中考英语总复习 第三轮 中考题型实战 第39讲 阅读理解课件 外研版.ppt

第39讲阅读理解 浙江专用 外研版 chipwasinfirstgradewheniarrivedathisschoolasacounselor 辅导员 itwasshockingtomethathewasdescribedasanangry uncontrollableandevil 惹人厌的 boy howcouldsuchalittleboy afterbeinginschoolonlyoneyear beconsidered evil overthenextseveralmonths icametoknowchipwellenoughtoseethathewasneitherevilnoruncontrollable but oneday chipthrewachairathisteacherandwassenttomyoffice iaskedhimwhatmadehimdothis herepliedthathisteacherhatedhim hefelttherewasnowaytoevergethertolikehim iaskedhimifhewouldtellhisteacherthis henodded andwecalledherintomyoffice whentheteachercame hethensaidthatheknewhewasavery verybadboy andhedidn tthinkanyonecouldeverlikehim histeacherlistenedtohimwithheartfeltcompassion thenshegavehimabigwarmhug tellinghimshedidn thatehimatalland actually shecaredverymuchabouthim onlysometimeschip sbehaviorreallyscaredher itwascleartobothchipandmethatshereallymeantit iputmyleftarmonhisshouldersandtherighthandonhisheart itoldhimhowwonderfulandlovelyisawhimtobe ipraisedhowspecialandbravehewastoexpresshishurtfeelings asiwasspeakingtohim his whole body came to rest on my right hand next to his heart itwasamomentintimeunlikeanythingihadexperiencedbefore fromthenon i mpleasedtoseehisbehaviorimprovedthroughtherestofschoolyears achild smindisclearandsensitive 敏感的 hereceiveswhateverotherssaywithoutprotection itisaseasytoconsidersomeonehopelessasitistoconsiderhimableinhisownspecialway 1 thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus a chipwasverypopularatschoolb theteacherdidn tcareaboutchipatallc chiphadnowaytogetotherstolikehimd thewriterthoughtdifferentlyaboutchip2 whichofthefollowingisthebestsentencetofillintheblankinthepassage a shecouldn tcontrolherfeelingsb iadvisedhertobemorepatientc chipbecameangryandcrazyagaind iencouragedchiptoexpresshisfeelings d d 3 theunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5showsthatchip a acceptedthewriterb wantedarestc wasquiteafraidd feltalittlenervous4 whatcanwelearnfromthepassage a nopains nogains b loveme lovemydog c expecthigher actbetter d wherethereisawill thereisaway a c 中考英语 阅读理解 题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力 很多同学在做题时常常有一种 读得懂做不对 的感觉 因此对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析很有必要 从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看 短文体裁多样 题材各异 文章涉及科学知识 社会文化 政治历史 人文环境和日常生活等方面 充分体现其时代性和实用性 短文难度逐年加大 常见题型有主旨题 细节题 推断题 猜测词义题和判断正误题 做 阅读理解 题应先看问题 弄清考点 在阅读短文之前 快速浏览问题 以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数 快速 准确地捕捉所需信息 其次要注意先易后难 做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序 应遵循先易后难的原则 如可先做细节题再做推断题 因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案 而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解 再作判断 主旨概括题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握 做此类题时 应通读全文 理解文章大意 充分理解主题句的意义 短文往往围绕主题句展开 主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句 细节理解题细节题是用来进一步表达主题 体现中心思想的 往往针对短文某个细节来设题 做此类题时 应快速捕捉信息 可能是一些事例 数字等 阅读时要有针对性 推理判断题推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论的题型 主要考查学生的理解力和推断力 这类推断通常包括 数据事实推断 常识推断以及作者的写作目的 态度和倾向等的推断 做此类题时 应根据短文中的相关语句 对与事实有关的细节加以分析 找出线索 悟出字里行间的意思 反复比较 从而作出合乎逻辑的判断 猜测词义题猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义的能力 一般情况下 推断词义的题目中所出现的单词 大多数是学生未曾见过的生词 学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索 通过阅读上下文 断定该词的真正含义 然后将这个释义代入文中 检查是否贴切 仔细比较直到得出该词的确切含义 例1 aren tmobilephones e mailandvoicemailsupposedtohelpuscommunicatemoreeasily sadly that snotalwaysthecase taketheotherdayforexample wheniwaswalkingthroughtheparkwithmyfriend suddenlyhismobilephonerangandheansweredit leavingmealoneandcuttingourconversationdead infact theparkwasfilledwithpeopletalkingontheirmobilephones theywerepassingotherpeoplewithoutevenlookingatthem orstoppingtowalktheirdogs clearly peoplepreferredthemobilephonetohumancontact 联系 whyisitthatthemoreconnectedweget themoredisconnectedifeel developmentincommunicationtechnologyseemstokeeppeoplefromhumancontact withe mailovertheinternet wecancommunicatewithoutseeingortalkingtooneanother withvoicemail youcanhaveconversationswithoutevenmeetingthatperson evensomefoodstoresareusingself scanners 自助扫描仪 sothatyoucancheckyourselfout asthecontactbetweenhumanbeingsbecomesautomated 自助化的 myfeelingofbeingdisconnectedgetsstronger don tgetmewrong i mnotagainstmachines ialsoownamobilephone avoicemailsystem andane mailaccount givingthemupisn tagoodidea astheyareusefultohavearound it sjustthatwhentheykeepusawayfromhumancontact ibegintofeelsad moreandmore ifindmyselfansweringe mailinsteadoftalkingtopeople thetechnologythatwasmadetohelpkeepusincontactwitheachotheris infactmakingmefeelmorelonely whatistobedone well i vemademyselfaplantouselesstechnology noe mailingpeoplewholivenearme andnolettingthevoicemailpickupwheni mathome 1 theexampleinparagraph1showsthatpeoplenow a communicatemoreeasilyb disliketalkingfacetofaceatallc prefertalkingontheirmobilephonesd areonlygoodatusingmobilephones2 theunderlinedword disconnected inparagraph2probablymeans a lonelyb satisfiedc stupidd interested 3 itcanbeinferred 推断 fromthepassagethat a thewriterisgoingtogiveupmobilephonesb machinesarenownotusefultohavearoundc machinesactuallykeeppeopleclosertoeachotherd thewriterdecidesnottophoneothersalotwhenwithfriends4 whichisthebesttitleofthepassage a technologyandhumanlifeb theimportanceoftechnologyc technologyandhumancontactd thedevelopmentoftechnology 短文大意 本文讲的是科技和人际交往方面的问题 1 c 解析 由第一段中的 clearly peoplepreferredthevoiceonthemobilephonetohumancontact 可知答案为c 2 a 解析 此处表示 我们联系得越密切 反而觉得越没有联系 即 反而觉得孤单 故答案为a 3 d 解析 通读最后一段 由其中的 i vemakemyselfaplantouselesstechnology 可推断答案为d 4 c 解析 通读全文可知 本文讲的是科技和人际交往方面的问题 故最佳标题是c项 accordingtoarecentstudy thereareabout70 000blindchildreninindonesia amongthem 60percentwerenotbornblind iyehezkielparudaniisoneofthem wholosthiseyesightbyaccidentatagesix henowteachesenglishtoblindstudentsatthepajajaranspecialschool iyehezkielparudanisayslearningenglishcanhelpblindpeoplefeelbetteraboutthemselves bylearningenglish theycanbeanenglishteacher atranslator andatourguide studentsreadusingbraille 盲文 towrite theyusespecialtools too iyehezkielparudanisaysblindpeopleshouldnotlettheirphysicaldisabilityinfluencetheirdreams in2008 hegotachancetostudyattheuniversityoftexas twoyearslater hegotamaster sdegreeincoursedevelopmentthere intheus ifigototheuniversitytostudy everythingisavailable likee books braillebooks hereinindonesia youknow it sdifficulttofindareferencebookine bookorinbraille wehavetomakeitourselves intheus icanmovewhereveriwantbecauseeverythingdesignedisreallyaccessibleforpeoplewithblindness ehalestari oneofhisstarstudents sayslearningenglishhaschangedherlife shehasalreadytraveledtotheuswiththehelpofanindonesia u s program istudyenglishbecauseiloveenglishverymuch iwanttobeatranslatorbecauseiwanttogototheothercountriesandtheniwanttomeetsomepeoplefromaroundtheworld likeherclassmates ehalovestosing here musicispartofdailylife eventhestudentswhodonotstudyenglishcansingsomeamericanpopsongs suchasstandbyme standbyme pleasestand standbyme standbyme iyehez