not listen carefully of words do not fully blastingPlosive is the sound which vocal organs form hinder in the mouth then airflow breaks through hinder given out sound. All this sound has six they are p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/and/g/.But in some cases when pronounce plosive we did not have to let airflow broken off hinder , just depend on vocal organize form hinder and slowly pause.（It means the preparing for pronounce plosive actually did not pronounce it）. This process of pronounce calls “Incomplete Plosive” / p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/is six plosive /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/ this six plosive whether any one connected with each other the former must pronounce incomplete plosive and the last must entirely plosive. Such as:(1) He has a b a (d) c lo (d) today. In this sentence have phenomenon added sound. We know that in the Chinese we did not have the word ended with consonant. So students used to add vowel behind the words which not ended with vowel. We usually add behind these kind of words. Such as bad b d read as b d , cold k l d read as k l d . So when students do English reading they may mistakenly write them into “He has a bad colder today.” And such kind of wrong caused by their mother language negative transfer when they pronounce English.2.3The mistaken of spelling wrong when doing English listening and writing caused by incorrectly pronounce and intonation.Modern cognitive psychology think: Learning is a recombine of cognitive structure. Study is the relatively permanent change or tendency to change caused by experience. The process of learning is a process of process information. If regard pronounce and intonation as the first step of learning English it means that if we did nit master them we lose all. In China have ancient words: Step by step wrong if the first step is wrong. So the pronounce faults must cause the last all learning of English wrong. Listening and writing is an invisible thing for this.3Resolution strategy3What we should do to correct the faults made in English listening and writing3.1In Pronunciation I think that we must start of two aspects one is pronounce another in intonation. Only when we correct these two problems can we indeed correct the faults when we learn English. And also solve the problem when English listening and writing. 3.1.1. Engage own self-consciousness, overcome the superior feeling of dialectlocalism, and strengthen the learning of mandarin. Through the study found that the man who is good at mandarin his English pronunciation is also not too bad. So if we can distinguish the different between localism dialect and English smart and typically leader we pronounce. Overcome the localisms sdialect uperior so we can positively improver our mandarin. Only by do this can we correct the mistaken bring by dialect broken dialectlocalism limitformulary. Have a good foundation to learning the accurate English pronounce and intonation. 3.1.2The learning of phonetic symbolLearning English the basic is correct pronunciation. Phonetic symbol is the basic instrument. We should find our defect and correct the wrong pronunciation affected by our eastern Inner Mongolia localism. dialect3.1.3Learning the deficiency of the phonetic symbolIt is hardly for students to learn the phonetic symbol such as 、and .Because in the dialectlocalism their do not have such kinds of pronunciation. So imitation and place of articulation combine is a most efficient method. First, we can through the teachers pronouncing set an example to master the correct phonetic symbol then realize the wrong is in where. And time to time imitation the example, use the multimedia search good example to learn them.3.2 In intonationIn the last section I have mentioned that the intonation between Chinese and English is huge. But for the eastern Inner Mongolia junior students this distinguishes is ever bigger. Why? Because in normal Chinese we usually stress pronounce the last few words among a sentence. But the eastern Inner Mongolia dialect localism affected by Northeastern Mandarin so they have common feature. Their stress pronounces is usually uncertain. And usually give the other person a feel that they speak did not clearly. So even in China because they mistake use the stress pronounces other province person did not understanding their speaking sometime. So my suggestion is the first step of them to learn English intonation is speak mandarin first to learn the standard Chinese speaking it can help them learning English intonation. So when listen to English they can find the correct stress pronounce and so on help to understand the whole passage. 3.3 Words spellingWhen these students listen to the English usually cannot write the correct words. They did not master the correct spelling for words, too. When we recite words we often find their pronouncing and then writing them down in the paper. So all in all pronounce is important for the reciting of the words. If we correct pronounce master wording spelling .So when we doi English listening and writing we will increase our mistake. Such as when we do this kind of passage that largely appear the words we often pronounced wrongly affected by our dialectlocalismI just cut out a part of it: As we all kn