数学符号大全.doc

数学符号读法及常用符号英文(超全)( 阿而法)( 贝塔)(伽马）（德尔塔）（艾普西龙）（截塔）（艾塔） （西塔） 约塔） （卡帕）（兰姆达） （米尤） （纽） （可系） （奥密克戎） （派） （若） （西格马） （套） （英文或拉丁字母）（斐） （喜） （普西） （欧米伽）更全面：1 alpha a:lf 阿尔法 角度；系数2 beta bet 贝塔 磁通系数；角度；系数3 gamma ga:m 伽马 电导系数（小写）4 delta delt 德尔塔 变动；密度；屈光度5 epsilon epsilon 伊普西龙 对数之基数6 zeta zat 截塔 系数；方位角；阻抗；相对粘度；原子序数7 eta eit 艾塔 磁滞系数；效率（小写）8 thet it 西塔 温度；相位角9 iot aiot 约塔 微小，一点儿10 kappa kap 卡帕 介质常数11 lambda lambd 兰布达波长（小写）；体积12 mu mju 缪 磁导系数；微（千分之一）；放大因数（小写）13 nu nju 纽 磁阻系数14 xi ksi 克西15 omicron omikron 奥密克戎16 pi pai 派 圆周率=圆周直径=3.141617 rho rou 肉 电阻系数（小写）18 sigma sigma 西格马 总和（大写），表面密度；跨导（小写）19 tau tau 套 时间常数20 upsilon jupsilon 宇普西龙 位移21 phi fai 佛爱 磁通；角22 chi phai 西23 psi psai 普西 角速；介质电通量（静电力线）；角24 omega omiga 欧米伽 欧姆（大写）；角速（小写）；角希腊字母读法：阿尔法 Alpha：贝塔 Beta：伽玛 Gamma：德尔塔 Delte：艾普西龙 Epsilon ：捷塔 Zeta：依塔 Eta：西塔 Theta：艾欧塔 Iota：喀帕 Kappa：拉姆达 Lambda：缪 Mu：拗 Nu：克西 Xi：欧麦克轮 Omicron：派 Pi：柔 Rho：西格玛 Sigma：套 Tau：宇普西龙 Upsilon：fai Phi：器 Chi：普赛 Psi：欧米伽 Omega希腊字母怎么打打开Office文档之后，在你需要输入希腊字母的时候，先将输入法切换为英文状态，然后同时按下三个键Ctrl+Shift+Q ，工具栏上的“字体”就会发生变化此刻，你再对照下表输入a,b,c即可得到您想要的希腊字母。注意，大小写状态时所代表的希腊字母也会有大小写区分的哦！dash 破折号 single quotation marks 单引号“ ”double quotation marks 双引号( )parentheses 圆括号 square brackets 方括号 French quotes 法文引号；书名号.ellipsis 省略号tandem colon 双点号ditto 同上parallel 双线号virgule 斜线号ampersand = andswung dash 代字号section; division 分节号arrow 箭号；参见号plus 加号；正号minus 减号；负号plus or minus 正负号is multiplied by 乘号is divided by 除号is equal to 等于号is not equal to 不等于号is equivalent to 全等于号is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号is approximately equal to 约等于号is less than 小于号is more than 大于号is not less than 不小于号is not more than 不大于号is less than or equal to 小于或等于号is more than or equal to 大于或等于号per cent 百分之per mill 千分之infinity 无限大号varies as 与成比例(square) root 平方根since; because 因为hence 所以equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例angle 角semicircle 半圆circle 圆circumference 圆周pi 圆周率triangle 三角形perpendicular to 垂直于union of 并，合集intersection of 交，通集the integral of 的积分(sigma) summation of 总和degree 度minute 分second 秒number 号Celsius system 摄氏度at 单价( 阿而法)( 贝塔)(伽马）（德尔塔）（艾普西龙）（截塔）（艾塔） （西塔） 约塔） （卡帕）（兰姆达） （米尤） （纽） （可系） （奥密克戎） （派） （若） （西格马） （套） （英文或拉丁字母）（斐） （喜） （普西） （欧米伽）各种符号的英文读法exclam!atnumbersign#dollar$percent%caretampersand&asterisk*parenleft(parenright)minus-underscore_equal=plus+bracketleftbraceleftbracketrightbracerightsemicolon;colon:quotedoublequotebackquotetildebackslashbar|comma,lessslash/question?space hyphen 连字符 apostrophe 省略号；所有格符号 dash 破折号 single quotation marks 单引号“ ”double quotation marks 双引号( ) parentheses 圆括号 square brackets 方括号Angle bracket Brace French quotes 法文引号；书名号. ellipsis 省略号 tandem colon 双点号 ditto 同上 parallel 双线号 virgule 斜线号 ampersand = and swung dash 代字号 section; division 分节号 arrow 箭号；参见号 plus 加号；正号 minus 减号；负号 plus or minus 正负号 is multiplied by 乘号 is divided by 除号 is equal to 等于号 is not equal to 不等于号 is equivalent to 全等于号 is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号 is approximately equal to 约等于号 is less than 小于号 is more than 大于号 is not less than 不小于号 is not more than 不大于号 is less than or equal to 小于或等于号 is more than or equal to 大于或等于号 per cent 百分之 per mill 千分之 infinity 无限大号 varies as 与成比例 (square) root 平方根 since; because 因为 hence 所以 equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例 angle 角 semicircle 半圆 circle 圆 circumference 圆周 pi 圆周率 triangle 三角形 perpendicular to 垂直于 union of 并，合集 intersection of 交，通集 the integral of 的积分 (sigma) summation of 总和 degree 度 minute 分 second 秒 number 号 Celsius system 摄氏度 at 单价x是x prime(比如转置矩阵)x是x double-prime常用英文数学式/符号的读法Pronunciation of Numerals 数词的读法-1.Cardinals and Ordinals 基数和序数(1)100以内的数词基数 序数Roman ArabicNumerals Numerals罗马数字 阿拉伯数字读法 数码 读法I 1 one 1st the firstII 2 two 2nd the secondIII 3 three 3rd the thirdIV 4 four 4th the fourthV 5 five 5th the fifthVI 6 six 6th the sixthVII 7 seven 7th the seventhVIII 8 eight 8th the eighthIX 9 nine 9th the ninthX 10 ten 10th the tenthXI 11 eleven 11th the eleventhXII 12 twelve 12th the twelfthXIII 13 thirteen 13th the thirteenthXIV 14 fourteen 14th the fourteenthXV 15 fifteen 15th the fifteenthXVI 16 sixteen 16th the sixteenthXVII 17 seventeen 17th the seventeenthXVIII 18 eighteen 18th the eighteenthXIX 19 nineteen 19th the nineteenthXX 20 twenty 20th the twentiethXXI 21 twenty-one 21st the twenty-firstXXV 25 twenty-five 25th the twenty-fifthXXX 30 thirty 30th the thirtiethXL 40 forty 40th the fortiethL 50 fifty 50th the fiftiethLX 60 sixty 60th the sixtiethLXX 70 seventy 70th the seventiethLXXX 80 eighty 80th the eightiethXC 90 ninety 90th the ninetiethIC 99 ninety-nine 99th the ninety-ninthC 100 one hundred 100th the hundredthCII 102 a hundred 102nd the (one) hundredand two and second246 two hundred and forty-six751 seven hundred and fifty-one(2)1000以上的数词1,000 = one thousand 一千10,000 = ten thousand 一万100,000 = one hundred thousand 十万1,000,000 = one million 一百万10,000,000 = ten million 一千万100,000,000=one hundred million 一亿(3)十亿以上的大数，英美有不同的读法：英国 美国十亿 one thousand million = one billion百亿 ten thousand million = ten billion千亿 one hundred thousand million = one hundred billion万亿 one billion = one trillion2.Fractions 分数通常将分子读为基数，将分母读为序数。1/2 = a (or one) half1/3 = a (or one) third1/4 = a quarter or one fouth1/5 = a (or one) fifth2/3 = two thirds9/10 = nine tenths53/4 = five and three quarters15/64= fifteen over (or by) sixty-four15% = fifteen per cent4 = four per mill3.Decimals 小数0.4 = zero (or nought) point four.01 = point (or decimal) nought one12.34 = twelve point three four567.809 = five hundred and sixty-seven point eight nought nine30.45 = thirty point four five, five recurring0.3% = decimal three percent4.Mathematic Forms 数学式(1) Addition 加法1+2=3 One and two are three.2+3=5 Two plus three equals five.4+0=4 Four and nought is equal to four.45+70+152=267 45,70 and 152 added are (or make) 267the sum (or total) is 267.演算时的读法： Three and seven are ten; I write(or I write down,or I put down)a noughtand carry one. Four and one that I carry are five, and eight make thirteen,and threesixteen; I write down six and carry one. One and one (that I carry) are two; I put downtwo.- The sum (or total, or the result of the addition) is two hundred and sixty. 37,80and 143 added together, and(or make) 260.(2)Subtraction 减法9-4=5 Nine minus four equals (or is equal to) five.15-7=8 Seven from fifteen leaves eight.23,654-8,175=15,479 8,175 (take or subtracted) from 23,654 leaves 15,479. The difference(or The remainder) is 15,479.Nine from five wont go.演算时的读法：Nought from nought (leaves) nought. One from one leaves nought (or nothing).Two from three (leaves) one. I cant take (or subtract) five from four; I must borrow ten;five from fourteen leaves nine.- The difference (or The remainder) is nine thousand onehundred. 5210 (take or substracted) from 14,310 leaves 9,100.(3)Multiplication 乘法10=0 One multiplied by nought equals nought.11=1 Once one is one.21=2 Twice one is two.35=15 Three times five is fifteen60=0 Multiply six by nothing, and the result is nothing.演算时的读法: Five times nine (or Nine multiplied by five) are forty-five; I put down fiveand carry four. Five times seven are thirty-five and four (that I carry) are thirty-nine; I writedown nine and carry three. Five times six make thirty and three (that I carry) thirty-three; I putdown thirty-three.Eight times nine (or Eight nine) are seven two; I write two and carry seven. Eight sevens makefifty-six and seven are sixty-three. I put down three and carry six. Eight sixes make forty-eightand six fifty-four; I write down fifty-four.I now add the partial results (or products) Five. Two and nine are eleven. Three and three aresix and one are seven. Four and three make seven. Five.(4)Division 除法93=3 Nine divided by three maks (or is equal to) three.205=4 Five into twenty goes four times.456723=198余13 23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder.The quctient is 198, and 13 remainder.演算时的读法: Fifteen into thirteen wont go ; fifteen into one hundred and thirty-eight goes ninetimes; nine times fifteen are one hundred and threty-five; one hundred and thirty-five from one hundredand thirty-eight leaves three; I bring down seven; fifteen into thirty-seven goes twice; twice fifteenare thirty; thirty from thirty-seven leaves seven.The (exact) quotient is ninety-two, and seven remainder; 15 into 1387 goes 92 times, and 7 remainder.5.Time 时间(1)Hours 钟点2h.58 = two hours five minutes eight seconds 2小时5分8秒6.18 = six eighteen 6时18分8.30 a.m.= eight thirty a.m.ei em 上午8时30分the 6.05 p.m.train = the six (nought) five p.m.pi:em train 下午6时零5分列车又二十四小时混合制的写法和读法如下：0900 = 0 nine hunderd (上午)9时0910 = 0 nine ten (上午)9时10分1300 = thirteen hundred 13时(下午1时)1525 = fifteen twenty-five 15时25分(下午3时25分)2000 = twenty hundred 20时(下午8时)at 5 oc =at five oclock 五点钟(2)Date 日期Oct.1 =October first 10月1日Oct.1st = October the first 10月1日Ist Oct. 1949 = teh first of October, nineteen forty-nine 1949年10月1日3/5 = 英May (the) third 5月3日；美March fifth 3月5日附注联系日期前置词用on.(3)Year 年份684 B.C. =Six eighty-four B.C. bi:si: 公元前684年1960 = nineteen sixty; nineteen hundred and sixty19- nineteen something1950s nineteen fifties 二十世纪五十年代附注联系年份的前置词用in.6.Numbers 号码(1)Telephones Numbers电话号码1023 = one O two three; ten twenty-three1227 = one double two (or two two) seven0386 = O three eight six0096 = double O(or O O )nine six7000 = seven O double O = seven thousandNo.26= Number 26 第26号Room 201 = Room two O one 第201房间10 Changan Street = Ten Changan Street 长安街10号(2)Writings 书籍作品Vol.I = Volume one (or the first volume) 卷一Chap.II= Chapter two (or the second chapter) 第2章Page 3 = page Three (or the third page) 第3页See pp.5-10 = See Pages five to ten 见第5-10页Act V = Act five (or the fifth act) 第5幕Hamlet III 1:56 = Hamlet Act Three, Secene One.Line fifty-six 哈姆雷特第3幕第一场第56行Matt.7:12 = Matthew, Chapter Seven, Verse Twelve 马可福音第七章第12节Beethoven Op.49 = Beethoven Opus forty-nine 贝多芬作品第49号4to = quarto 四本开 8vo = octavo 八本开(3)Other 其他World War I = World War One 第一次世界大战World War II = World War Two 第二次世界大战Charles I= Charles the First 查理一世Henry V = Henry the Fifth 亨利五世Mr.- = Mr. Dash; Mr. So-and-so 某某先生Mr.B - = Mr. B-Esq.,of -= the town of Blank Esquire of Blank University 某大学某某先生the town of = the town of Blank 某某城The result of the game was 3-0 比赛结果是三比零。7.Money 货币(1)British currency 英币6d. = six pence 六便士1/2d. = a halfpenny 半便士11/2d. = a peney halfpenny or three halfpeny or three halfpence一便士半1/4d. = a farthing 一个铜元33/4d.= three pence three farghings 三便士三铜元1s.6d.(or 1/6) = one (shilling) and six (pence) 一先令六便士1.18 = (or1.18s.)= one pound eighteen (shillings) 一镑十八先令1.3s.6d. = one pound, three shillings (and) sixpence4/51/2(or4s.51/2d.) = four (shillings) and five pence halfpenny(2)U.S. currency1.20 dollar (and) twenty (cents) 美金一元二角4.25 = four dollars twenty-five cents 美金四元二角五分(3)Soviet currency 前苏联币6 Rb. 15 = six roubles fifteen kopecks 六卢布十五戈比(4) German currency 德币1 m. 60 = one mark sixty pfennig -马克六十芬尼(5)French currency 法国币1 fr.30 = one franc. thirty (centimes) -法郎三十生丁0 fr.15 = fifteen centimes 十五生丁(6) Chinese Peoples Currency 人民币1.50 = one yuan and a half 一元五角JMP 10.35 = JMP ten yuan thirty-five (fen) 人民币十元三角五分附注：yuan单复数没有变化：也可作为日本本位币“圆”的符号。8. Weight and Measures 度量衡(1)length,area, and volume 长度、面积和容积3 in = three inches 三英寸15 ft.5 in = fifteen foot five (inches) 十五英尺五英寸附注 尤其在inches省略时, ft.读作foot;如果inches也念出来，ft可以读作fett.186 5/1= eighteen foot six and a fifth (inches)108feet= ten by eight feet 十英尺长，八英尺宽5431/2 = five inches by four by three and a half 长五英寸，宽四英寸，高三英寸半附注 以上二例中，乘号表示面积或容积。(2)Weight 重量12 dr. 23 gr.= Twelve drams twenty-three grains 十二打兰二十三喱10 oz. 4 dr. = Ten ounces four drams 十盎司打兰(3)Capacity 容量3 gi. = three gills 三及耳1 qt. 1 pt = one quart one pint 一夸脱一品脱附注 qt.,pt. 的复数是qts.,pts.,也可以不加s.20 gal. 5 qt. =Twenty gallons five quarts 二十加仑五夸脱5 bu. 3 pk. = Five bushels three pecks 五蒲式耳三配克+ plus加号；正号- minus减号；负号plus or minus正负号is multiplied by乘号is divided by除号is equal to等于号is not equal to不等于号is equivalent to全等于号is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号is approximately equal to约等于号is less than小于号is more than大于号is not less than 不小于号is not more than 不大于号is less than or equal to小于或等于号is more than or equal to大于或等于号% per cent百分之per mill千分之infinity无限大号varies as与成比例(square) root平方根since; because因为hence所以equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例angle角semicircle半圆circle圆circumference圆周pi 圆周率triangle三角形perpendicular to垂直于union of并，合集intersection of 交，通集the integral of 的积分(sigma) summation of总和degree度minute分second秒Celsius system摄氏度open brace, open curly左花括号close brace, close curly右花括号(open parenthesis, open paren左圆括号)close parenthesis, close paren右圆括号() brakets/ parentheses括号open bracket 左方括号close bracket 右方括号 square brackets方括号.period, dot句号，点|vertical bar, vertical virgule竖线& amp;ampersand, and, reference, ref和，引用*asterisk, multiply, star, pointer星号，乘号，星，指针/slash, divide, oblique 斜线，斜杠，除号/slash-slash, comment 双斜线，注释符#pound井号backslash, sometimes escape反斜线转义符，有时表示转义符或续行符tilde波浪符.full stop句号,comma逗号:colon冒号;semicolon分号?question mark问号!exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语)apostrophe撇号-hyphen连字号- dash 破折号.dots/ ellipsis省略号single quotation marks 单引号double quotation marks 双引号 parallel 双线号swung dash 代字号section; division 分节号arrow 箭号；参见号符号名称定义举例读法数学领域=等号x=y表示x和y是相同的东西或其值相等。1+ 1= 2等于所有领域不等号xy表示x和y不是相同的东西或其值不相等。12不等于所有领域严格不等号xy表示x大于y。34小于，大于序理论不等号xy表示x小于或等于y。xy表示x大于或等于y。34；5554；55小于等于，大于等于序理论+加号6 + 3 表示 6 加 3。6 + 3 = 9加算术减号63 表示 6 减 3。63 = 3减算术负号3 表示 3 的负数。(5) = 5负算术补集AB表示包含所有属于A但不属于B的元素的集合。1,2,41,3,4= 2减集合论乘号63 表示 6 乘以 3。63 = 18乘以算术直积XY表示所有第一个元素属于X，第二个元素属于Y的有序对的集合。1,23,4 = (1,3),(1,4),(2,3),(2,4) 和的直积集合论向量积uv表示向量u和v的向量积。(1,2,5)(3,4,1) = (22, 16,2)向量积向量代数/除号63 或 6 / 3 表示 6 除以 3 或 3 除 6。63 = 212/4 = 3除以算术根号表示其平方为x的正数。的平方根实数复根号若用极坐标表示复数z=rexp(i)（满足 -），则z=rexp(i/2)。的平方根复数|绝对值|x| 表示实数轴（或复平面）上x和0的距离。|3| = 3, |-5| = |5|i| = 1, |3+4i| = 5的绝对值数!阶乘n! 表示连乘积 12n。4! = 1234 = 24的阶乘组合论概率分布X D表示随机变量X概率分布为D。X N(0,1)：标准正态分布满足分布统计学实质蕴涵AB表示A真则B也真；A假则B不定。可能和一样，或者有下面将提到的函数的意思。可能和一样，或者有下面将提到的父集的意思。x= 2x2= 4 为真，但x2= 4 x= 2 一般情况下为假（因为x可以是2）。推出，若则 命题逻辑实质等价AB表示A真则B真，A假则B假。x+ 5=y+2x+ 3=y当且仅当命题逻辑逻辑非命题A为真当且仅当A为假。将一条斜线穿过一个符号相当于将 放在该符号前面。(A)Axy(x=y)非，不命题逻辑逻辑与或交运算若A为真且B为真，则命题AB为真；否则为假。n2n= 3，当n是自然数与命题逻辑，格理论逻辑或或并运算若A或B（或都）为真，则命题AB为真；若两者都假则命题为假。n4n2n3，当n是自然数或命题逻辑，格理论异或若A和B刚好有一个为真，则命题AB为真。AB的意义相同。(A)A恒为真，AA恒为假。异或命题逻辑，布尔代数全称量词x:P(x) 表示P(x) 对于所有x为真。nN:n2n对所有；对任意；对任一谓词逻辑存在量词x:P(x) 表示存在至少一个x使得P(x) 为真。nN:n为偶数存在谓词逻辑!唯一量词!x:P(x) 表示有且仅有一个x使得P(x) 为真。!nN:n+ 5= 2n存在唯一谓词逻辑:=:定义x:=y或xy表示x定义为y的一个名字（注意：也可表示其它意思，例如全等）。P:Q表示P定义为Q的逻辑等价。coshx:= (1/2)(expx+ exp(x)AXORB:(AB)(AB)定义为所有领域 , 集合括号a,b,c 表示a,b,c组成的集合。N= 0,1,2,的集合集合论: | 集合构造记号x:P(x) 表示所有满足P(x)