山东省宁津第一中学高中英语 Module4 Carnival单元重点词汇导学案 外研版必修5.doc

年级高二学科英语版本外研社版课程标题必修5 module 4 carnival一、学习目标知识目标：学习本模块的词汇、短语和句型。能力目标：熟练认知、使用这些词汇、短语和句型，将其变成自己脱口而出的语言素材，在阅读完形题中能够认知；通过本模块的学习，了解英美文化及其习俗；尤其是西方的节日：圣诞节，万圣节，感恩节等，了解中西方文化差异。二、重点、难点重点单词extend, pretend, memory, relaxing, mark重点短语come to an end, dress up, date from/back to, consist of, would rather 重点句型1. think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.2. their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.3. ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.4. if possible, record yourself as you speak, and compare your version with the original.一、重点单词【单词学习】1. extend v. 延长，延伸，伸展，给予提供【例句】the bird extended its wings in flight. 鸟儿展翅飞翔。the road extends for miles and miles.这条路向远处绵延伸展。【拓展】extend a warm welcome to sb. 热烈欢迎某人extend fromto 从向延伸extended family 大家庭extension n. 伸长，延伸extensive adj. 广大的，广泛的【例句】moreover, the tool becomes an extension of yourself. 而且，这种工具将成为您的扩展。【考题链接】what a vast lake! the water _ as far as the eye can reach.a. advances b. extends c. lies d. develops答案：b 解题思路：句意：多么大的湖泊啊！水域一直延伸到视力能达到的那么远。advance前进；extend延伸；lie位于；develop发展。2. pretend v. 假装，装作【例句】dont pretend to know what you dont know. 不要不懂装懂。【拓展】pretend to be+ n./adj. 假装是pretend to do sth. 假装做某事pretendthat-clasue 假装【例句】tom pretended to have known it.汤姆假装已经知道了这件事。he pretended that he didnt understand what i meant. 他假装不明白我的意思。【考题链接】the workers pretended _hard at their machines when the boss came in.a. to work b. working c. to be working d. to have worked答案：c 解题思路：句意：当老板进来时，那些工人们都假装在机器旁认真工作。pretend跟动词不定式作宾语，根据语境可知答案是c。“装模作样地正在努力干活。”b. 不合语法，a. 表示即将工作，d. 表示已完成工作，均不合语意。3. memory n. 记忆，回忆，记忆力【例句】all these facts were stored in his memory. 这些事都贮存在他的记忆之中。【拓展】have a good/bad memory 记性好/不好in memory of 为纪念memorize vt. 记住，记忆memorial adj. 纪念性的memorable adj. 难忘的【例句】a monument was set up in memory of the heroes who died for peoples liberation. 修建了一座纪念碑来纪念为人民的解放而牺牲的人们。【考题链接】youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future _.a. purpose b. reference c. progress d. memory答案：b 解题思路：句意：为了以后参考，你最好记下那个饭馆的电话号码。a项意为“目的”；b项意为“参考”；c项意为“进步”；d项意为“记忆”。根据句意，选b。4. relaxing adj.令人放松的，轻松愉悦的【例句】 we think that this would be relaxing and comfortable. 我们认为这会是放松且舒服的。【拓展】relaxed adj.轻松的，舒畅的relaxation n. 放松，轻松relax v. 使松弛，放松，缓和，减轻get relaxed 得到放松【例句】 i will only relax when i know you are safe.我唯有知道你平安无事才能放心。【考题链接】traveling can broaden our view and it can make us after a long period of studying or working. a. feeling relaxed b. feeling relaxing c. feel relaxing d. feel relaxed答案：d解题思路：句意：旅游能开阔我们的视野并且能使我们在经历长时间的学习和工作之后感到放松。make 使役动词后接动词原形作宾语补足语；且relaxed是描述人的状态。5. mark vt. 标志，表明；做标记；打分 n. 污迹；符号；标志；成绩【例句】the agreement marks a new beginning of the international relations.这一协议标志着国际关系有一个新的开端。the teacher gave me a good mark for my composition. 老师给我的作文打了一个好分数。【拓展】mark, sign, signal, symbol辨析mark：“标志，标记”，含义广泛，指事物留下的深刻印迹或某物上用于辨别该物品的附属物，比sign更侧重于区别性或揭示性的标志，有时不一定十分直观或明显。sign：“记号，标记”，用法最广，可指符号（装置），也可指情绪、性格的直观显示，还指具体的用于识别或指示的标志，如指标牌，卡片等。借喻时意为“征兆，迹象”。signal：“信号”，常指约定俗成，用于传达某些信息的信号，也指灯光、声音或信号标志。symbol：“象征，符号”，指被人们选出的物体或图案，用来代表另一事物，并作为该事物的标记或象征。【考题链接】用mark, sign, signal, symbol填空in the picture the tree is the _ of life.the sportsmen are all ready, waiting for the _ to start running.dont you see the _: “keep off the grass”.this _ represents a village. 答案：symbol signal sign mark【即学即练】1. our playing fields _ as far as those trees.a. expand b. spread c. increase d. extend答案：d 解题思路：句意：我们的操场延伸到那些树前。expand膨胀；spread展开；increase增加；extend延伸。2. the policeman _ to be reading the newspaper. in fact, he was looking at the man near the window.a. began b. pretended c. continued d. expected答案：b解题思路：句意：警察假装在读报纸。事实上，他在看窗户附近的那个男人。pretend to be doing sth.假装在做某事。3. my sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it.a. in favor of b. in memory of c. in honor of d. in search of 答案：a解题思路：句意：我的姐姐反对我的建议而我的哥哥支持它。in favor of支持；in memory of为了纪念；in honor of向致敬；in search of搜索。4. i find painting and listening to music _.a. relaxing b. is relaxing c. relaxed d. are relaxed答案：a 解题思路：句意：我发现画画和听音乐是令人放松的事情。find, see, hear, notice等动词后常接宾语补足语；且从句子看，该空所填内容是作宾语补足语。所以排除b和d；而c是描述人的状态，故选a。 5. when you get the paper back, pay special attention to what _.a. has marked b. has been marked c. is being marked d. had been marked答案：b 解题思路：句意：当你取回你的论文时，特别注意做记号的内容。根据从句用一般现在时态，可以推断主句也用现在时的某种时态，排除d；又根据what和mark之间是被动关系，所以排除a；根据句意知论文取回了，必定是已经批改完了，故用现在完成时态。二、重点短语【短语学习】1. come to an end 完结，结束【例句】ready or not, some day it will all come to an end. 不管你是否做好了心理准备，终有一天，一切都会结束。【拓展】bring sth. to an end 使某事停止，结束put an end to 结束，停业end up (with/in) 以结束make ends meet 使收支平衡【例句】her mother used to be quite healthy, but she ended up with a heart attack. 她母亲过去身体非常健康，但最后却得了心脏病。【考题链接】we have to wait until the discussion between them_.a. make an end b. comes to an endc. put an end d. bring to an end答案：b解题思路：句意：我们必须等待，直到他们之间的讨论结束。make an end结束，是及物动词短语，因为discussion是单数，要加s；put an end也是及物动词短语，并且后面接to, 也得加s；bring to an end是及物动词短语，意为“使某事结束”。2. dress up 装扮，打扮【例句】dressed up as father christmas, he set off down the main street of the city.他扮成圣诞老人，沿着城里的主要街道出发了。【拓展】由dress构成的短语为dress sb./oneself或be dressed in,既可表示状态也可表示动作。【例句】she is old enough to dress herself.她足够大了能自己穿衣服。he was dressed in old clothes.他穿着旧衣服。【易混辨析】put on/wear/have on/pull on/be in这几个词或短语都表示“穿，戴”的含义1）put on/pull on指“穿”的动作，pull on=put on carelessly, 表示“随便穿上”，其宾语通常是衣服、袜子、手套、靴子等。2）wear 和“be in+表示色彩的名词”，均表示“穿”的状态。3）have on也表示“穿戴”的状态，但一般不用于进行时态。【例句】my sisters put on their best dresses. 我的姐妹们穿上她们最好的衣服。she is wearing a black silk skirt. 她穿着一件黑丝裙。the story tells us that the emperor had nothing on in the procession.故事告诉我们皇帝在队伍中什么也没有穿。【考题链接】_ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.a. dressed b. to dressc. dressing d. having dressed答案：a 解题思路：句意：穿着白色的制服，他看起来更像一个厨师而不是医生。be dressed in穿着，表示状态。3. date from/date back to 追溯至（无进行时和被动语态）【例句】which times does the sort of dress date from? 这种衣服始于哪个时代？this hairstyle can date back to the 19th century.这种发型能追溯到十九世纪。【拓展】the date of birth 出生日期 out of date 过时的up to date 最新的 have a date with sb. 同某人约会【例句】what we learn in school is totally out of date.我们在学校里学到的东西已经完全过时了。with these two updates, the business process is now up to date. 通过这两个更新，该业务流程现在已是最新的了。【考题链接】 we are talking about the painting _the song dynasty.a. dated fromb. which is dated back toc. which dates back tod. which dating from 答案：c 解题思路：句意：我们正在谈论这幅可追溯到宋朝的画。根据句意可知应用一般现在时态，并且date from/back to没有被动语态，故选c。4. consist of 由组成，由构成【例句】weekends will consist of cultural outings and social activities.周末的活动包括文化和社交活动。【拓展】1) consist of 表示由几部分组成一个整体，一般不用进行时，且没有被动语态。2) consist of /be made up of/be composed of由组成3) consist in 在于（没有被动语态）4) consist with=be consistent with 与一致（没有被动语态） 【例句】the beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity. 这个计划的好处就在于简单易行。what we say should consist with what we do. 我们应言行一致。【考题链接】 its a simple diet to prepare, mainly _ rice and vegetables.a. consisting of b. making up c. consisted of d. made up 答案：a解题思路：句意：这是调制得很简单的饮食，主要由米饭和蔬菜组成。根据句型结构可以判断该空不能是谓语而需填非谓语动词形式，而consist of没有被动语态和进行时态；b选项意为“组成”，不符合句意；d选项缺少介词of；故正确答案是a。5. would rather 宁愿做【例句】i would rather do what makes me fulfilled. 我宁可去做一些能让我充实的事情。【拓展】1) would rather do sth. than do sth.也可以改写成would do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做而不愿做 2) 有时为了表示语气上的强调，可将rather than置于句首。 3) would rather后也可跟从句，表示主语宁愿让某人干某事。这时，从句的谓语动词要用虚 拟语气，即用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事，用过去完成时表示过去要做的事。4) would rather后还可跟动词的完成时，表示主语要做某事，而结果却事与愿违。【例句】faced with the enemies, the soldiers would die rather than give in. 面对敌人，战士们宁死不屈。rather than ride on a crowded bus, he would ride a bike. 他宁愿骑自行车也不愿挤公交车。id rather you hadnt made the mistake that day. 我真希望你那天没犯错误。id rather have picked her up at the airport.我本想去机场接她的。【考题链接】he would rather _ a poor life than _ a lot of wealth by turning against his country.a. to lead; own b. lead; own c. leading; owning d. leading; owning答案：b解题思路：句意：他宁愿过贫苦的生活也不愿意通过背叛他的国家来换取很多钱。would rather后接动词原形；would ratherthan,than后也接动词原形。【即学即练】1. we must_to all kinds of lies. lets calm down and settle the problem.a. come to an end b. bring it to an end c. put an end d. end 答案：c 解题思路：句意：我们必须停止各种各样的谎言。让我们平静下来，解决这个问题。come to and end是不及物动词短语；bring to an end是及物动词短语，正确的结构应该是bring sth. to an end；put an end to sth. 2. hearing the noise outside, he hurried to _ and went out. a. wear b. get dressed c. be dressed himself d. put on答案：b解题思路：句意：听到外面有喧闹声，他急忙穿上衣服出去了。wear和put on是及物动词，后面接宾语；get dressed表示“穿上衣服”。3. “oh, mum, my dress is rather _. could you buy me a new one in style?” jenny begged her mother.a. out of date b. up to date c. out of season d. out of balance答案：a 解题思路：句意：詹妮祈求她的妈妈：“噢，妈妈，我的裙子相当过时了。你能给我买个新样式的吗？”out of date过时；up to date最新的；out of season不合时宜；out of balance失去平衡。4. five players can _ a basketball team while a football team _ eleven players. a. be made up of; is consisted ofb. make up; consists ofc. consist of; is made upd. make up of; consists of答案：b解题思路：句意：5名运动员能组成一个篮球队而一个足球队由11名运动员组成。be made up of由组成；make up组成；consist of由组成（没有被动语态形式）。5. the taxi driver would rather he _ the passenger home yesterday.a. did drive b. drove c. had driven d. would have driven 答案：c解题思路：句意：昨天出租车司机宁愿把乘客拉回家。would rather后接宾语从句时，从句常用虚拟语气，而该句的yesterday表示的是过去的时间，显然表示对过去事件的虚拟，故用过去完成时态。三、重点句型【句型学习】1. think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion. 想到狂欢节，你就会想到人群，各色各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面。【句析】此句是一个“祈使句+连词+句子”结构，它相当于由if引导的条件句，其中祈使句可以是名词短语。此时的祈使句还可以变成非谓语动词短语。【例句】work hard, and you will make much progress. =if you work hard, youll make much progress.=working hard, youll make much progress. 努力学习，你就会取得很大的进步。【考题链接】read this story, you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.a. or b. and c. but d. so答案：b解题思路: 考查固定句式：祈使句+ and + 陈述句。句意：读这个故事，你就会知道钱并不能买到一切。结合句意可知前后两个分句之间为顺承关系，故选择并列连词and。a项表示两个分句之间为转折关系；b项表示两个分句之间为顺承关系；c项表示两个分句之间为转折关系；d项表示两个分句之间为因果关系。故选b项。2. their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.它们的应用是受法律限制的，其中一项可追溯到十四世纪。【句析】the first of which 引导一个定语从句，在关系代词which前可以使用介词of。有些介词是某些短语中的固定介词，有些介词是根据句意需要而添加的介词。【例句】 he is reading a book, the name of which i dont know.他正在读一本书，书名我不知道。the train on which i was traveling was late.我旅游时要乘坐的那列火车晚点了。【考题链接】i was given three books on cooking, the first _i really enjoyed.a. of that b. of which c. that d. which 答案：b解题思路：句意：我得到三本关于做饭的书，其中一本我十分喜欢。本题考查介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句。that不能用于非限制性定语从句，也不能用于介词之后。3. ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.普通人可以装扮成富人或重要人物，而名人也可以秘密地进行浪漫的冒险活动。【句析】该句中的while为并列连词，意为“然而”。 【拓展】while还可以作从属连词，引导下列几种从句。1）引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”“尽管”相当于although或though；2）引导时间状语从句，意为“当时候”，句中用延续性动词，相当于when；3）引导让步状语从句，意为“只要”，相当于as long as。 【例句】while i admit his strong points, i dont ignore his weakness.虽然我承认他的优点，但我不忽视他的缺点。he made a lot of friends while he was in university. 他在大学期间交了很多朋友。there will be life while there is water and air.只要有空气和水就有生命存在。【考题链接】 i always felt i would pass the exam, i never thought i would get an a.a. whileb. oncec. if d. until答案：a解题思路：句意：尽管我总是会感到我能通过考试,但是我从没有想过我会得个“优”。a项while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，符合句意；b项once“一旦，曾经”；c项if“如果”；d项until“直到”。4. if possible, record yourself as you speak, and compare your version with the original.如果有可能，当你说话时录下音，并且和你原来的版本进行比较。【句析】if possible表示“如果可能的话”，它实际上是一个省略句，相当于if it is(was) possible.在英语中，如果状语从句中含有it is(was), 在不引起歧义的情况下，可以省略，使得句子更简洁。【拓展】1）另一种情况是主从句的主语一致，状语从句中的主语和系动词be 可以省略，使句子更简洁。2）if any 如果有的话；if so 如果这样的话；if not 如果不这样的话；if necessary 如果有必要的话；if ever 如果曾经有的话。【例句】you should be careful when (you are) crossing the street. 过马路时你应该小心。he wont say a word unless(he is) asked.他不会说一句话，除非问他。the island is seldom, if ever, visited by ships. 这个岛难得有船停靠。you should study hard. if so, you can pass the exam. 你要好好学习。如果这样你就能通过考试。【考题链接】 everybody in the area is very careful about beef, pork and mutton. of course._, they will be infected with foot and mouth disease. a. if not b. however c. if so d. besides答案：a解题思路：答句句意：当然。如果不这样，他们将会传染上手足口病。if not如果不；if so如果这样；however然而；besides另外。【即学即练】1. one more minute, _ ill finish it.a. but b. and c. or d. so答案：b解题思路：句意：再给我一分钟，我就会完成它。本题考查祈使句(祈使句可以是名词短语)+ and/or + 句子；根据句意选择b。2. the man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. a. the hands of whom b. whom the hands of c. which the hands of d. the hands of which答案：d解题思路：句意：这个人拽出一块金表，它的表针是由小钻石制成的。先行词是a good watch，所以关系代词用which，排除a和b；又根据介词+关系代词引导定语从句，故选d。3. at school, some students are active some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.a. whileb. although c. sod. as答案：a解题思路：句意：在学校，一些学生活跃，然而一些学生害羞，但是他们可以彼此成为好朋友。while在此处表对比，意为“然而”。4. i hear johnson was badly injured in the accident._, lets go and see him.a. whats more b. if soc. where possible d. when necessary 答案：b解题思路：句意：我听说约翰逊在这次事故中伤得很厉害。如果那样，让我们去看看他。whats more另外；if so如果那样；where possible在有可能的地方；when necessary每当必要的时候。必修5 module 34 grammar一、预习新知非谓语动词 成分形式主语表语宾语定语宾语补足语状语动词不定式to dov.-ingdoing过去分词done1. 非谓语动词的不同形式、含义和用法。2. 独立主格结构：形式及其用法3. 被动语态：各种时态的被动语态二、预习点拨思考问题一：动词不定式和动名词作主语、宾语、定语及宾语补足语的区别。思考问题二：过去分词、动词不定式和v. + ing作状语的区别。思考问题三：独立主格结构的含义和用法。思考问题四：被动语态的特殊用法及其结构。（答题时间：45分钟）必修5 module 4 carnival 重点单词. 根据汉语提示完成单词1. students nowadays should have an (广泛的)view.2. this old custom has recently been _ (恢复)in some parts of the country.3. do you know the _ (来源)of the custom?4. we _(闲逛) in the woods, admiring the beautiful nature.5. he _(实现) his dream to be a doctor.6. why do you make yourself in such _(混乱)?7. i normally travel by public_(交通工具).8. the _(庆祝活动) will run from next monday.9. abraham lincoln _(废除) slavery in the united states.10. the hungarian view is _(壮观) from the summit of the mountains. . 单项选择1. worried about the safety of my child in such a heavy rainstorm, my attention began to _ off my work. a. wonder b. separate c. wander d. divide2. they _ her by throwing water on her face.a. revived b. restored c. saved d. rescued3. i _ the film star as soon as she got out of the airplane.a. organized b. recognized c. realized d. advertised4. the villagers found the lost child_ in the cave.a. hide b. hiding c. to hide d. to be hidden必修5 module 4 carnival 重点短语. 根据汉语提示完成句子在那个晚会上穿着一身紫衣，她看上去更漂亮了。1. _ _ _ _ at the party, she looks more beautiful.2. 这项工程将在两个月内完成。the project will _ _ _ _in two months.3. 不要对任何人讲我们的计划，要保密。dont tell anyone about our plan,_ _ _ _.4. 这栋房子从17世纪开始就存在了。the house_ _ _ the seventeenth century.5. 他兴办那项慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。he founded the charity_ _ _his late wife.6. 群众们欣喜若狂。the crowd _ _ _ _.7. 这个由十个人组成的乐队今天晚上将为灾区的人们进行义演。the band _ _ _ _ will give a benefit performance tonight for the people in stricken areas.8. 用不了五天我就能把这本书读完。it will take me _ _ _ _ _ to read the book. 9. 难怪有人说电子计算机正渐渐接管世界。_ _ people say that computers are taking over the world.10. 社会秩序是靠武力强加于人的。social order is imposed _ _. 单项选择1. _ diving suits, they walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ship.a. dressing inb. dressed inc. to dress ind. dress in2. this museum is known for its collection of bronze ware, the oldest piece _ from the shang dynasty.a. dated b. to date c. dating d. having dated3. _ all the efforts we had made during the years, the project ended in failure. a. in spite of b. in terms of c. in favor of d. in memory of 4. what a wonder! they have finished 40% of the task within one week.a. no more than b. no less than c. not more than d. much less than5. our class _ more than 50 students.a. builds of b. is made up c. consists ofd. is consisted of 必修5 module 4 carnival 重点句型. 根据汉语提示完成句子1. 再坚持五分钟，我将完成这项任务。_, i will finish the task. 2. 有些人说不好，然而其他人看起来很喜欢这些博文。some will say no, _ others seemed to enjoy the posts. 3. 中国夺得了16枚金牌，其中一枚是刘翔得到的。china won sixteen gold medal, _ was won by liu xiang. 4. 每当我空闲的时候，我就去钓鱼。_, i always go fishing. 5. 目前来看，他们都或多或少地在按计划行事。so far, they are all _ on track.6. 如果你发现自己处在这种情形，你应该放弃吗？if you find yourself in that situation, should you _?. 单项选择1. theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery another man, also intelligent, 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