陕西省汉中市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（27）.doc

陕西汉中市2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解选练（27）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。something that has always interested me about abraham lincoln is, not surprisingly, his sense of humor. as far as i can tell, hes the first american president to have one. thats because the term“sense of humor”really wasnt in common usage until the eighteen sixties and seventies. in the eighteen forties and fifties, it was called“the sense of the ridiculous”, and didnt have the positive connotations(隐含意义)that“sense of humor”has today. back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule(讥笑). funniness and cruelty went hand in hand. of course, they still do a lot of arm-in-arm walking in our day as well. lincolns humor was very different because, for one thing, it was actually“humor”as what the word meant in his time. we dont make the distinction between“wit(风趣)”and“humor”anymore; but in the nineteenth century people did. wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic. its the difference we note now when we distinguish between“laughing with”and“laughing at”. lincoln was much more about“laughing with”than“laughing at”. and when“laughing at”, it was often himself he was teasing. in the famous lincoln-douglas debate, when douglas accused lincoln of being two-faced, lincoln replied, referencing his plain looking, “honestly, if i were two-faced, would i be showing you this one? ”and, in a way, lincolns face itself tells us much about his sense of humor. you can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians, soldiers, and the like from lincolns time and not find a single smile. true, the long exposures(曝光)required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult. yet lincoln alone, as far as i can tell, overcame that difficulty. interestingly, while having a sense of humor, or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers, has become a necessary characteristic for an american president in our time, in the nineteenth century, too much humor was considered a problem. and that was the case for lincoln. a journalist covering the lincoln-douglas debate commented that“i could not take a real personal liking to the man, owing to an inborn weakness for which he was even then notorious and so remained during his great public career, he was extremely fond of jokes, anecdotes, and stories. ”【文章大意】说起第16任美国总统亚伯拉罕林肯, 很多人会立即想起他对解放黑奴和维护美利坚联邦完整所做出的巨大贡献, 想起他能言善辩的口才和妙语连珠的演讲, 但却很少有人知道, 林肯的“幽默感”也开创了一个新时代。1. we can infer from paragraph 2 that. a. the american president could influence the use of englishb. the term“sense of humor”wasnt invented until the 1860sc. what is funny to someone might be offensive to someone elsed. the concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time【解析】选c。推理判断题。根据该段中“didnt have the positive connotations thatsense of humorhas today(没有今天幽默感所具有的积极的隐含意义)”和“back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule. (在当时, 好笑的事就是招致讥笑的事。)”可知c项正确。2. the underlined words“this one”in paragraph 4 refer to. a. lincolns unattractive faceb. lincolns sense of humorc. the debate they were havingd. cruelty that went with funniness【解析】选a。词义猜测题。在林肯与道格拉斯的辩论中, 道格拉斯批评林肯是两面派, 而林肯提到自己相貌平平(his plain looking), 接着指出“如果我是两面派, 我还会向你展现我相貌平平的一面吗”。这说明林肯很幽默。3. we rarely see people from lincolns time wear a smile in their photos because. a. being humorous was considered inappropriateb. they found it quite funny to smile before the camerac. not smiling for photographs was the fashiond. photography technology then was not advanced【解析】选d。细节理解题。从原文倒数第二段可知“当时摄影时, 照片曝光时间比较长, 这使得拍照时, 人们很难保持微笑”。4. what might the writer think of the journalist covering the lincoln-douglas debate? a. his comment accurately reflected his time. b. he created a false picture of lincoln. c. he was prejudiced and self-centered. d. he was brave to point out lincolns weakness. 【解析】选a。推理判断题。报道林肯与道格拉斯的辩论的记者所说的话准确地反映了当时那个时代。阅读理解。l1pitorabout lipitor lipitor is a prescription medicinealong with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad” cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodit can also raise “good cholesterol. lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.who is lipitor for?who can take lipitor：people who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise adults and children over l0 who should not take lipitor：women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. lipitor may harm your unborn baby.women who are breast-feedinglipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. people with liver(肝脏)problems possible side effects of lipitor serious side effects in a small number of people：muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failureliver problemsyour doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start lipitor and while you are taking itcall your doctor right away if you have：unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very firedswelling of the face，lips，tongue，andor throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing stomach pain some common side effects of lipitor are： muscle pain upset stomach changes in some blood tests how to take lipitor do：take lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take lipitor.take lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.if you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.but if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，waittake the next dose at your regular time.dont：do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.( ) 1. what is a major function of lipitor?a. to help quit smoking. b. to control blood pressure.c. to improve unhealthy diet. d. to lower bad cholesterol.( ) 2. taking lipitor is helpful for .a. breast-feeding women b. women who are pregnantc. adults having heart disease d. teenagers with liver problems( ) 3. if it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should a. change the amount of your next dose b. eat more when taking your next dosec. have a dose as soon as you remember d. take the next dose at your regular time( ) 4. which of the following is a common side effect of taking lipitor?a. face swelling. b. upset stomach.c. kidney failure. d. muscle weakness. ( ) 5. what is the main purpose of the passage?a. to teach patients ways for quick recovery. b. to present a report on a scientific research.c. to show the importance of a good lifestyle.d. to give information about a kind of medicine. 本文为药品说明，主要介绍了药品lipitor的作用、适用人群、副作用及服药的相关注意事项。1. 答案：d考点：细节理解解析：根据 “along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodit can also raise “good cholesterol.”可以推断出答案。2. 答案：c考点：细节理解解析：根据 “lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.”和 “adults and children over l0”可以判断选c3. 答案：d考点：细节理解解析：根据 “if you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.but if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，waittake the next dose at your regular time.”可以得出答案4. 答案：b考点：细节理解解析：根据 “some common side effects of lipitor are：muscle pain, upset stomach, changes in some blood tests” 可以得出答案5. 答案：d考点：推理判断题解析：文章先总体介绍药品lipitor的作用，接着介绍药品的适用人群及不适用人群，然后介绍药品的副作用，最后介绍服药的注意事项，由此可以判断选d项。【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。 no one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut open by a surgeon (外科医生) and part of it taken out. today, however, we neednt worry about feeling pain during the operation. the sick person falls into a kind of sleep, and when he awakes, the operation is finished. but these happy conditions are fairly new. it is not many years since a man who had to have an operation felt all its pain.long ago, an operation had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything. the sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did their best for him. he could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off, and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched.soon after 1770, josept priestley discovered a gas which is now called “laughing gas”. laughing gas became known in america. young men and women went to parties to try it. most of them spent their time laughing. but one man at a party, horace wells noticed that people didnt seem to feel pain when they were using this gas. he decided to make an experiment on himself. he asked a friend to help him. wells took some of the gas, and his friend pulled out one of wells teeth. wells felt no pain at all.as he didnt know enough about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have. the man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out.wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. wells never forgot this terrible event. 1. long ago,when the sick man was operated on ,he _.a. could feel nothingb. could not want anythingc. could feel all the paind. could do anything2. using the laughing gas, the people did not seem to _.a. be afraid of anythingb. feel painc. want to go to the partiesd. be ill3. if a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he _.a. felt nothingb. felt very comfortablec. still felt paind. would die4.one who took too much of the laughing gas _.a. would laugh all the timeb. would diec. would never feel paind. would be very calm参考答案14 cbcb 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。hispanic heritage month(拉丁文化月)is the period when people recognize the contributions of hispanic americans to the united states and celebrate hispanic culture. hispanic heritage week was approved by president lyndon johnson in 1968 and was expanded by president ronald reagan in 1988 to cover a 30-day period starting on september 15 and ending on october 15. the law came into force on august 17, 1988. september 15 was chosen as the starting point for the celebration because it is the anniversary of independence of five latin american countries: costa rica, el salvador, guatemala, honduras and nicaragua. they all declared independence in 1821. in addition, mexico, chile and belize celebrate their independence days on september 16, september 17 and september 18. hispanic heritage month also celebrates the long and important presence of hispanic americans in north america. a map of late 18th century north america shows this presence, from san francisco to florida. spanish explorers traveled further north along the pacific coast to canada in 1774 and by the late 18th century they had established a military post on vancouver island, 350 miles north of seattle. the spanish sailed up the atlantic coast through the chesapeake bay in 1526, then called the bahia de santa maria, about 80 years before the romanticized english encounter with pocahontas. in the 1520s spanish navigators also explored as far north as cape cod, massachusetts, and the present site of bangor, maine. the spanish settled in the southwest of north america in the 16th century and officially founded santa fe, new mexico in 1610. about 47 million people in the united states are hispanic americans. their families come from countries where people speak spanish. here are some ways you can take part in this special month. move your feetmusic is a big part of hispanic life. people dont just listen. they get up and dance! play a gamepinatas are toys filled with treats. kids take turns trying to break a pinata with a stick. they pick up the treats that fall out. wrap it upthe tortilla is a popular food. it is a type of flat bread. it is often filled with meat, beans, tomatoes and cheese. then it is wrapped up and eaten. yum! speak spanishmany hispanic americans speak two languagesspanish and english. say“hola”. that means“hello”in english. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了美国拉丁文化月的一些情况。1. the first paragraph is