高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（9）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（9）及答案passage twenty-four (a smuggling syndicate) the smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations. his business happens to be illegal and risky, but look at the stakes involved: $5 billion worth of heroin smuggled into the united states each year, and $1.5 billion in gold passing annually along smuggling pipelines to india and indonesia, to france and morocco, to brazil and turkey. perhaps half of all the watches made in switzerland reach their eventual wearers by some back door. most of this illicit trade is carried on with all the efficiency of any multinational company. entirely legitimate businesses, such as a travel bureau or an import-export agency, are also often fronts for smuggling organizations. one of the worlds largest gold smugglers also owned and operated the franchise for a leading make of british cars in a small middle eastern country. he made a good profit from both activities. a smuggling syndicate operates much like any other business. the boss is really a chief executive. he makes all the plans, establishes international contacts, and thinks up the smuggling routes and method but remains aloof from actual operations. he is aided by a handful of managers looking after such specialties as financing, travel (one reason why many smuggling syndicates find it handy to have their own travel agency), the bribing of airline or customs officials, and recruitment of couriers, or mules as they are called. there may also be someone in charge of local arrangements in the countries to which the smuggled goods is going. another similarity between legitimate business and its illegal counterpart is price fluctuation. just as the prices of products traded legally vary with quality and market conditions such as supply and demand, so do the prices of goods go up and down in the smuggling trade. consider the price of drugs. heroin and cannabis, in whatever form or by whatever name, cone in several grades, each with a going price. the wholesale price at which big dealers sell to big dealers is less than the street price. when the authorities are successful in reducing the supply buy seizures, the price of all grades rises.1. the main idea for this passage is a. the comparison between legitimate business and its illegal counterpart. the similarities between legitimate business and smuggling.c. smugglers may make great profit from both activities.d. the boss in smuggling syndicate is a chief executive.2. when is the price going down?a. the quality of the foods and market condition are not very well. the quality of goods and market condition vary.c. unbalance between supply and demand.d. the price of other goods fluctuates.3. it can be inferred that a smugglera. may make plan and establish international contacts. is a real boss.c. may make money in different ways .d. may sell other goods.4. one of the best ways smugglers usually take is a. to set up multinational companies. to engage in illegal businesses only.c. to make legitimate businesses as fronts for smuggling organizations. d. to make good profits from both activities.vocabulary1. turnover 营业额2. do credit to 增光于某人/某物3. stake 下在投机生意上的股本，赌注4. smuggling pipeline 走私线路5. speciality 专业部门，公司6. recruit 招募，添补（新兵）难句译注1. the smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations.结构简析 并列句参考译文 走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍走私集团的文章，采用对比写法正常（合法）的商业和走私（非法）集团的对比。第一段第一句就点明宗旨：走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。不仅如此，有的也经营合法商业，如旅游，进出口公司等，这些往往是非法走私组织的前哨阵地。第二段介绍了走私辛迪加的经营情况非常类似其他商业。老板就是真正的（执行）董事长。他制定计划，签定国际合同，确定走私路线和方法但不参与具体执行行动。有一批经理助他管理各个专业部门，如财政，旅行，贿赂海关或航空公司官员等，还有当地接应走私货品的负责人。第三段叙述了合法和非法贸易另一个相似点价格波动，价格随市场供需和商品质量而有所差异。答案祥解1. b. 合法商业和走私的相似性。是这篇文章的中心思想。它是通过对比方法说明这种相似性。并不是两者对比得出结论。所以a. 合法商业和非法商业比较。不对。 c. 走私者可以从两种活动中谋取利润 和 d. 走私集团中的老板是董事长，只是对比中提到个别具体事实。不是中心思想。2. a. 货物质量和市场情况不好。第三段第二句“正如合法商业按质论价和按市场供需价一样，走私商品也是按这两者调节价格的上升和下降。”所以当质量和市场情况不好价格就跌。b. 货物质量和市场变化。这并不一定跌价，也可能上升。 c. 供需不平衡。并没有说明供大于求，和跌价无关。 d. 其它商品价波动。这不一定下跌。所以b,c,d都不对。3. d. 可能会卖其他货品。题目是推断，（infer）。从第一段最后一句“世界上最大走私黄金商之买卖，可推断出走私商照样可以经营其他商品。至于a. 制定计划，签定合同。 b. 走私商是真正的老板。 c. 以不同的方式赚钱，都是文章中直抒，不是推断出来的结论。4. c. 以合法商业掩护他们走私是走私商经常采用，也是最佳的方法之一。a. 多国公司。 b. 只从事非法商贸，这并不是最佳方法。 d. 从两方面赚钱，并不是方法，而是有了掩护所后，多一份收入而已。阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。aopposition is growing to the berlin zoos plans to find a new home for knut, the moneymaking celebrity polar bear whose popularity has been exploited by environmentalists and even canadian tourism promoters.no longer cute, and just days before his second birthday, knut will be given a new home that is expected to include a potential mating partner.the berlin zoo, facing the global economic crisis, cant afford the estimated $ 13 million it would take to acquire a female and a new home for them to share. “its time for him to go - the sooner he gets a new home the better,” said senior bear keeper heiner kloes.but some berliners are beginning a campaign, collecting petition (情愿书) signatures and arguing that hes a tourist draw and a symbol as important as the brandenburg gate. “he means a lot to many people. when youre with him you forget your problems,” hartmut wiedenroth, co-founder of the campaign, told spiegel online.knut became an international celebrity in 2007, drawing huge crowds to his cage and triggering sales of thousands of knut toys and knut-shaped candies.the vancouver-based canadian tourism commission made knut a major part of its “canadakeep exploring” campaign to draw tourists to the country- and especially to polar bear country in northern manitoba to see them in their natural habitat. environmentalists also used the bear to promote the fight against global warming.but knuts popularity diminished as his size increased to 210 kilograms, he was photographed at one point snapping (咬) at a child near his cage. in september his keeper, thomas doerflein, died of a heart attack. doerflein, who became a celebrity himself after nursing the tiny ball of white fur when knuts mother rejected him, had been re-assigned shortly after knuts first birthday. some animal rights critics said knut has been showing unusually aggressive behavior because of his unnatural upbringing.56. the berlin zoo intends to find a new home for knut mainly because of _.a. the mother bear deserting him b. knuts aggressive behaviorc. lacking a skillful bear keeper d. its financial problem57. a campaign is being launched in berlin _.a. in order to keep knut in the zoob. by selling knut-shaped candiesc. to draw tourists to northern manitobad. to warn people of global warming58. the underlined word “triggering” in paragraph 5 can be replaced by “_”.a. decreasing b. preventing c. promoting d. conducting 59. what would be the best title for the passage?a. doerflein, a celebrity of germany b. zoo says knut must go c. the polar bear capital of the world d. polar bears in canada【参考答案】(a) dacb 阅读理解-crahfeal gordon has come a long way from the homeless shelters and streets of newark, new jersey. the 25-year-old was honored this year by the national foundation for teaching entrepreneurship for his work-giving motivational speeches to youth groups.rahfeal gordon tells his audience, if nobody ever says that youre brilliant, say it to yourself every day. look yourself in the mirror: if you have survived something, i dont care how small, how big, youve survived it, he said.rahfeal gordon s speech is simple: he tells the story of his own life in three chapters. each begins with a hip hop lyric (歌词) that he knows will be meaningful to a young audience.gordon says he uses positive hip hop lyrics to encourage youths, especially those who grew in poverty and abuse, as he did. his talk is called hip hop saved my life.“ when i had my very dark moments in life, i would put on certain songs, whether it is from jay-z , tupac, kanye west, gordon said. they kept me going through the hard times. they fulfilled a certain void (空白) that i couldnt fulfill, like not having a father or mother there, so i felt they could relate because they would tell these stories.gordon says his childhood was happy until his father became addicted to drugs and began to beat his three brothers and mother. they left to live on the streets and in homeless shelters. gordon says he tries now to be a voice for others, including a brother who was murdered at the age of 19. “when i lost my brother, that was, really, a moment when things really started to take off, in the sense of saying, i really, really want to be that individual to help people, to help individuals, ”gordon said. “i cant be superman. i cant save the world, but i think that if i can help an individual, i am saving the world. ”63. rahfeal gordon was honored because he _.a. has changed the lives of young people worldwideb. inspires young people to better themselvesc. encourages his students to improve the communityd. has made great achievements in his teaching career64. rahfeal gordon uses hip hop lyrics in his lecture because _.a. he is good at performing hip hop songsb. hip hop songs are encouraging and funny c. hip hop songs helped him spend his hard timesd. he tends to follow the fashion like youths65. what do we know about rahfeal gordons childhood?a. his parents forced him to leave home.b. he was badly treated since he was a child.c. his mother always beat him black and blue.d. he became homeless after his father used drugs.66. the author writes the passage mainly to_.a. share rahfeal gordons life story b. tell readers to follow rahfeal gordonc. introduce an american national awardd. direct readers attention to poor children【参考答案】(c) bcda阅读理解-dgrasslands need time to rest when cattle and other animals feed on them. moving animals from one area of pasture (牧场) to another can provide the time needed for new growth. this is called rotational grazing .(循环放牧) rotational grazing is good for the land and the animals, and it can save money. this form of grazing can reduce the need for pesticide (农药) treatments by reducing the growth of weeds. and it can limit the need for chemical fertilizers by letting animal wastes do the job of natural fertilizer. rotational grazing can even help prevent wildfires by keeping grasslands in good condition.letting animals feed continually and intensively (集中地) in the same grazing areas can require costly replanting. animals eat the most desirable growth first. when that keeps happening, the roots do not have enough time to recover. as a result, less desirable plants may replace them. intensively used grasslands are also harmed as the soil is continually crushed under the weight of heavy animals.while rotational grazing can save money over time, it also requires planning. and that starts with a good map to mark fences, water supplies and grazing areas.changing methods of grazing also requires time. farmers may want to put up electric fences to enclose (圈起) grazing areas, called paddocks. the paddocks will need water. some farmers design a path for animals from different paddocks to drink from a common watering place.farmers can start rotational grazing by removing animals from a pasture when the grass is eaten to less that five centimeters. the pasture is then kept empty until the grass grows to more than fifteen centimeters high.sheep and goats may require special preparations. they may need stronger fences than other animals. and while they eat the grass, they may need guard animals to protect them from animals that would like to eat them.67. grasslands wont depend on chemical fertilizers when _.a. the soil of grasslands is naturally richb. animal wastes serve as natural fertilizerc. rotational grazing can prevent wildfires d. grasslands are usually in good condition68. the function of putting up electric fences is to _.a. divide the pasture into paddocks b. encourage animals to get around c. stop animals staying at one place d. provide water supplies for animals69. why do sheep and goats need guard animals?a. they can easily jump over fences. b. they dont like to stay in the paddockc. wild animals are likely to attack themd. tigers and lions prefer sheep and goats70. what would be the best title for the passage?a. giving grasslands a rest b. how to feed animalsc. keeping animals moving in pastures d. grass growth and grazing ways【答案】阅读理解： (d) baca 阅读理解-beven before historian joseph ellis became a best-selling author, he was famous for his vivid lectures. in his popular courses at mount holyoke college in massachusetts, he would often make classroom discussion lively by describing his own fighting experience in vietnam. but as elliss reputation grew-his books on the founding fathers won both the national book award and the pulitzer prize -the history professor began to entertain local and national reporters with his memories of war. last year, after the boston globe reported elliss experience in the vietnam war, someone who knew the truth about ellis dropped a dime. last week the boston globe revealed that ellis, famous for explaining the nations history, had some explaining to do about his own past.“even in the best of lives, mistakes are made, said ellis. it turned out that while the historian had served in the army, hed spent his war years not in the jungles of southeast asia , but teaching history at west point ( 西点军校). hed also overstated his role in the antiwar movement and even his high-school athletic rec