linux VNCserver配置方法.doc

linux VNCserver配置 (linux 远程桌面)目前linux系统都自带VNC在Linux操作系统最流行的图形化操作软件是VNC,正如windows下的mstsc远程桌面，在大多数 Linux 发行版都带了 VNC Server 的发行包,通过rpm -qa|grep vnc检查，若没有，下载rpm包进行安装即可.1.rootlocalhost # rpm -qa|grep vncvnc-4.1.2-14.el5_3.1vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_3.12.启动服务器端的VNC 服务rootlocalhost # /etc/init.d/vncserver startStarting VNC server: OK 目前linux系统都自带VNC,不用安装启动VNCrootlocalhost # service vncservice restart3.运行 vncserver 命令，如果第一次配置 VNC Server，会要求提供登录 VNC 使用的密码。以后也可以使用 vncpasswd 来修改密码。rootlocalhost # vncserverYou will require a password to access your desktops.Password:Verify:New localhost.localdomain:1 (root) desktop is localhost.localdomain:1Creating default startup script /root/.vnc/xstartupStarting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartupLog file is /root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:1.log4.修改配置文件 /root/.vnc/xstartuprootlocalhost # cat /root/.vnc/xstartup ，如下两行的注释去掉.#!/bin/sh# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop: unset SESSION_MANAGER exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc -x /etc/vnc/xstartup & exec /etc/vnc/xstartup -r $HOME/.Xresources & xrdb $HOME/.Xresourcesxsetroot -solid greyvncconfig -iconic &xterm -geometry 8024+10+10 -ls -title “$VNCDESKTOP Desktop” &twm &5.在 Windows 使用 VNC Viewer 登录了输入服务器地址：ip:1然后提示输入密码，输入你刚才设定的密码就好了.注意：IP 地址后面的 :1 的意思是 Linux 上面 VNC 设定的 Display No. 每运行一个 vncserver 就会多创建一个 Display，Display No 也就会加1。6.在 SSH终端中输入 vncserver，让 VNC 打开一个新的 Displayrootlocalhost # vncserver New localhost.localdomain:2 (root) desktop is localhost.localdomain:2Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartupLog file is /root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:2.log附一些常见的问题：VNC Viewer下载地址:/source/1080853以后如果服务器重新启动过，就要重新输入 vncserver 后才能登录。如果服务器一直没有重启过，就不用了。如果要杀掉 vncserver 进程，可执行 vncserver :1 kill ，1表示 display 的 ID 号。(1) 重设VNC密码rootlocalhost # vncpasswdPassword:Verify:(2) 启动和kill vncserverrootlocalhost # vncserver :23 New localhost.localdomain:23 (root) desktop is localhost.localdomain:23Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartupLog file is /root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:23.log如下:kill display 的 ID 1,1的pid是:6653rootlocalhost # ps -auxwf|grep vnc|grep -v grepWarning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus -? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.7/FAQroot 6653 0.0 1.3 13660 6836 pts/0 S 04:44 0:00 Xvnc :1 -desktop localhost.localdomain:1 (root) -httpd /usr/share/vnc/classes -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024768 -depth 16 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5901 -pnroot 6661 0.0 0.2 4276 1304 pts/0 S 04:44 0:00 vncconfig -iconicroot 6716 0.1 2.1 20972 11276 pts/0 S 04:51 0:01 Xvnc :2 -desktop localhost.localdomain:2 (root) -httpd /usr/share/vnc/classes -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024768 -depth 16 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5902 -pnroot 6936 0.4 2.1 20856 11116 pts/0 S 05:06 0:00 Xvnc :23 -desktop localhost.localdomain:23 (root) -httpd /usr/share/vnc/classes -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024768 -depth 16 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5923 -pnrootlocalhost # kill -9 6653rootlocalhost # ps -auxwf|grep vnc|grep -v grepWarning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus -? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.7/FAQroot 6716 0.1 2.1 20972 11276 pts/0 S 04:51 0:01 Xvnc :2 -desktop localhost.localdomain:2 (root) -httpd /usr/share/vnc/classes -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024768 -depth 16 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5902 -pnroot 6936 0.3 2.1 20856 11116 pts/0 S 05:06 0:00 Xvnc :23 -desktop localhost.localdomain:23 (root) -httpd /usr/share/vnc/classes -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024768 -depth 16 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5923 -pn当然，vncserver -kill :2也可以了，rootlocalhost # vncserver -kill :2Killing Xvnc process ID 6716rootlocalhost # ps -auxwf|grep vnc|grep -v grepWarning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus -? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.7/FAQroot 6936 0.2 2.1 20856 11116 pts/0 S 05:06 0:00 Xvnc :23 -desktop localhost.localdomain:23 (root) -httpd /usr/share/vnc/classes -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024768 -depth 16 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5923 -pn（3）重新启动一个手动kill的vncserverrootlocalhost # vncserver :1Warning: localhost.localdomain:1 is taken because of /tmp/.X1-lockRemove this file if there is no X server localhost.localdomain:1A VNC server is already running as :1rootlocalhost # rm -rf /tmp/.X1-lockrootlocalhost # vncserver :1 Warning: localhost.localdomain:1 is taken because of /tmp/.X11-unix/X1Remove this file if there is no X server localhost.localdomain:1A VNC server is already running as :1rootlocalhost # rm -rf /tmp/.X11-unix/X1rootlocalhost # vncserver :1 New localhost.localdomain:1 (root) desktop is localhost.localdomain:1Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartupLog file is /root/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:1.logrootlocalhost #rootlocalhost # ps -auxwf|grep vnc|grep -v grepWarning: bad syntax, perhaps a bogus -? See /usr/share/doc/procps-3.2.7/FAQroot 6936 0.0 2.4 22296 12680 pts/0 S 05:06 0:00 Xvnc :23 -desktop localhost.localdomain:23 (root) -httpd /usr/share/vnc/classes -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024768 -depth 16 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5923 -pnroot 7337 1.0 2.1 20252 10856 pts/0 S 05:19 0:00 Xvnc :1 -desktop localhost.localdomain:1 (root) -httpd /usr/share/vnc/classes -auth /root/.Xauthority -geometry 1024768 -depth 16 -rfbwait 30000 -rfbauth /root/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5901 -pn说明:因是手动删除的，所以也要把.lock删除掉，才能重新启动了.(4).VNC服务使用的端口号与桌面号的关系 VNC服务使用的端口号与桌面号相关，VNC使用TCP端口从5900开始，对应关系如下 桌面号为“1” - 端口号为5901 桌面号为“2” - 端口号为5902 桌面号为“3” - 端口号为5903 基于Java的VNC客户程序Web服务TCP端口从5800开始，也是与桌面号相关，对应关系如下 桌面号为“1” - 端口号为5801 桌面号为“2” - 端口号为5802 桌面号为“3” - 端口号为5803 基于上面的介绍，如果Linux开启了防火墙功能，就需要手工开启相应的端口，以开启桌面号为“1”相应的端口为例，命令如下 rootlocalhost# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp dport 5901 -j ACCEPT rootlocalhost # iptables -I INPUT -p tcp dport 5801 -j ACCEPT(5)配置VNC图形桌面环境为KDE或GNOME桌面环境rootlocalhost # cat /root/.vnc/xstartup#!/bin/sh# Uncomment the following two lines for normal desktop: unset SESSION_MANAGER exec /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc -x /etc/vnc/xstartup & exec /etc/vnc/xstartup -r $HOME/.Xresources & xrdb $HOME/.Xresourcesxsetroot -solid greyvncconfig -iconic &xterm -geometry 8024+10+10 -ls -title “$VNCDESKTOP Desktop” &twm &将这个xstartup文件的最后一行修改为“startkde &”，再重新启动vncserver服务后就可以登陆到KDE桌面环境将这个xstartup文件的最后一行修改为“gnome-session &”，再重新启动vncserver服务后就可以登陆到GNOME桌面环境重新启动vncserver服务的方法：rootlocalhost # vncserv