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2014高考英语30分钟专题突破精练:虚拟语气 1dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel.ais bwerechas been dhad been2 had they known what was coming next,they _ second thoughts.amay have bcould havecmust have had dmight have had3 if my car _ more reliable,i would have driven to lhasa instead of flying last summer.awas bhad beencshould be dwould be4 jack is a great talker.its high time that he _ something instead of just talking.awill do bhas donecdo ddid5 if we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.ahavent made bwouldnt makecdidnt make dhadnt made6 grace doesnt want to move to new york because she thinks if she _ there,she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.alives bwould livechas lived dwere to live7 we lost our way in that small village,otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday.avisited bhad visitedcwould visit dwould have visited8 sorry,i am too busy now.if i _ time,i would certainly go for an outing with you.ahave had bhad hadchave dhad9we would have called a taxi yesterday if harold _ us a ride home.adidnt offer bwouldnt offerchasnt offered dhadnt offered10 they _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.awill bcancmust dshould11where are the children?the dinners going to be completely ruined.i wish they _ always late.awerent bhadnt beencwouldnt be dwouldnt have been12 maybe if i _ science,and not literature then,i would be able to give you more help.astudied bwould studychad studied dwas studying13 i _ sooner but i didnt know that they were waiting for me.ahad come bwas comingcwould come dwould have come14pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.i _ it,but i was busy preparing for a job interview.aattended bhad attendedcwould attend dwould have attended15 i_through that bitter period without your generous help.acouldnt have gone bdidnt gocwouldnt go dhadnt gone16 we _ johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.awill put bwill have putcwould put dwould have put17whats your opinion of mr lis request that we _ spend half an hour reading english aloud every morning?amust bwouldc should dcould18i ran all the way to school yesterday,otherwise i _ late for the annual talent show.awas bhad beencwould be dwould have been19whats your feeling now?i am terribly sorry.if only i _here yesterday!acame bwould have comechave come dhad come20(2013河北普通高中教学质监)i would have grabbed the ball if i _ closer to it.awas bwerecwould be dhad been21(2013山西第二次四校联考)its everybodys desire that every effort _ to reduce the pollution in our city.awas made bbe madecwill be made dwould be made22(2013北京东城区示范校综合练习一)if he had decided where to go,he _ on his way at present.awould be bwould have beencis dwere23(2013河南中原名校联考)without your selfless help,i _ such great progress.acant make bcouldnt have madeccouldnt make dwouldnt make24(2013浙江名校联盟第一次联考)_ a little earlier,you could have got a copy of his latest book. aif you would arrive bif you arrivedcshould you arrive dhad you arrived25(2013河南中原名校联考)how i wish i _ the key with me!then you would not have to wait for your wifes rescue.ahad had bhave hadchad dhave参考答案 1bas if条件句用虚拟语气表示与现在的事实相反。句意:不要对待那个花瓶像它是由钢制成似的。2d句意:如果他们知道接下来会发生什么,他们可能就会再三考虑了。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,主句用“might/could/should/wouldhave done”。3b根据would have driven 可知是与过去的事实相反, 故if 条件句用过去完成时。句意:如果我的车子再可靠一点的话,我就会开车而不是乘飞机去拉萨了。4d句意:杰克是个空谈家。到了他做点事而不是夸夸其谈的时候了。it is high time从句中要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词多用一般过去时,或是should动词原形,should 不能省略。故只有d项正确。5d在if引导的条件虚拟句中,与过去情况相反的条件句用had done的形式,主句谓语为“情态动词have done”形式。句意:如果我们没有做好充分的准备,会议也就不会那么顺利。故选d项。6d句意:格雷斯不想搬到纽约去,因为她认为如果她住在那儿的话,就不能经常见到她的父母了。由句意可知,这是对将来事情的虚拟。故主句中要用“would动词原形”,条件句中可以用were to do, 一般过去时态或者should do。所以只有d项符合题意。7d由句子中的“我们在那个小村庄里迷了路”与otherwise可想到本题考查对过去事情的虚拟语气;otherwise等于if we hadnt lost our way in that small village,因此其主句的谓语应用“would have done”的形式,故答案为d项。8d句意:很抱歉,我现在很忙。要是我有时间,一定会与你去远足的。根据句意可知,此处表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,条件句中的谓语动词要用过去式。故d项正确。9d句意:昨天,如果不是哈罗德让我们搭他的车回家,我们就叫辆出租车了。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,条件句的谓语动词用过去完成时。10dshould have done意为“本该做某事(但实际上未做)”,符合句意。句意:他们本该在午饭的时候到达,但是他们的航班延误了。a项为将来完成时;b项的can表推测,不能用于肯定句中;c项构成must have done结构,表示“一定做过某事”。11a本题是考查wish后接虚拟语气的用法,而且是对现在情况的虚拟,应用一般过去时表示。句意:孩子们到哪儿去了?饭菜快凉了。真希望他们不要总这么晚。12c由“if i .then”可知,从句是对过去事情的虚拟,应用过去完成时。句意:或许当时如果我学自然科学而不学文学的话,我就会给你更多的帮助。故选c项。13d由空后的but i didnt know that they were waiting for me可知“我”并没有早点来,因此第一句是一个虚拟语气的句子。因为讲述的过去的事情,所以句子应借助于“wouldhave过去分词”的形式。本句可以改为以下形式:i would have come sooner if i had known that they were waiting for me.句意:我本来能够早点来,但是我不知道他们在等着我。故选d项。14d由but后的i was busy preparing for a job interview可知说话者并没有去听演讲,因此此处应是一个表示过去情况的虚拟语气。对过去的事情进行虚拟时,主句应用“wouldhave过去分词”。本句可以改为i would have attended it if i hadnt been busy preparing for a job interview.句意:你错过了关于核污染的演讲真是遗憾。我本想去参加的,但是我正忙着准备工作面试。故选d项。15a句意:如果没有你们慷慨相助,我不可能度过那段艰辛的岁月。表达与过去事实相反的虚拟时,主句用“would/could/should/mighthave done”,故选a项。16d句意:要不是因为约翰最近受伤的缘故,我们昨天就把他的名字写在参赛名单上了。根据句意及“but for(倘若没有,要不是)”可知,这里考查针对过去的虚拟,所以主句谓语部分要由would/could/might/shouldhave done的形式构成,答案为d项。17crequest 后面的名词性从句要用虚拟语气,即“(should)动词原形”。18d句意:昨天我一路跑到学校,不然年度才艺表演我就会迟到。本句的后半句是虚拟语气,是对过去情况的假设,所以用would have done结构。19d if only 意为“要是就好了”,由时间状语yesterday来看,这是对过去所发生事情的虚拟,所以用过去完成时。20d从前面的would have grabbed可知,这里是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故if从句用过去完成时态。21bdesire作名词时,其后的同位语从句中要用“shoulddo”的虚拟语气形式,should可以省略。22a这

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