2018高三英语二轮复习板块一语法与高考专题一基础语法应用7定语从句和名词性从句.docx

定语从句和名词性从句.语法填空1When Elias met Mandela，the black people were in a situation _they were treated badly.解析该句中先行词为situation，关系词在定语从句中充当状语，可还原为they were treated badly in the situation，表示“情况”，属于“空间性的概念”，故使用关系副词where。答案where2The reason _he refused to attend the meeting was that they didnt give him an invitation earlier.解析该句中关系词指代先行词the reason并在定语从句中充当状语，可还原为he refused to attend the meeting for the reason，表示“原因”，故使用关系副词why。答案why3How many students are there in your class _homes are in the countryside?解析先行词为students，定语从句 _homes are in the countryside中缺少homes的定语，还原为the students homes are in the countryside，表示所属关系，故使用关系代词whose。答案whose4The characters and events _the author described in his book are very interesting.解析该句中关系词指代先行词The characters and events，并在定语从句中作describe的宾语，可还原为the author described the characters and events in his book；且先行词中既有人也有物，故只能使用关系代词that。 答案that5The buses，most of _were already full，were surrounded by an angry crowd.解析该句中the buses为先行词，根据句意“大多数的公共汽车都满了”此句缺少介词of的宾语，故应为which。答案which6Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize _diverse the American culture is.解析句意：只有当你亲自去纽约时，你才会意识到美国文化是多么丰富多彩。根据“howadj./adv.主语is/are”可知，此处应用how。答案how7What is even more important is _the earth cooled down，and water began to appear on its surface.解析分析句子结构可知，What is even more important为主语从句，the earth cooled down，and water began to appear on its surface句子成分完整，故应填that引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分。答案that8From space，the earth looks blue.This is _about 71% of its surface is covered by water.解析句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球大约71%的表面都被水覆盖着。分析句子可知此处应填because引导表语从句。答案because9Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell _close you may be to victory.解析句意为：不要因失败而泄气，因为你永远也不会知道成功可能离你有多近。 _close you may be to victory为宾语从句，设空处后close为形容词，故填how。答案how10The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _you are better than anyone else on the sports field.解析分析句子结构可以看出，主句主语为way，后面的不定式to succeed at the highest level为其定语，系动词是is，后面的不定式结构为表语。 _you are better than.为belief的同位语从句，从句为“主语系动词表语”结构，成分完整，故填起连接作用的that。答案that.单句改错1This is the factory where I visited last week. _解析句意：这是我上周参观过的工厂。分析本句结构可以看出，句中含有一个定语从句。关系词在从句中作宾语，且指物，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，关系代词也可省略。因此把where改为that/which，或者去掉where。答案wherethat/which或去掉where2We will start at the point which we left off last time. _解析句意：我们将从上次停下来的地方开始。分析句子的结构可知，句中包含一个定语从句，先行词point表示抽象的地点，故把which改为where。答案whichwhere3Toms mother kept telling him that he should work hard，that didnt work. _解析句意：汤姆的母亲不断地告诉他应该认真学习，这没有起任何作用。此处是which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，不能用that。答案第二个thatwhich4The problem about that I consulted you has now been solved. _解析句意：我向你请教的那个问题现在已经解决了。此处是“介词which”构成的定语从句。介词后只能用which(指物)和whom(指人)，不能用that和who，但当介词放在后面时，在限制性定语从句中，可用that代替which/whom，并且that可省略。在非限制性定语从句中只能用关系代词which/whom。答案thatwhich5He told us about the countries where he had visited. _解析关系词在定语从句中作visited的宾语，故使用关系代词that或which，也可省略。答案wherethat/which或去掉where6We all thought it is a pity which the concert was put off. _解析此处it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。答案whichthat7I wonder that whether he has decided to go abroad. _解析名词性从句中不能将两个连接词连用。答案去掉that8What he noticed was one of the windows facing south was open. _解析that引导表语从句时不能省略。答案第一个was后加that9Everyone could figure out what happened and Tom fixed everything. _解析figure out后面有两个宾语从句，分别是