宾语从句小测验成品.doc

九年级语法复习-宾语从句练习题宾语从句问一：什么叫宾语从句？ 答：顾名思义，能够充当宾语的句子即宾语从句。如： She says（that）she will leave a message on his desk Do you know where we can stay on the island？ 问二：宾语从句除主要作及物动词的宾语外，还可以充当以下几类词的宾语： 1. 作形容词的宾语。主要有 sure，afraid，glad，sorry，happy，surprised， pleased等。如： Im glad that you have come你来了，我很高兴。 2. 作介词的宾语。如： She agreed with what I said at the meeting 她同意我在会上的发言。 问三：怎样选择宾语从句的引导词，有无规律可循？ 答：宾语从句的引导词是有规律可循的，一般来讲，可分为三个类型： 1当宾语从句是由陈述句变化而来的，该从句通常由that引导。that无具体意义，不作任何成分，常被省略。例如： We all sayLao Wang is a good friend We all say（that）Lao Wang is a good friend Im sureYou have seen that book before Im sure（that）you have seen that book before 2当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，须用连词if或whether引导，意为“是否”，表示选择。Could you tell us？Will he really come here？Could you tell us if（whether）he will really come here？ He asked us, “Have you finished reading this book?”He asked us already finished reading that book.注：if和whether在引导宾语从句时可换用，但下列三种情形中只可用whether， 不用if： 1) 当or not紧随连词之后时。例如： We didnt know whether or not she was ready我们不知道她是否已做准备。 2) 从句用作介词宾语时。例如： I am interested in whether he joined the army我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。 3) 当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。例如： Whether this is true or not，Im not sure这是否真实，我不敢肯定。 4) 在带to的不定式前。例如：She hasnt decided whether to go or not. 她还决定去还是不去。3当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变来时，则用连接代词whowhosewhatwhich和连接副词whenwhere whyhow等引导。它们均是充当一定成分，一般不可省略。例如： Could you tell me？Where is the nearest post office？Could you tell me where the nearest post office is？ 注：连接词与其后名词构成短语时则不可拆开使用。如：what time，which room，how many people，which pair of shoes等。 问四：宾语从句必须用陈述句语序吗？如由what，when等疑问词引导的宾语从句也须这样吗？ 答：宾语从句一律用陈述句语序，不论从句由何引导词引导，也不论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句均为：“引导词主语谓语其他”结构。试比较： We dont know when will they arrive（） We dont know when they will arrive（） Could you tell me which way must we take to get to the museum？（） Could you tell me which way we must take to get to the museum？（） 注：特殊疑问词作主语时，语序本来就是“主语谓语”结构，故语序不能再变化。例如： Please tell usWho will give us a talk this week？ Please tell us who will give us a talk this week Do you know What happened? Do you know ?1. Will you please tell me with Peter? He looks unhappy.A. what wrong is B. what is wrong C. the wrong is that D. what wrong it is2. She asked me if I knew _ Awhose pen is it Bwhose pen it was Cwhose pen it is Dwhose pen was it问五：何为时态呼应？宾语从句在时态上应遵循哪些原则？ 答：在复合句中，从句中的谓语动词时态，特别是宾语从句中的谓语动词时态，在一定程度上要受到主句谓语动词时态的制约，在英语语法中这种现象被称为时态呼应。含有宾语从句的主从复合句在时态呼应上一般要遵循以下三条规则： 1如果主句是祈使句或主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时，则宾语从句可根据意义的需要而选用任何一种时态。例如： Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night？ Please tell me how many pictures theyve drawn recently Mary says she will come back soon Will you tell us how you managed to overcome the difficulties？ 2如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句须用表示过去的某一时态。例如： He said that he was a cleaner I knew she had cleaned the house already 3如果宾语从句所表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、谚语等时，主句即使用了过去时，从句也不受主句影响而多用一般现在时。例如： He said time is money Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound She said that one and one makes two她说一加一等于二。 问六：宾语从句的标点符号由主句决定还是由从句决定？ 答：不论由何种类型的句子转化而来的宾语从句，标点符号均由主句来决定。例如： Dont you think？The light in the room is too dark Dont you think（that）the light in the room is too dark？ 问七：怎样理解Today we think it important that we should learn a foreign language well 这句话的结构？其中it起什么作用？ 答：该句为一复合宾语结构，其中it为形式宾语，代替后置的真正宾语that从句，important是宾语补足语。在英语中，动词think，make，find，hear等接复合宾语（宾语宾语补足语）时，为了平衡句子结构或避免句子结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真实的宾语从句后置，从而形成“动词（如think,make, feel, find等）it宾语补足语that从句”结构。再如： I made it clear that I would have no time to do that tomorrow 我已讲明了明天我没有时间做那件事。 问八: 宾语从句何时要进行“否定转移”？ 答：当主句的谓语动词为think，believe, guess, suppose等且主语为第一人称时，从句中的否定词not应转移到主句谓语动词上来。例如： I thinkChickens cant swim I dont think chickens can swim 问九：含有宾语从句的复合句如何变为反意疑问句？ 答：通常情况下，反意疑问句的附加问句部分由主句决定；但1)主句中含有think believe的宾语从句，2)若主句的主语为第一人称时，则附加问句部分要由从句决定，不过应注意否定转移的情况。试比较： He thinks he is right，doesnt he？（由主句决定） I dont think he is right，is he？（由从句决定） 1.I think he is wrong, ? 2.Lucy thinks Jim is right, ?3.I dont think that the book is very useful，_ _ ？ Ado I Bis it Cdoesnt it Disnt it 问十：宾语从句通常能简化成什么样的结构？ 1.答：宾语从句通常可简化成“疑问词不定式”结构，此时主从复合句也就变成了简单句，但条件是： 1）疑问词为原宾语从句的引导词； 2）从句的主语应与主句的主语或间接宾语相一致。例如： I dont know what I should do next I dont know next Can you tell me how I can get to the park？ Can you tell me to the park？ He hopes that he will be back very soon He hopes _ _ _ _ very soon He decided that he would visit our school He decided our schoolHe agreed that he could help me with my English He agreed _ _ _ _ me with my English 2主句的谓语动词为see，watch，hear， find等时，宾语从句常简化为“宾语宾语补足语”结构。其中宾语由that从句的主语转化而来，宾补多为不带to的不定式或Ving分词。如： I heard that some children sang some songsI heard some children some songsTom s father saw that he was sitting on some eggs Tom s father saw _ _ _ on some eggs 问十一：宾语从句有几种替代形式？ 答：宾语从句通常有两种替代形式，即肯定替代与否定替代。具体分为： 1在hopebelievethinkguesssupposetellsay以及Im afraid等后，常用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，表示上文涉及之事。例如： Do you think they will win the game？ I hope so I hope not 你认为他们会赢得比赛吗？ 我希望如此。我希望不是这样。 2在上述动词之后，若替代一个否定形式的宾语从句，替代形式有两种： 1）将从句否定转移到主句谓语。例如： I dont believe so 2）直接用not代替否定的宾语从句。例如： I believe not 注：hope，（be）afraid只能取后一种否定形式。 I hope not. Im afraid not.问十二：这里有一道单选题： I dont know if he _ He will come if it _ Acomes；wont rain Bwill come；doesnt rain Ccome；doesnt rain Dwill come；wont rain 所给答案是B。为什么同为if引导的从句，上一句能用将来时，下一句却不能用将来时？ 答：这里的if具有双重功能，既能引导宾语从句，又能引导条件状语从句。当if引导宾语从句时，根据时态呼应原则，该从句可选用将来时；可当if引导状语从句时，通常要用一般现在时表达将来时。另外，类似if具有双重功能的连词还有when。例如： Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？（宾语从句） Sorry，I dont knowWhen he comes back，Ill tell you（时间状语从句） 问十三：直接引语变间接引语1原句是陈述句变为that 引导的宾语从句。(1) She said to me, “You arent a good student now.” She told me a good student then(2) He said, “Im a student.” He said a student.2原句为一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句变为if/ whether引导的宾语从句。He asked us, “Have you finished reading this book?”He asked us already finished reading that book.3原句为特殊疑问句变为同一个wh- 词引导的宾语从句。The teacher asked, “where are you going next week?”The teacher asked going the next week.4原句为祈使句变为不定式形式(not ) to do sth.直接引语时肯定祈使句变成间接引语时，用不定式形式(to do)作宾语补足语形式Our parents told us, “learn English well.” Our parents told us English well.直接引语时否定祈使句变成间接引语时，用不定式否定形式 (not to do)作宾语补足语形式The teacher said to us, “Dont read that novel.”The teacher wantedaskedtold us that novel.Mr. Li told us , “never do wrong.” Mr. Li told us never to do wrong.巩固练习：I. 变成间接引语 1. “Have you returned the book to the library?”What did she asked? She asked .A. whether youre returned the book to the libraryB. if you had returned the book to the libraryC. whether you have returned the book to the libraryD. if had you returned the book to the library2. She asked Lily,” what are you?” .3. She told me, “ I am an English teacher.” .4. I dont know, “ where do you live?” .I dont know, “ where does she live?” .I didnt know, “ where do you live?” .I didnt know, “ where does she live?” .II句型转换，每空一词。 1“Do you love the country life？”she asked me She asked me if _ _the country life 2Is the Summer Palace open now？Could you tell me？ Could you tell me _ the Summer Palace _ _now？ 3Please tell me where we should show our tickets Please tell me _ _show our tickets 4“Where does he live？”Mr Hu asked Mr Hu asked where _ _ 5Is the earth round？The little boy asked The little boy asked _the earth _ round III把下列各句合并成含有宾语从句的复合句。（5分） 1“Is it all right？”asked Miss Gao _ 2“Do you need some more tea？”asked the father _ 3“Can you come with me？”Lucy asked _ 4When were they born？Do you know ？ _ 5How can I get to the park？Can you tell me？ _ 6What time did he get up today？Please tell us _ 7Who are you going to see the film with？Could you tell me？ _ 8He wants to take the dictionary with him The student says _ 9Mary has returned the book to the libraryI know _ 10They are going on a trip. His father told us _ 练习一1. “Im fifteen.” She said. She said fifteen.2. “The earth goes around the sun.” She taught us. She taught us the earth around the sun.3. “Will you come here and help me?” She asked me. She asked me I go there and help her.4. “Does he work in the factory?” Can you tell me? Can you tell me he in the factory.5.“Why didnt you come here on time?” I wanted to know. I wanted to know you go there on time.6. “Whats wrong with you?” Could you tell me? Could you tell me wrong with you?7.“Where does he work?” I didnt know. I didnt know he .8. “How old is your brother?” Can you tell me? Can you tell me your brother ?9. “Come to school on time.” She told me. She told me to school on time.10. “Dont shout here.” He asked us. He asked us shout there.练习二 1. Do you know ? -Only ten months old. A. when does Tiger Woods start golfing B. when did Tiger Woods start golfing C. when Tiger Woods starts golfing D. when Tiger Woods started golfing2. Miss Green didnt tell us in 2002. A. where does she live B. where she lives C. where did she live D. where she live. 3. I want to know the day after tomorrow. A. what he will do B. what will he do C. what he did D. what did he do4. Could you tell me when ? At 10:25, in ten minute. A. the bus will leave B. will the bus leave C. the bus has left D. the bus had left5. He asked his classmate where . A. does his teacher see the film B. his teacher saw the film C. did his teacher see the film6.Could you tell me ?-Certainly. Its over there along the street on the left. A. where the Peoples Park is B. where is the Peoples Park C. the Peoples Park is where D. the Peoples Park where is7.Could you tell me how long the book?-Three days. A. I can keep B. can I borrow C. I can borrow D. can I keep8.could you tell me tomorrow morning? -Well. It will start at 9:00 oclock. A. when the meeting will start B. where the meeting will start C. where the meeting starts D. when the meeting would start9. Could you tell me ? A. what does an F1 track look like B. what an F1 track looks like C. how does an F1 track look like D. how an F1 track looks like10. What to her yesterday evening? A. was happened B. happened C. happening D. happen11. The teacher asked Lucy . A. where does she come from B. what did she like best C. if she could speak Chinese D. when was she born12. Could you tell me ? A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting for C. where the nearest bus stop is D. why were you late13.Will Mr. Black be here soon -Im not sure. Lets go and see . A. when will the train arrived B. when the train arrives C. when the train arrived D. when the train will arrive14. No one can be sure in a million years. A. what man looks like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what man will look like15. Liu Yings mother wanted to know . A. if she studied hard at school B. how did she study at schoolC. what did she study at school16. Could you tell us ? A. where does he live B. where lives he C. where he lives D. he lives where17. She said she would leave the message on the desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what18. I dont know . Could you show me the way? -Certainly. A. where the post office is B. where is the post officeC. where I can get to the post office D. how can I get to the post office19. I dont know he will come to see me or not. A. whether B. what C. why D. who E. if F. weather20. She says that she to Beijing next week. A. has gone B. will go C. goes21. Our geography teacher told us that the earth around the sun. A. goes B. go C. went D. going22. I thought the news important for us all. A. is B. was C. were D. will be23. Granny Wang told the children that the sun from the east. A. is B. was C. were D. will be24. Could you tell me you are waiting for?-Im waiting for my daughter. A. what B. when C. who25. Could you tell me if it tomorrow? A. rains B. is raining C. will rain D. rain练习三1. I didnt understand _, so I raised my hand to ask.A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say C. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say2. Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it _?A. built B. was built C. has built D. has been built3. -Could you tell me_tomorrow morning?-Well, it will start at 9:00 oclock.A. when the meeting will start B. where will the meeting start C. where the meeting starts D. when the meeting would start4. Would you please tell me _next, Mr Wang?A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what5. Look! How heavy the rain is! Youd better _.A. dont go now B. stay here when it rains C. not leave until it rains D. not to leave at once6. He asked me _.A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me7. -I wonder _without water. -About a week.A. how long man can live B. how long can man live C. when man can live D. when can man live8. -Do you know _ now? -In the Peoples Hotel.A. where is Tom working B. where did Tom work C. where Tom is working D. where Tom worked9. -Can you guess _the MP4 player yesterday? -Sorry, Ive no idea about it.A. how much did he pay for B. how can he get C. how much he paid for 10. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _ later on?-Wait a minute. It is coming in ten minutes.A. if the next train arrives B. if the next train will arrive C. when the next train arrives D. when will the next train arrive11. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? -Theres a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.A. where I can change money B. how I can get to the bank C. if theres a bank near here D. where the bank is12. No one knows _ in fifty years.A. what will our life be like B. what is our life like C. what our life will be like D. what our life is like13. -Do you know _? -Im not sure. Maybe she is a driver. A. who the pretty woman is B. who is the pretty woman C. what the pretty woman does D. what does the pretty woman do14. -Can you see _? -No. lets go and have a look, maybe we can help them. A. what was happening there B. what are they doing there C. what are they talking there D. what is happening there15. -I wonder if he _ us in the discussion tonight.-I believe if he _ his homework, he will join us.A. will join, will finish B. will join, finishes C. joins, finishes D. joins, will finish16. I want to write to Sam, but I dont know _.A. where is his e-mail address B. where his e-mail address isC. what place is his e-mail address D. what his e-mail address is17. -What did the teacher say just now?-He said that the earth_ round the sun.A. go B. goes C. going D. will go18. They asked me _during the May Day holidays.A. where had I gone B. where I had been C. where had I been D. where I had gone19. -Are you sure you have to? Its been very late.-I dont know _ I can do it if not now.A. where B. why C. when D. how20. -Do you know _? -Im not sure. Maybe he is a businessman.A. who he is B. who is he C. what he does D. what does he do E.what is he21. -Can you guess if they _ to play basketball with us! -I think theyll come if they _ free.A. will come, will be B. will come, are C. come, are D. come, will be22. This morning my mother asked me _.A. why he is not here B. how did my brother do it C. what time is it D. what Judy did over the weekend23. -Where does he come from? -Pardon?-I asked where _.A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from24. I dont know _ my sister loves the MP3 _ not.A. if, but B. whether, but C. if, or D. whether, or25. I wanted to know _.A. what did he say B. why she went to bed late C. why does she go to bed late D. why she goes to bed late26. Please ask our aunt _.A. what is wrong with her B. where shall we live C. why she did that for D. what is her father27. He said the sun _ round. A. was B. are C. is D. were28. Does anybody know if _ to Shenzhen in the morning next Saturday? A. is there a flight B. th