山东省即墨市高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（4）(1).doc

山东省即墨市2014高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（4）及答案【山东省日照市2014高考英语一模试卷】d a new report from the united states surgeon general finds that smoking tobacco is even deadlier than had been knownthe report says smoking causes birth diseasesa leading cause of death among babiesit also links smoking to cancer of the liver and colon，diabetes and other illnesses the first ussurgeon generals report on tobacco and health was released in 1 964it was the first scientific report to link smoking with lung cancer and heart diseasenow,50 years later,acting surgeon general boris lushniak has released a new reporthis report provides more evidence about smoking tobacco and how it can harm health “if were going to work together to achieve a society free of tobacco-related disease，this must be understood，”said lushniak the new report urges increased use of tobaccocontrol measuresthe suggested controls include raising prices of cigarettes，and expanding bans on smoking in enclosed spaces. doctor lushniak also said smoking holds back the bodys natural defenses for fighting diseasehe said this increases a smokers likelihood of getting an infectious disease one of the most disturbing findings is that the disease risks from smoking by women have risen sharply over the last fifty yearswomen are now as likely to die from smoking as men，women smokersrisk of lung cancer is now the same as men，and more women die from chronic lung disease than men，”said lushniak the new report finds that those who do not smoke are at a higher risk for stroke if left unprotected from tobacco smokethe latest research also shows damage to unborn childrenbabies are more likelv to be born with cleft palate(先天性腭裂)if the mother smokesthe chemicals in tobacco smoke can have lasting effects on brain development in a fetus(胎儿) the surgeon general would like to see more action to keep young people from developing a smoking habithe supports higher prices on cigarettes，more anti-smoking media campaigns and more help for people who want to quit smoking56the new findings shows that smoking tobacco_acan cause lung cancer and heart diseasebhas little to do with diabetes and other diseasescis the biggest health killer in the worldddoes greater harm than what had been widely known57from the new report，we learn that_amental disease is a number one cause of deaths among babiesbsmoking weakens the bodys natural defensescwomen smokers have a higher risk of lung cancer than mendtobacco smoke has no bad effect on unborn children58the underlined word“this”in paragraph 3 refers to_athe evidence about smoking and how it harms healthba society free of tobacco-related diseasescincreased use of tobaccocontrol measuresdthe first ussurgeon generals report59which of the following will receive lushniaks approval?adecreasing prices of cigarettesballowing smoking in enclosed spacescmore anti-smoking media campaignsdmore help for people who smoke60what is the best title for the passage?aanti-smoking media campaignsbthe first ussurgeon generals reportctobacco-control measures benefit womendsmoking causes more health problems【参考答案】56-60 dbacd 【语篇导读】抽烟会导致许多健康问题而不仅仅是肺癌。一份美国新报告发现，吸烟比过去所知晓的更为致命。该报告显示，吸烟会导致先天性缺陷，这是婴儿死亡的主要原因。报告称吸烟还与肝癌、结肠癌、糖尿病等疾病有关。56. d 细节信息的理解。由文章第一段第一句“a new report is even deadlier than had been known.”可得出答案。新报告发现，吸烟比过去所知晓的更为致命。57. b 考查对短文多个信息的分析和概括。文章第五段“ smoking holds back the bodys natural defenses .”告诉我们：吸烟会抑制人体抵抗疾病的天然防御系统。因此，b为正确答案。58. a 根据上下文的逻辑判断指代关系。根据上下文结构及文意，可以得出结论：想要共同努力建设一个无烟草相关疾病的社会，我们必须知道更多吸烟及其危害健康的事实及证据。59. c 根据细节信息作分析推断。由文章第四段和最后一段可以看出：boris lushniak的新报告督促增强烟草控制措施的运用，包括扩大密闭场所的禁烟令。他支持提高香烟价格，举办更多反对吸烟的媒体宣传活动，以及为戒烟者提供更多帮助。60. d 考查对文章主旨大意的理解。综合全文可知：抽烟会导致许多健康问题，而不仅仅是肺癌。阅读理解-(2011湖北卷，e)which are you more likely to have with you at any given momentyour cellphone or your wallet? soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electronic scanner.in january，starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its stores.this is the first paybyphone practice in the us.，but were likely to see more wireless payment alternatives as something called near field communication(nfc)gets into americas consumer electronics.last december，some new smart phones which contain an nfc chip were introduced to the public.already in use in parts of asia and europe，nfc allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a payment terminala contactfree system built for speed and convenience.but before nfc becomes widely adopted in the us.，a few problems need to be worked out，like who will get to collect the profitable transaction(交易)fees.although some credit card providers have been experimenting with waveandpay systems that use nfcenabled credit cards，cellphone service providers may try to muscle their way into the pointofsale (pos)market.three big cellphone service providers have formed a joint venture(合资企业)that will go into operation over the next 15 months.its goal is“to lead the us. payments industry from cards to mobile phone.”the other big nfc issue，apart from how payments will be processed，is security.for instance，whats to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “were still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone，”says jimmy shah，a mobile security researcher，“users may also be able to set transaction limits，perhaps requiring a password to be entered for larger purchases.”still uneasy about this digitalwallet business？keep in mind that if you lose your smart phone，it can be located on a map and remotely disabled.plus，your phone can be password protected.your wallet isnt.随着手机的普遍使用，以及手机功能的提升，如今，用手机付费购物都已经成了现实。 随着第一部能够付费的手机的诞生，以及其配套的科技手段的支撑，付费购物手机很快便成为美国市场上的抢手货。17what is predicted to happen in the us.?athe expansion of cellphone companies.bthe boom of paybyphone business.cthe disappearance of credit cards.dthe increase of starbucks sales.答案：b。推理判断题。从第二个段落的第二句话，随着第一部“用手机付费”的手机的上市，美国人会看到“more wireless payment”，可以推断出：这种手机会迅速火起来，即如同选项b所说的“boom”。18the nfc technology can be used to_.aensure the safety of shoppersbcollect transaction fees easilycmake purchase faster and simplerdimprove the quality of cellphones答案：c。理解判断题。根据本段中关于nfc的说法“wireless payment alternative”可以断定：这种无限付费方式自然是极其方便的，即：快捷的购物手段。故选项c的说法是对的。19three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to_.a. strengthen their relationshipb. get a share in the payments industryc. sell more cellphonesd. test the nfc technology答案：b。理解判断题。根据第三个段落“may try to muscle their way into the pointofsale market”以及最后一句话“its goal is.”可以找到本问题的提示，即： 为了打入这个新兴行业的市场，由此可见，选项b的说法与原文的信息句非常吻合。20according to the passage，what can users do if they lose their smart phones?a. stop the functioning of their phones.b. set up a password.c. get all the money out of their phones.d. cancel large purchases.答案：a。细节判断题。从最后一段中的信息词“remotely disabled”可以断定选项a是正确的。阅读理解- going on a road trip? the st. louis arch, statue of liberty and golden gate bridge are great tourist sites. but if you prefer offbeat destinations(目的地), check out the following roadside attractions. worlds largest ball of paint alexandria, ind. in 1977, michael carmichael set out to create the biggest ball of paint anywhere. starting with a baseball as center, he painted layer after layer of paint day after day, year after year. the ball weighs more than 1,300 pounds, with more than 20,000 coats of paint,” which is recognized by guinness world records. visitors can paint the ball themselves and become part of history. the museum of dirt boston, mass. the museum is the idea of glenn johnson. labeled(贴有标签的) glass bottles contain such treasures as dirt from the great wall of china, as well as sand from a desert in saudi arabia and omaha beach in france. best of all, the cost of seeing this museum is dirt cheap: its free. mount horeb mustard museum mount horeb, wis. its heaven for hotdog lovers! this museum claims to have the worlds largest collection of prepared mustard (芥末). its more than 4,100 bottles of spices come from 60 nations, including turkey and china. visitors learn the history of mustard, from how its made to how its advertised and sold. the museums creator, barry levenson, loves mustard so much that he even puts it on ice cream! paper house rockport, mass. swedish immigrant (移民) ellis stenman was much ahead of his time in 1922, when he started to build a two-room house almost entirely out of newspaper. at the time, people didnt give much if any-thought to recycling paper. the house is framed with wood, but the walls are made of 215 layers(层) of newspaper.64. the underlined word “offbeat” in the first paragraph has the same meaning as . a. great b. foreign c. unusual d. historical 65. if you want to add your own work to what you visit, you may choose . a. worlds largest ball of paint b. the museum of dirt c. mount horeb mustard museum d. paper house 66. which of the following is true of barry levenson according to the text? a. no spices but mustard can be found in his museum.b. he travels around the world to collect mustard.c. mustard is advertised and sold in his museum.d. in a way, he shows much preference for mustard.故事型阅读理解-(一)i still remembermy hands and my fingers still rememberwhat used to lie in store for us on our return to school from the holidays. the trees in the school yard would be in full leaf again and the old leaves would be lying around like a muddy sea of leaves.“get that all swept up！” the headmaster would tell us. “i want the whole place cleaned up, at once！” there was enough work there, to last over a week. especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, and our nails. “now see that its done properly, and be quick about it，” the headmaster would say to the older pupils, “or youll have to answer for it！” so at an order from the older boys we would all line up like peanuts about to cut and gather in crops. if the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, the big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to find it simpler to beat us with branches pulled from the trees. in order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe(贿赂) the older boys with the juicy cakes we used to bring for our midday meals. and if we happened to have any money on us, the coins changed hands at once. if we did not do this, if we were afraid of going home with an empty stomach or an empty purse, the blows were redoubled. they hit us so violently and with such evil enjoyment that even a deaf and dumb person would have realized that we were being whipped not so much to make us work harder, but rather to beat us into a state of obedience(服从) in which we would be only too glad to give up our food and money.occasionally one of us, worn out by such calculated cruelty, would have the courage to complain to the headmaster. he would of course be very angry, but the punishment he gave the older boys was always very smallnothing compared to what they had done to us. and the fact is that however much we complained, our situation did not improve in the slightest. perhaps we should have let our parents know what was going on, but somehow we never dreamed of doing so; i dont know whether it was loyalty or pride that kept us silent, but i can see now that we were foolish to keep quiet about it, for such beatings were completely foreign to our nature.1the statement “my hands and my fingers still remember” (para.1) means that_athe authors hands were severely injured in the cleaning upbthe author seldom did such hard work as the cleaning upcthe author was bullied by the big boys in the cleaning up dthe authors hands were his only tool for the cleaning up2the headmaster would te