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Question1: Explain the validity of one process and one content theory of motivation and assess their applicability to scenarios that exist within Scotia AirwaysThe Expectancy theory states that employees motivation is an outcome of how much an individual wants a reward (Valence), the assessment that the likelihood that the effort will lead to expected performance (Expectancy) and the belief that the performance will lead to reward (Instrumentality). In short, Valence is the significance associated by an individual about the expected outcome. It is an expected and not the actual satisfaction that an employee expects to receive after achieving the goals. Expectancy is the faith that better efforts will result in better performance. Expectancy is influenced by factors such as possession of appropriate skills for performing the job, availability of right resources, availability of crucial information and getting the required support for completing the job.Instrumentality is the faith that if you perform well, then a valid outcome will be there. Instrumentality is affected by factors such as believe in the people who decide who receives what outcome, the simplicity of the process deciding who gets what outcome, and clarity of relationship between performance and outcomes. Thus, the expectancy theory concentrates on the following three relationships:Effort-performance relationship: What is the likelihood that the individuals effort be recognized in his performance appraisal?Performance-reward relationship: It talks about the extent to which the employee believes that getting a good performance appraisal leads to organizational rewards.Rewards-personal goals relationship: It is all about the attractiveness or appeal of the potential reward to the individual.Vroom was of view that employees consciously decide whether to perform or not at the job. This decision solely depended on the employees motivation level which in turn depends on three factors of expectancy, valence and instrumentality.Advantages of the Expectancy TheoryIt is based on self-interest individual who want to achieve maximum satisfaction and who wants to minimize dissatisfaction.This theory stresses upon the expectations and perception; what is real and actual is immaterial.It emphasizes on rewards or pay-offs.It focuses on psychological extravagance where final objective of individual is to attain maximum pleasure and least pain.Goal setting theoryGoal setting theory is based on the idea that the behavior of employees can be altered by influencing their goals and targets. It focuses workers inputs in the direction of high performance and achievement of organizational goals. A proven method of maximizing your success in setting and achieving goals is to set. SMART goals. SMART goals are an acronym for setting Specific, Measurable, Action-based, Realistic and Time-bound goals.For instance，the Scotia Airways sets some legitimate operational goals, consumer goal, culture policy and expansion policy, from these behaviors, clearly, it can express that realization of goals has an effect on feelings of success and satisfaction in Scotia Airways. Achieving goals has a positive effect, and failing to meet goals has negative consequences. However, the affect of goals is not exclusive to one realm. Success in employees job can compensate for feelings of failure in ones personal life.Question3: Explain why the introduction of team working is fundamental to the achievement of the goals of Scotia Airways and identify the main costs and benefits they may encounter as a resultThe Importance of Team Working,The main value of teams is their ability to assemble and empower employees to use their talents to improve the organization. In more fully participating in decisions and planning how work will be performed, employee contribution and, for most, job satisfaction are increased.it improves Quality, Flexibility ,Coordination,Satisfaction and Development, Productivity/Cost An efficient team including several parts,Set clear targets,Clear communication,Trust each other,Good leadership, Tablishing roles and preprocesses,Conflict Resolution,This can make a team work very efficient,Performance will also be very highIf you are an inefficient team,May be a lot of internal conflict, not same goal, this not only undermines the Mission of collaboration will also result in reduced efficiencyquestion4: Identify three factors that could impact upon team cohesion and performance within Scotia Airways and assess their potential impactSelection of appropriate supervisor:An appropriate supervisor will provide the team with a common goal, internal division of labor will be clear, would increase cohesion within the team, also improves performance.Of course, if it is not a good Manager, you will not have a good teamBonuses: A team members bonus should be the same, so that not only can the team cohesion promotion, also makes the team performance, because only the teams high performance, bonuses will be high.Have the same bonuses the team will also have a negative impact, some lazy people may be more lazy, because they know that regardless of their efforts more bonuses do not changeParticipation in decision making:Participation in decision making also have im