研究生英语多维教程(谙熟)翻译与改错答案.docx

Unit 11. 当今的大学生，尽管他们努力地想使自己成才，但对未来还是很模糊的。(establish oneself)Todays university students are struggling to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future. 2. 一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能实现他的自我价值。所以，理想的本科教育必须使学生超越自我。(transcend)A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond hi. So the idealism of the undergraduate experience must help the student transcend himself. 3. 我们强烈地希望在大学所学到的知识在今后的工作与学习中能起到重要的作用。(reveal oneself)We eagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves in our performance in the workplace and further education. 4. 四年的本科学习是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的.(go unchallenged)It cannot go unchallenged to say that the 4-year undergraduate experience is the only path to success in life. 5. 在对一个关键的问题作结论时，如果只相信所谓的专家而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果，不根据实验的数据，那是在冒险。(run the risk of；blind faith in)We run the risk of making critical decisions, not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data of experiments, but on the basis of blind faith in professed experts. 6. 我们的事业需要一批受过良好教育又能关心他人的年轻人，他们能团结一致，相互学习，积极参加四化建设。(band together; participate in)Our task needs a large group of well-informed, caring young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four modernizations. 7. 如果这所新学校要有生命力的话，它培养的学生不仅要有扎实的基础和熟练的专业技能，还要有奉献精神。(be to endure; commit oneself)If it is to endure, the new school should help the students not only acquire a solid basic education and become competent in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others. 8. 如果大学生对考试过于投人，就有可能把能力与奉献放到次要的地位，这样说一点也不过分。(push to the fringes)It is not too much to say that if undergraduates excessively devote themselves to examinations, the will push competence and commitment to the fringes. 9. 我甚至没有跟他说话，当然更不用说与他讨论有关你们学校的改建问题。(much less)I didnt even speak to him; much less discuss the reconstruction of your school with him.10. 有人认为考试是很重要的，但也有人认为考试有不少弊端。所以考试留下了一个未能解决的问题考试对教育有什么影响?(open question)Some people think examinations are second to none, but some think examinations have a lot of disadvantages. Examinations leave us an open essential question - what influence do examinations exert on education?Unit21.他不但是位出色的银行家和公认的贸易专家，而且还是位经验丰富的企业主管。 (not to mention)He is an experienced banker and an acknowledged trade expert, not to mention an excellent managing director.2.意大利一个和平组织的志愿者不顾危险，已开赴伊拉克首都巴格达，组成“人体盾牌”，已阻止美国轰炸该地。(regardless of)Regardless of danger, volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad, the capital of Iraq, to form a body shield for the purpose of preventing the US from bombing the place.3.在这个家庭里，没有人比朱蒂更能致力于经营房地产生意。(be dedicated to)Nobody in the family is more dedicated to operating the real estate business than Judy.4.由于经济不景气，房地产经纪人正处于或降低房价或减少销售量的两难境地。(dilemma)Because of the economic depression, real estate agents are in the dilemma of whether to lower prices or let sales fall off.5.史密斯先生往往靠慎重投资而获取巨额利润。(more often than not)More often than not, Mr. Smith earns great profits by careful investment of his capital.6.约翰在学校里各门功课的成绩都不怎么样，但在体育方面倒是身手不凡。(excel at)John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school, but he excelled at sports.7.有条不紊的职责交接是家庭企业长期繁荣的一个条件。(transition; longrange)Orderly transition of responsibilities is a condition for the long-range prosperity of a family business.8.在制定投资计划之前，你最好对投资前景有个清楚地了解。(have a clear picture of)You had better have a clear picture of prospects before formulating a plan for investment.9.尽管雕塑费时，但是仍有一些人以雕塑为职业。(timeconsuming)Although sculpture is a time-consuming art, there are still some people following it as a profession.10.这家电脑软件公司正处于从独资经营到合资经营的转化过程中。(in tie midst of)The software company is in the midst of being transformed from an individual proprietorship to a joint venture.Unit31.汽车诞生后发展很快，不久就替代了马。(displace)The automobile was improved very rapidly after it was invented and soon displaced horses。2.由于汽车污染环境并严重伤害人体，甚至杀人，我们可能不得不削减私人拥有汽车的数量而更多地依赖公共交通系统。(mass transit systems)We may have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and depend more on public mass transit systems because cars pollute and maim or even kill people。3.汽车轮子给我们带来了更好，更为便利的交通时，它也应对诸如空气污染、交通事故、交通拥挤之类的许多问题负责。(be guilty of)While wheels (automobiles) have brought with them better or more convenient transportation, they are guilty of many sins, such as air pollution, traffic accidents and traffic congestion。4.美国人对汽车的热爱以及他们较大的工作流动性是出了名的。(be noted for)Americans are noted for their love for cars and great job Mobility。5.要是燃料质量和效率的提高和技术的进步能大大减少汽车的排放量，那该多好啊。(if only)If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emissions from automobiles。6.在美国，高度发达的公路网使在各地之间来来往往成为可能。(from coast to coast)A highly developed highway network has made possible the easy movement from coast to coast in the United States。7.一想到这条林荫大道的建设速度，参观者都感到很吃惊：这条路不久前还在开挖及铺设排水管。(the very thought of, tear up)The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor; the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain-pipes not long ago。8.环境保护主义者严厉谴责了汽车，认为汽车是产生空气污染的主要因素。(denounce)Environmentalists have denounced automobiles, believing they are a major factor in the production of dirty air.9.由于有便利的公共交通，在大都市的市郊，许多新建的住宅群拔地而起。(rise up, complex)Many new residential complexes have risen up in the suburbs of metropolitan cities because of the availability of convenient public transportation.10.尽管非常喜欢汽车，许多人还是相信广泛地使用公共交通系统能缓解交通拥挤。(lend credence to)Despite their love for cars, many people lend credence to the extensive use of the public transport system, which can cut down on traffic congestion。Unit41.一些职业观察家认为，现在的年轻人不再对政治和事业感兴趣；他们越来越关注与他们自身关系更为密切的问题。(preoccupied with)Some professional observers believe that young people today are no longer interested in politics and causes, but rather, have become increasingly preoccupied with issues closer to themselves.2.一个妇女所获得的教育程度越高，就越有可能走出小家庭这个环境，到社会上去实现自我。(be likely to, realize oneself)The higher a womans educational attainment, the more likely she is to go out of the private setting of the nuclear family and to realize herself in the community.3.就我而言，一些已婚夫妇做出选择不要小孩的真正原因是他们非常自恋，以致于他们没有多余的爱给别人。(start a family, lie behind, have no margin of, spare)As far as I am concerned，what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and have no margin of love to spare others.4.这家公司甚至在未征求发明人同意的情况下，就将其一项注册过的新发明投放市场。这一行为违反了专利法。(go against)The company put on the market a registered invention even without asking the inventors permission，which goes against the patent law.5.在一些国家的敦促下，联合国对该国施加压力，迫使其放弃研制和使用核武器。(pressure sb to do)Urged by some other countries, the United Nations has pressured the country to give up developing and using nuclear weapons.6.按照每个会员必须是无子女的这一规定，怀特先生及其太太只好退出Non-Parent协会，因为他们很快就要当父母了。(alternative, parenthood)According to the rule that every member should remain childless，Mr. And Ms white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non-Parent Association，for they will attain parenthood soon.7.他期望通过上演一部肥皂剧来揭示现实生活所固有的复杂性。(implicit)He expects to reveal, by presenting a soap opera, the complexity implicit in real life.8.几乎在每个国家，嗜用麻醉品、酗酒和摧残儿童都有变为最令人深思的社会问题的趋势。(loom as)In virtually every country, drug abuse, alcohol abuse and child abuse loom as most challenging social problems.9.在接受采访时，这些老年人合理解释了为什么会对当今年轻人产生矛盾心理的原因。(be ambivalent about, rationalize)When interviewed, these elderly people rationalized why they were ambivalent about todays young people.10.不少大学生更关心怎样在毕业后谋得一份报酬优厚的工作，怎样在这个充满竞争的社会里迅速得到提升。(be concerned with)Many college students are far more concerned with how to get a highly-paid job on graduation and how to receive a quick promotion in the competitive society.Unit51.总的来说，人变得越来越有同情心，不少家庭收养了来自市孤儿院的孤儿。(take in，orphanage)Generally, people have become more compassionate and quite a few families have taken in an orphan from the municipal orphanage.2.一个有工作的妇女既要照顾她的孩子和老人，又要设法保有这份工作，是一件非常困难的事情。(hold down)It is a demanding task for a workingwoman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job.3.起先，我们对他们初次在异国他乡生活感到担忧，但是结果他们在那个国家生活得相当不错。(work out)At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country but things there worked out much better for them.4.今天，中年人的孩子比他们父母的孩子要少得多，40年后人口老化问题可能成为他们孩子的沉重负担。(weigh on)Todays middle-aged people have fewer children than their parents did and the aging population problem may weigh on them in about 40 years.5.希望目前的教育改革能为学生更好地迎接社会的挑战作好准备。(set up)It is hoped that the current reform in education will better set students up to meet the challenges from society。6.政府想把一部分健康护理的负担转嫁给个人，但是家庭成员并不总是有空的，因为他们不能离开工作来照顾生病的老人。(break away from)The government intends to transfer some of the health-care burden to the individual family but family members are not always available for the task because they cannot break away from their jobs to look after the sick elderly。7.对养老院床位的需求越来越大，我们不得不想尽一切办法腾出床位。(free up)There is an increasing demand for beds in the nursing home， and we have to try every possible means to free them up.8.随着该国老年人的日益增多，为医疗保健和养老金提供资金可能使政府感动恐慌。(scare the devil out of)With the large elderly population in this country，financing of health care and pensions could care the devil out of the government.9.这对年轻夫妇不得不作出牺牲，以避免使他们年迈的慈父伤心。(let down)The young couple has to make some sacrifice to avoid letting their old beloved father down。10.他们在照顾年迈多病的老父时所经历的一切使他们更具有同情心并向养老院捐了款。(go through)What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compassionate, and they made a donation to the nursing home。Unit61、大多数自然资源保护者认为，在良好的生态环境中人类最易兴旺发达，而各种野生动物的生存法则是这种良好生态环境的标志。（conservationist,survial）Most conservationists believe that humans thrive best in ecological health and that the sign of this health is the survival of a diversity of wild animals.2、史密斯先生出示了大量的证据来表明：在某种程度上，如果我们破坏大自然，那就是毁灭我们自己。（diminish，to some extent）Mr. Smith produced abundant evidence to indicate that we, to some extent, diminish ourselves if we diminish nature.3、西方各国的许多城市已经转换到使用新的可减少污染含量的汽油，我们中国有些城市也已经这样做了。（be true of）Many cities in Western countries have switched to a new gasoline formula that reduces the pollution content. This is also true of some cities in China.4、正如英国诗人埃德蒙.斯宾塞在一首诗里描述的那样，大自然不仅是为母亲，而且是位法官，管辖并公正地对待人类和所有生物。（jurisdiction ,do justice to）As depicted in a poem written by the English poet Edmund Spenser, nature is not only a mother but a judge, having jurisdiction over and doing justice to all creatures5、政府的一项调查研究的出的结论是：除了过分拥挤和公共交通很差外，该市面临的最大问题是噪音和污染。(be up against)A government study concludes that besides overcrowding and poor public transport, the biggest problems the city is up against are noise and pollution.6、与所有其他动物不一样，人类具有根据自己的判断而行事的能力。（act on）Unlike all other creatures, humans have the ability to act on their judgment/ understanding.7、难道你不同意健康而无财富比有财富而不健康要好得多的这种说法吗？（be preferable to）Dont you agree with the statement that health without wealth is preferable to wealth without health?8、即使那些工业经济的拥护者也不得不公开承认：人类与大自然之间发生的任何冲突往往对双方都不利。（acknowledge,at the expense of）Even those defenders of industrial economy have to acknowledge openly that any conflict between humans and nature often occurs at the expense of both.9、如果你的朋友善意地指出你的一个缺点，你不仅要欣然接受，而且应当感谢。（point out）If your friend kindly points out a fault you have, take what is said not merely pleasantly, but thankfully.10、人与野生动物之间的差别之一就在于，前者能就他们改变自然的种类及规模做出明智的选择。(as to)One of the differences between humans and wild animals is that (or lies in that) the former can make a wise choice as to the kind and scale of the change they make to nature.改错部分一、1 Judging from the interest the public took in the matter,there must be quite a few people who secretly believe or hope that this “simple”explanation is the true one.2 According to Time magazine,a conference was held recently in which the participants tried to come up with an appropriate name for the age we live in.3 Creating and maintaining a healthy scientific culture is the aim of science management,and it involves tending to both the intellectual and the institutional conditions of basic resesrch.4 Now there is a lot of quarreling between people who uphold the truth of old weather rthymes and people who are reluctant to believe in them.5 Primarily,the banker-customer relationship is one of/is that of debtor and creditor-who is which depending on whether the customer”s account is in credit or is overdrawn. 6 Teenagers”acceptance of the idea that they must get a college degree stems partyly from the advice they get in high school.7 The Higher Eduacation Institute has found that students with a C average in high school were six times as likely to drop out of college as those with an A average.8 Piling up debts from students loans hurts those who never finish college or who finish but were unemployed.9 However, their ultimates success will require improvements in their academic preparation, as well as changes in the attitudes of parents, high schools and colleges.10 There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a persons true abilities.二、1. Book publishers find it even harder than Hollywood film producers to come up with new scripts and new stars that catch the public imagination.2. One reason why science is so respected these days is that the image of the scientist is of one who dispassionately collects data in an impartial search for truth.3. Burdened with a population that is aging quickly, eating badly, smoking too much, not taking enough exercise and suffering the consequence, Japans national health service is on the brink of bankruptcy.4. During the first year of his coalition government, Mr Jospin who made honesty a central theme of his campaign has appeared repeatedly to have gone back on his word.5. The theatre is mainly concentrated in London, where there are at least forty theatres functioning, and a successful play can continue to run for many months or even years.6. Daniel Yankelovich, a prominent opinion researcher, considers the most distinctive change in American values of the last twenty years to have been an increasing emphasis on the pursuit of self-fulfillment.7. No one would object to seeing these problems solved if the solutions were simple and inexpensive of effort and if we were fully in accord with social goals.8. Faced with rapid change and fear and uncertainty to go with it, individuals as well as nations sometimes seek to return to the ways of the past as a solution.9.The Great Society Democratic coalition was built from the top among the best educated and those most committed to expanding individual rights, and from the bottom among those with the lowest incomes and disadvantaged minority voters who faced widespread discrimination.10. The crowd, anxiously awaiting the arrival of the soccer team, pressed against the fence separating them from the playing field.三、1：It is absurd to spend more money on highways .the wise solution for overcrowded roads is public transportation.2：Americans have not thought their cities worthy of receiving financial support from the federal government.3:MR.fleming was surprised to see me sitting behind his desk. He gave me a startled look,then smiled and said “I didnt know you were in town”.4:His behaviour became more and more unusual until,just as his family was on the verge of sending him to a mental hospital,he recovered.5:Cancer of the mouth and throat is more likely to occur in heavy smokers and drinkers than in nonsmokers and nondrinkers.6:When peoper understand the importance of work,they lend their mental strengths But when they get excited about the work,all their energy gets poured into the job.7:Public opinion is still largely unaware of or indifferent to the need to preserve rare species,whether for cultural or for scientific reasons.8:The exponential growth of population and its attendant assault on the environment is so recent that it is difficult for people to conceive how much damage is being done.9:Because migration on a scale large enough to alleviate the pressure is out of the question,there are no other possibilities.10:The fundamental problem is that no one,not doctors,or social workers or even addicts themselves,really understands what it is that drivers a person to addiction.五、1. The greater the reputation of the business school ,the greater the risk that its graduates will rely on management theory instead of personal creativity2. Among men, the typical worker between the ages 45 and 54 has been with his present employer 12 years and about a third have been there 20 years or more.3. From the viewpoint of the insured person, an insurable risk is one for which the probability of loss is not so high as to require excessive premiums.4. The software is ideal for situation where companies need to keep an accurate track of which members of the staff have taken courses and how they perform on themselves.5. The absolute increase in population, coupled with such trend as urbanization and greater mobility, clearly presents serious threats, especially for the less developed countries.6. The greater American supermarket is a wonderful place with a much greater variety of healthy food than has ever been available before.7. Witnesses from the neighborhood find it difficult to explain why they didnt call the police.8. Acquiring education is the principal way of gaining status in a culture that generally stresses skillfulness and upward mobility.9. With the doctors encouragement, the patient took heart and pulled himself together to follow the doctors advice.10. The purpose of much of t