高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练（3）(1).doc

2014高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练（3）及答案 阅读理解-a a caring mother is the single most important factor in preventing teenagers from abusing(滥用)drugs and alcohol，researchers said on friday. an international study showed that teenagers living with both parents are less likely to suffer from alcohol and drug problems，and a strong maternal bond is the most effective way to fight against them. “these findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.”said dr.mcardle，of newcastle university in northern england,who led the study.“they also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.”the report,which is published in the journal addiction,involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in england, ireland, italy，germany and the netherlands.they were questioned about their use of several kinds of drugs and alcohol.the teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents,how well they were supervised(监护)after school and whether they were allowed to meet friends at home. “both the quality of family relationships and the structure of families have significant influences on youth drug use,”mcardle said in a statement.but he added a strong maternal bond offered the greatest protection against developing drug habits.the rate of drug abuse among teenagers living with both parents and who had a good relationship with their mother was 16.6 percent.if either factor was missing ,the drug abuse rate rose to 32 percentmore than 42 percent of teenagers living in one parent families who did not have a strong bond with their mother used drugs drug prevention campaigns in british schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol but mcardle said no one is dealing with the problem of their parents responsibility.1.the phrase“maternal bond”refers to_a.the education of mothers b.the supervision of mothers on children c. whether the mother uses drugsd.the guidance of schools on mothers 答案解析：答案为b。本题为词义推断题，考生需结合上下文才能解答此题。从第一段最后一句话 “and a strong maternal bond is the most effective way to fight against them.”和第二段dr.mcardle讲的第二句话 “they also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.”可以推断出来，“maternal bond” 指的是 “母亲对孩子的管束”。2.according to mcardle,which is most likely to have the drug abuse problem?a.16-year-old tom from a happy big family b.17-year-old kate supervised by her single motherc.18-year-old juliet living with her single fatherd.19-year-old mark cared by his parents.答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节推理题。注意题干所问的是 “在mcardle看来，哪种情况的青少年最有可能吸毒？” 从第二段dr.mcardle讲的第一句话 “these findings suggest that living with both parents may prevent drug use.”可知a、d选项不可选；从dr.mcardle讲的第二句话 “they also suggest that attachment(感情眷念)，particularly to mothers，is a more effective factor and that this is truly across cultures and substances.” 可知b选项不可选；只有c选项 “和单身父亲一起生活的juliet” 最有可能吸毒。故答案为c。3which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?a.teenagers with both parents wont have the drug use problem.b.teenagers from several countries filled in the questionnaire.c.teenagers were asked about their relationship with parentsd.teenagers in british schools are warned against drugs abuse.答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节题。从第二段 “involved nearly 4,000 teenagers in england, ireland, italy，germany and the netherlands.”可知b选项被提到了；从第二段最后一句话 “the teenagers also filled in questionnaires about their relationship with their parents and grandparents,”可知c选项被提到了；从最后一段 “drug prevention campaigns in british schools and on television warn teenagers about the danger of drugs and alcohol”可知d 选项也被提到了。故答案为a。4.the last paragraph suggests that_.a.schools should answer for the drug problem b.television and media are to blamec.parents and the society are responsible for the drug problem d.mothers are the cause of youth drug use答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节推理题。从最后一段 “but mcardle said no one is dealing with the problem of their parents responsibility.”可知，答案为c。 阅读理解-the us government has started a website, admongo, to help children think critically（批判性地） about the advertising aimed at them. it claims to provide visitors with an “aducation” through games and other entertainment.a cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to admongo. call me haiz, he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. spacey dance music plays in the background as haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.the idea behind admongo is to teach children three things: to identify the advertiser. to know what the advertiser is really saying. and to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.children learn these things through a video game. they create their own game character. they can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes. then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards. the players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.the admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. it is a complete exploration of the world of marketing. one such area is food marketing. the federal trade commission(ftc) says it is a big business. the ftc estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009.the ftc says children are important for three reasons. they buy products. they influence parents and caregivers to buy. and they are the future adult buyers of the products.a recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. first lady michelle obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.【文章大意】可知本文讲述的是美国政府建立的一个网站，为了教育孩子们理解广告的真正内涵。 36. what is the best title of the text?a. the guide of admongo b. an aducation website for childrenc. a popular online video gamed. a website aimed at children【答案】b【 解析】标题归纳题。通过文章第一段the us government has started a website, admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. it claims to provide visitors with an “education” through games and other entertainment.可知本文讲述的是美国政府建立的一个网站，为了教育孩子们理解广告的真正内涵。故选b。37. why did the government start the website?a. to attract the biggest market of buyers.b. to sell the products of its company.c. to help children know about advertising.d. to advertise the video game for children.【答案】c【 解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段1,2行the us government has started a website, admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them.可知这个网站的成立是为了帮助孩子们批判地思考广告。故选c。38. what can players do in the website game?a. choose hair styles for their character.b. travel to a supermarket.c. eat in a fast-food restaurant.d. play video games during the trip.【答案】a【 解析】细节理解题。根据第五段第2行they can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes.可知他们可以自己选择角色的外貌。故选a。39. children are important for advertising because they are .a. important for the society b. the most potential buyersc. easily influenced by adsd. easily affected by poor products【答案】b【 解析】细节理解题。根据the ftc says children are important for three reasons. they buy products. they influence parents and caregivers to buy. and they are the future adult buyers of the products.这些孩子是最大的买家，故选b。40. according to michelle obama, lots of food advertised for children are _. a. healthy b. of high nutrition c. yummy d. of low quality【答案】d【 解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段a recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. first lady michelle obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.可知米切尔.奥巴马说她想看见给孩子们的更健康的食品的广告。说明她认为选择的儿童食品的质量不好。故选d。社会生活类-63.in the united states, there were some well-constructed houses for native indians, ranging from the simple brush shelter to the five-storied pueblo. in the eastern united states, one of the existing types was that commonly known under the algonkian name of wigwam in which the iroquois indians lived. the wigwams were of wagon-top shape with straight sides and ends, made by bending young trees to form the round shape. over this shape pieces of tree bark were laid to protect the indians from bad weather. over the bark dried grass was added. a small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. doorways at each end served also as windows. the iroquois indians built trunk walls all around their villages. the wall had only one opening. they could quickly close this opening if their enemies came near. interestingly, the choctaw indians in mississippi also lived in a wigwam of a most primitive(原始的) construction, but different from those of the iroquois indians. the choctaw indians wigwams, made from mud, cane and straw, were in the form of a bee-hive. the covering was made of a long, tough grass. a post in the centre supported the roof. a hole in the top admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out. the tipi tent-housing of the upper lake and plains area was put up with poles set lightly in the ground, tied together near the top, and covered with bark and grass in the lake country. it was easily portable, and two women could set it up or take it down within an hour. the pawnee, mandan and other indian tribes(部落)along the missouri built solid ring-shaped structures of trunk, covered with earth and dried grass, housing a dozen families. the wichita and other tribes of the texas border built large ring-shaped houses covered with dried grass.apart from the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing. 1. which of the following pictures shows the house for the iroquois indians? 2. according to the passage, the pawnee indians built their houses.a. with openings in the trunk wallsb. large enough for several familiesc. in a ring shape with bark and mudd. by bending young trees to form the shape3. all the native indian houses described in the passage were.a. of the same shapeb. covered with grassc. built with a post in the centred. built with doorways at each end4. the passage suggests that.a. all the native indians built trunk walls all around their housesb. all the native indian houses were built with poles tied togetherc. the iroquois indians took safety into account while building their wigwamsd. the choctaw indians in mississippi built their wigwams with straight sides and ends【参考答案】63.1-4 abbc 阅读理解-cutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier, it would make people healthier too, new research suggested. cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released wednesday and published in a special issue of the lancet, a british medical journal.relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances of getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives, us health and human services secretary kathleen sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of kansas. as greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular（心血管） and respiratory（呼吸道） diseases. this is not a small effect.instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, said linda birnbaum, director of the us national institute of environmental health sciences.some possible benefits seemed highly speculative, the researchers conceded, based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung（粪便）, charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.and cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said.here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change, said lead author dr. paul wilkinson, an environmental epidemiologist at the london school of hygiene and tropical medicine.wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.for example, switching to low-polluting cars in london and delhi, india, would save 160 lost years of life in london and nearly 1,700 in delhi for every million residents, one study found. but if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar to more than 7,300 years in london and 12,500 years in delhi because of less heart disease.【文章大意】本文叙述了最新研究表明，减少温室气体排放不仅能改善地球环境，还可以改善人们的健康。 41. what does the passage mainly talk about? a. how can people live longer?b. cutting carbon dioxide emissions saves lives. c. global warming threatens peoples lives.d. people should stop relying on fossil fuels.【答案】b【 解析】主旨大意题。根据cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives可知减少二氧化碳的排放可以拯救数百万人的生命，故选b。42. the new research differs from past studies in that _. a. it focuses on the immediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissions b. it studies the bad effects arising from future global warming c. it is believed by more people d. it mainly targets at developing countries【答案】a【 解析】细节理解题。根据instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem,现在的研究和以往一些关注未来全球变暖所导致的疾病的研究不同，该研究主要着眼于解决此问题