高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Working the land素材 新人教版必修4.doc

unit 2working the land话题词汇1agriculture n农业2farming n耕种3village n乡村4rural adj.农村的5farmer/peasant n农民6beach n沙滩 7major in以为专业8cut down trees 砍伐树木9supply sth.to sb./supply sb.with sth.提供某物给某人10the struggle for survival求生经典语篇高三年级举办了一次讨论会，请你将活动情况写成一篇英文报道。写作内容活动时间上周五活动地点学校报告厅讨论主题未来会是怎样的？参与对象高三年级学生讨论内容乐观派未来随着科技的发展，交通更方便；人类会过上更高质量的生活，寿命更长。悲观派未来自然资源更少，耕地更少；环境污染更严重；交通事故更多。学生感受当务之急是采取措施保护自然资源，减少环境污染。参考词汇：悲观的pessimistic写作要求只能用5个句子表达全部内容。评分标准句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。佳作欣赏last friday，a discussion on the theme “what will the future be like？” was held among students in senior three in the lecture hall of our school. some students are quite optimistic，believing that in the future，with the development of science and technology，transportation will be more convenient and human beings，who enjoy higher quality of life，will live much longer.however，other students，who are a little pessimistic，hold that in the future as natural resources further decrease，farmland will become less.whats worse，pollution will be more serious and more traffic accidents will happen.after the discussion，we realize we should take immediate measures to protect natural resources and reduce environmental pollution.思维发散 1.用主动语态改写第句last friday，students in senior three held a discussion on the theme “what will the future be like？” in the lecture hall of our school.2用分词改写第句some students are quite optimistic，believing that in the future，with the development of science and technology，transportation will be more convenient and human beings，enjoying higher quality of life，will live much longer.3用“with复合结构”改写第句however，other students，who are a little pessimistic，hold that in the future with natural resources further decreasing，farmland will become less.4用分词短语作状语改写第句after discussing，we realize we should take immediate measures to protect natural resources and reduce environmental pollution.重点单词a写作单词1struggle (vi.& n)斗争；拼搏；努力2expand (vt.& vi.)使变大；伸展3therefore (adv.)因此；所以；因而4export (vt.& vi.)输出；出口5rid (vt.)摆脱；除去6reduce (vt.)减少；减缩7focus (n.)焦点；中心点；(vt.)集中；聚焦8comment (n.)评论；议论；(vi.& vt.)表达意见；作出评论9equip (vt.& vi.)配备；装备equipment (n.)设备10confuse (vt.)使迷惑；使为难confused (adj.)迷惑的confusing (adj.)令人困惑的11regret (vt.)遗憾；惋惜；(n.)遗憾；懊悔regretful (adj.)后悔的；遗憾的b阅读单词12sunburnt (adj.)晒黑的13super (adj.)特级的；超级的14statistic (n.)数据；统计15decade (n.)十年；十年期16output (n.)产量；输出17crop (n.)庄稼；农作物；产量18grain (n.)谷物；粮食；颗粒19nutrition (n.)营养；滋养；食物20mineral (n.)矿物；矿石21root (n.)根；根源22skim (vt.)浏览；略读23underline (vt.)画底线标出；强调24summary (n.)总结；摘要；概要25bacteria (n.)细菌26pest (n.)害虫；害兽；害鸟27soil (n.)土壤28battle (n.)战役；战斗；斗争；较量；(vt.& vi.)搏斗；奋斗29hunger (n.)饥饿；欲望；(vt.& vi.)(使)饥饿hungry (adj.)饥饿的30disturbing (adj.)引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturb (vt.)打扰31circulate (vt.& vi.)循环；流传circulation (n.)循环；流传32freedom (n.)自由；自主free (adj.)自由的33nationality (n.)国籍national (adj.)国家的；民族的34occupation (n.)工作；职业；占领occupy (vt.)占据；占领35chemical (adj.)化学的；关于化学的chemistry (n.)化学chemist (n.)化学家36production (n.)生产；制造produce (v.)生产product (n.)产品37discovery (n.)发现；发觉discover (vt.)发现.重点短语1with the hope of怀有的希望2search for寻找；搜寻3be satisfied with对感到满意4build up逐渐增强；建立；开发5turn to转向；求助于6focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于7thanks to幸亏；由于，因为8rid.of使摆脱或除去9would rather宁愿；宁可10lead to导致；造成(后果)11keep.free from/of使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物质).经典句式1if so，what did you do to grow them?如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？ 2yuan longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。3since then，finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.从那以后，发现培育更多水稻的方法成为他毕生的目标。4he would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。 5crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil，making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.像豌豆和大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物比如玉米和小麦。.课文语法填空famous scientist 1.as he is，yuan longping considers himself 2.a farmer.he grows 3.what is called super hybrid rice.as a young man，yuan longping saw the great need for increasing the rice output.at that time，hunger was a disturbing problem in china.he wanted to increase rice harvests without 4.expanding(expand) the area of the fields.in 1973，a special strain of rice made 5.it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.thanks 6.to his research，the un has more tools in the battle to rid the world of 7.hunger(hungry)using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as 8.large(large) as before.he is now circulating his rice knowledge in less developed countries 9.to increase(increase) their rice harvests and he wants to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.though he has struggled for the past five decades，yuan longping is quite satisfied 10.with his life.in his spare time，he enjoys listening to violin music，playing mahjong，swimming and reading.1. struggle vi.斗争；拼搏；努力；n.斗争；战争(1)struggle against/with同作斗争；与抗争struggle with.for.为争取而与作斗争struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来struggle to do.努力做；挣扎着做(2)a struggle for为争取的斗争 (1)we have to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.我们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。(2)she struggled to her feet and continued walking.她挣扎着站起来，继续走。(3)she struggled to get away from her attacker.她挣扎着想摆脱那个侵犯她的人。多维训练(1)根据提示语填空unluckily，the farmers have suffered a heavy drought this year.they have to struggle for(为而努力) a living.they are struggling with/against(与抗争) the bad weather for a better harvest.anyway，they are struggling to(努力) increase their income.however，the financial crisis adds to their difficulties.as a result，they have to face the struggle for (为而抗争) existence.(2)单句语法填空jennifer，having struggled(struggle) for weeks to find a job as a travel guide，finally turned out to be a salesgirl.in 1862 the american slaves won their struggle for freedom.the children talked so loudly at dinner table that i had to struggle to be heard(hear)2. rid vt.摆脱；除去(1)rid.of.使摆脱或除去(2)get rid of摆脱掉；除掉；处理掉be rid of摆脱某人/某物 (1)you must rid yourself of these oldfashioned ideas.你必须摆脱这些陈腐观念的束缚。(2)he believed that his manager wanted to get rid of him for personal reasons.他认为经理是出于个人原因想开除他。(3)the clerical part of his job was boring and he was glad to be rid of it.他负责处理的文书工作枯燥乏味，他很高兴能够摆脱它。多维训练(1)很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。many people are working hard to rid the world of famine.(2)你一定要摆脱这种不好的情绪。you must rid yourself of/get rid of this bad mood.3. equip v.配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力应试指导过去分词作状语的考查(1)equip.with.用装备equip sb.for (doing) sth.使某人为(做)某事而准备equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事(2)a piece of equipment一件设备 (1)they equipped themselves with a lot of knowledge.他们用大量的知识装备自己。(2)owners of restaurants would have to equip them to admit disabled people.餐厅老板将必须在餐厅里配备能够接待残疾人的设施。多维训练(1)单句语法填空they equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.she was fully equipped for the climbing.your education will equip you for your future life.(2)同义句改写they are equipped with new scientific farming methods，so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)equipped with new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.4. focus vt.集中；聚焦；n.中心点；焦点多词一义focus on，fix on，concentrate on，fasten on，put ones heart into，be absorbed in，apply oneself to(1)focus.on/upon.把集中于(2)o focus使成为焦点in focus对准焦点；清晰out of focus没对准焦点；不清晰 (1)in pursuing a dream，we might focus on only one way of making it come true，forgetting that there may be alternatives.在追求梦想的过程中，我们可能仅仅集中于使梦想实现的一种方法上，而忘了还有另外的方法。(2)the childrens faces were badly out of focus in the photograph.照片上孩子们的面部非常模糊。多维训练(1)单句语法填空having focused(focus) his attention on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you.bring the subject into focus if you want to have a good picture.with his attention focused(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what i had told him. (2)一句多译他集中精力学习。he focused his attention on his study.(focus)he fixed his attention on his study.(fix)he was absorbed in his study.(absorb)he applied himself to his study.(apply)he concentrated his attention on his study.(concentrate)5. lead to导致；造成(后果)；通往(go in a particular direction多词一义lead to，cause，result in，bring about，give rise to，contribute to(1)lead sb.to do.使某人做lead sb.to.带某人去lead the way带路lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走(2)in the lead领先；处于首位take the lead带头；领先 (1)so，how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job?所以，你怎样能使闲聊引向一段新的友谊或工作？(2015安徽)(2)not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.不远处有一座桥可以让他到达树旁摘到更多的水果。(3)none of the competitors could catch up with the untiring runner who was in the lead.没有一个参赛者能追上那个不知疲倦的领跑者。(4)he always takes the lead in response to the governments call.他总是带头响应政府的号召。多维训练(1)根据提示语填空with him leading the way(带路)，we got there without any difficulty.but for him，we would have been lost，which would lead to(导致) serious consequences.his action led us to believe(使我们相信) that he was our true friend.(2)一句多译这个政策将给这个地区带来更大的不稳定。this policy will lead to greater instability in the region.(lead)this policy will result in greater instability in the region.(result)this policy will contribute to greater instability in the region.(contribute)this policy will give rise to greater instability in the region.(rise)6. regret vt.懊悔；后悔；遗憾(feel sorry about)；n.痛惜；懊悔；遗憾多维训练单句语法填空(1)you were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.well，now i regret doing/having done(do) that.(2)i regret to inform(inform) you that youre dismissed.(3)i really feel regret for what happened.(4)to our regret，we missed the final bus.(5)its regrettable(regret) that classical music receives so little attention.(6)we heard with regret that you were not successful in your plan.7. comment n.议论，评论(argument)；解释(explanation)；批评，指责(criticism)；v.表达意见；发表评论(express an opinion多维训练单句语法填空(1)i dont feel i can comment on their decision.(2)i dont feel i can make comments on their decision.(3)commenting(comment) on others too much does no good.(4)customers leave negative comments(comment) on the website t to show their dissatisfaction with online service.8. if so，what did you do to grow them？,如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？句型公式：if soif so如果是这样的话，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。if 构成的其他省略形式：if any如果有的话if possible如果可能的话if necessary如果必要的话if ever如果曾经发生过的话 (1)if so，you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.如果是这样，那么你对于幸福的本质有一些错误的观点了。(2)if possible，call to find out about the company dress code before the interview.如有可能，面试之前打电话找出该公司的衣着规范。多维训练将下列句子改为省略形式(1)if it is possible，you should try it once more.if possible，you should try it once more.(2)wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if there are any.wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if any.(3)some of you may have finished unit 1.if you have done so，you can go on to unit 2.some of you may have finished unit 1.if so，you can go on to unit 2.语境填词1the photo drew about 7,000 comments(评论) on the social media platform.(2015江苏)2curiosity is important because it leads to discovery(发现) or invention.(2013天津)3the research lacks solid evidence，and therefore(所以)，its conclusions are doubtful.(2012浙江)4responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom(自由)(2015江苏)5neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing(打扰) other people.(2014湖南).单句语法填空1after having taught fifthgrade classes for four years，i decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books.(2015浙江)2we would rather our daughter stayed(stay) at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.(2014陕西)3jerry did not regret giving(give) the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.(2012北京)4they are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity，keep people focused(focus)，and lead to relaxation.(2009北京)5the people who want to improve their lives are left confused(confuse) by all of the conflicting information.(2014新课标全国)6the pressure at work is on the increase in all occupations(occupy)(2012浙江)7you dont need any special equipment(equip) except a good pair of shoes.(2009重庆)8as a result，isabelle has been receiving(receive) blood transfusions(输血) every 46 weeks since she was 11 months old.(2014福建)9to get an education，he was struggling against/with many difficulties.(2014江苏)10many scholars are making efforts to search for language communities.(2014新课标全国).短语填空1students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with，and complete，their chosen course.(2015全国)2thanks to the advanced technology，we live in an age of bettered communication.(2015北京)3finally，we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently.they were really helpful to build up my body and enrich my school life.(2014江西)4as a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规) basis.(2014新课标全国)5instead of focusing on your wounded feelings，learn to look for the love，beauty and kindness around you.(2013辽宁)6having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.(2011福建).完成句子1乔治打算谈论他的国家的地理，但我宁愿他更多地把焦点集中在文化上。george is going to talk about the geography of his country，but id rather he focused more on its culture.(2010江苏)2交朋友的第一步就是跟别人联系。the first step to make friends is associating with other people.(2012辽宁)3外国卡车的事故率可能是英国卡车的三倍。foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash than british lorries.(2009福建)4南方天降大雨，导致许多省份出现了严重的水灾。it rained heavily in the south，causing serious flooding in several provinces.(2010天津)5在摇滚音乐会中听嘈杂的音乐已导致一些青少年失聪。listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers.(2010湖南)写作素材(关于发展)1在这个地区饥饿曾是个令人困扰的问题，导致了很多人死亡。2在过去的十年里，多亏了政府的帮助，农民们成功地抵制了土地的沙漠扩大化。3具备了新的农耕技术，农民们的谷物和其他粮食的产量都增加了。4人们满足于他们目前的生活。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用定语从句，过去分词短语作状语等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)hunger，which used to be a disturbing problem in this area，led to a lot of deaths.in the past decade，thanks to the governments help，farmers have succeeded in the struggle against the expanding desert.equipped with new farming methods，farmers output of grain and other crops has increased.people are satisfied with their present life.阅读理解aoctober sixteenth is world food day.this day is also the anniversary of the united nations food and agriculture organization (f.a.o.)the un agency leads international efforts to defeat world hunger.it was created in 1945.the fa.o.says more than one hundred fifty countries are to hold special events to celebrate world food day.at fa.o.headquarters in rome，for example，runners will compete in a fivekilometer race through the citys historical area.events in other countries include discussions among experts，press conferences and musical programs.the message of this years world food day is “investing in agriculture for food security”the fa.o.says，“during the early 1990s，the foreign aid for agriculture was nine thousand million dollars each year.but now，it has declined to less than five thousand million dollars a year.”yet，the fa.o.estimates that more than eight hundred and fifty million people around the world do not get enough food.the un agency notes that seventy percent of the worlds hunger lies in the farmers who grow small amount of food.many also face problems of feeding themselves.the fa.o.says agricultural aid could help small farmers make a profit from their crops.farmers would also be able to feed their families throughout the year and reinvest in their farms.they could buy better seeds，equipment and chemical fertilizers to help their crops grow.muhammad yunis，the winner of the nobel peace prize for his efforts to improve the lives of poor people，as well as his bangladesh microfinance organization，the grameen bank，has lent small amount of money to poor people who are unable to get traditional loans，especially women.minister yunis says that he plans to give his share of the one million three hundred thousand dollars nobel award to good causes.he says he wants to establish an eye hospital and start a project to produce lowcost food for the poor.1to celebrate the world food day，how many kinds of activities are mentioned in the passage?atwo. bthree.cfour. dfive.答案c解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，为庆祝今年的世界粮食日将举办：a fivekilometer race，discussions among experts，press conferences，musical programs四种活动，故选c。2which of the following statements is true?athe fa.o.is established to invest in agriculture for food security.bthe foreign aid for agriculture has reduced by nearly 50% in recent decades.cthe grameen bank has provided large amount of loans for poor farmers.dyunis will donate his entire nobel award to help solve the hunger for the poor.答案b解析细节理解题。根据第三段“during the early 1990s，the foreign aid for agriculture was nine thousand million dollars each year.but now，it has declined to less than five thousand million dollars a year.”可知对农业的国外援助从20世纪90年代到现在的几十年中已经下降了接近百分之五十，故选b。3with agricultural aid，farmers can .apromote the production of cropsbproduce lowcost foodcinvest money in other fieldsdbuy better food答案a解析推理判断题。根据第四段“they could buy better seeds，equipment and chemical fertilizers to help their crops grow.”可知对农业的救助奖金充足的话，农民会有资金对他们的农业生产进行在种子、设备和化肥等方面的再投资。因此可以增加庄稼的产量，改善农业生产状况，故选a。4the writer wrote the passage mainly to .agive an introduction of the fa.o.binform us of the situations of the world foodcappeal for more investment in ag