中考英语作文(综合版).doc

中考英语作文训练【考点扫描】 书面表达是每年中考必考题型，是考查学生交际能力的一个重要组成部分。书面表达通常有三种形式：1、书信、日记、通知、留言、假条；2、看图作文；3、根据汉语提示作文。 无论是那一种书面表达形式，考生所写的短文都要紧扣主题、文理通顺，要素完整，语言准确、得当、格式正确、无大、小写和拼写错误，标点符号正确，能达到交际目的。【名师解难】一. 训练方法1. 记。认真系统复习和背诵基础知识和优美的句子、句型。中国有句古话，叫“熟读唐诗三百首，不会吟诗也会作”。同样，要使自己具有较强的写作能力，首先应该熟读和背诵一些句型和短文。许多同学写出来的语言根本不符合英语的语言习惯，相当一部分人有对照中文逐字翻译的不良习惯，不去理会中英文的差异。大量的背诵和阅读是提高写作能力的有效办法，同学们若有大量的现成语言积累在脑海里，自己写起文段来，就可以做到脱口而出，或是模仿、套用，甚至发挥。2. 练。每练一篇书面表达题，都要真正学到一点东西，不可贪多而边学边忘。平时可以采用循序渐进、灵活多样的练习方式。从根据提示词写单句开始，到写单句，然后到写几句话，最后到写流利的文段。尽量尝试多种形式的写作，如短信、说明、通知、便条、明信片、看图写作、根据表格或记录写短文等。3. 写。要进行实战写作。要求自己在20分钟内写出100个词的短文，并且质量高、内容全、形式正确。这样形成习惯，考试时就能得心应手。 二. 应试策略1. 审题目：要切中题意。中考考试说明指出，书面表达要切中题意。怎样才能切中题意？就是要认真审题，看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。2. 圈要点：防止遗漏要点。要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐条列出。3. 列提纲：为写作做好准备。根据文章要点短文的中心思想将主要句型、关键词语记下，形成提纲。 4. 定基调：定出时态、人称、顺序、开头、结尾。5. 写全文：写短文时要做到以下六个方面：(1)避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用，以避免重复和呆板。(2)多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。(3)注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。1）语态、时态要准确无误。2）主谓语要一致，主语的人称和数要和谓语一致。3）注意人称代词的宾格形式。4）注意冠词用法，例如： He is an honest student.中的an不能写成a。5）注意拼写、标点符号和大小写，例如：receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。(4)描写人物时，要生动具体，例如：1）外表特征：tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等。2）服饰颜色：red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等。3）内心境界：glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等。4）感情描写：love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等。5）动作描写：come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch 等。(5)上下文要连贯。上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原则，因此同学们应把写好的句子，根据故事情节，事情发生的先后次序（时间或空间），使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。同学们应注意下面过渡的用法：1）表示并列关系的：and, as well as, or 2）表示转折关系的：but, yet, however 3）表示时间关系的：when, while, after, before, then, after that 4）表示因果关系的：so, therefore ,as a result 5）表示目的的：in order to, in order that , so as to, so that 6）表示列举的：for example , such as 7）表示总结性的：in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking (6)不会表达，另辟蹊径。中考作文给分是以要点和语言准确度而定，不以文采打分。造句越简单准确越好，造复合句容易出错，容易被扣分，阅卷场上有句话：“错误面前人人平等，文采好不加分”。如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达，可采用变通的办法，化难为易，化繁为简。总之，所造句子要正确、得体、符合英语表达习惯。6.改病句：认真检查，改正错误。中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此，中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：1）格式是否有错。2）拼写有无错误。3）语言是否用错。4）时态、语态错误。5）标点错误。6）人称是否用错。三. 注意事项书面表达要特别注意书写工整，卷面整洁。每年阅卷老师在十来天的时间里要看十几万考生的作文，工作量之大，时间之紧，可想而知。书写是否工整，卷面是否整洁与得分高低直接有关。部分范文1. 保护环境是人类永恒的话题，随着环境的日益恶化，自然灾害越来越多，近来地震的破坏也日益频繁，尤其是近日日本发生的大地震，使得我们认为人类赖以生存的地球已经面临严重的威胁。如何保护环境就成为人类最重要的任务之一，人人应该有责任保护环境保护我们这个地球家园。请以“How to Protect the Environment”为题写一篇短文，阐述我们应该如何从身边做起来保护环境内容提示：1 环境的现状：越来越糟糕，自然灾害(natural disasters）越来越多，地震的危害严重威胁到了人类的安全； 2 好的环境能给人类带来健康和快乐，改善环境意味着保护人类自己，提高生活质量 3 环境保护的具体建议：要点自己拟定注意： 1 语句准确、流畅，内容要点完整 2 可根据实际情况适当发挥 3 字数：70个左右。How to Protect the Environment The environment is getting worse and worse. More and more natural disasters are appearing, and there have been happened so many strong earthquakes recently in the world, especially in Japan. Good environment can make people feel happy and fit. To improve the environment means improving our life. We mustnt cut down trees. Instead, we should plant more trees and flowers around us. Meanwhile, we should stop factories from pouring waste water into rivers and giving off waste gas into the air. Whenever we see litter on the ground, we should pick it up and throw it into dustbins. Never spit in public. Dont draw on public walls. Its everyones duty to protect the environment.2. 假定你是李华，最近你们班就“低碳”生活方式进行了讨论，你的美国朋友Jack来信向你询问讨论情况，请你用英语写封回信，简单参照作文地带介绍的以下讨论结果：1.节水节电；2.垃圾分类；3.少用纸巾，重拾手帕；4.步行，骑自行车或乘坐公交车。参考词汇：低碳low carbon 纸巾tissue注意：词数100以内(不含开头和结尾所给出的字数)；可适当增加细节了，以使行文连贯；开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Jack,Thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on low carbon lifestyle. Here is something about it._Best wishes,Li Bing参考范文：Dear Jack,Thank you for your letter asking about our discussion on low carbon lifestyle. Here is something about it. We can do a lot in our daily life to achieve the goal of low carbon life. First, wed better turn off lights if possible and spend less time watching TV or surfing the Internet. Saving water also matters much. Besides, we should sort out the rubbish, hoping that we might recycle some, which will surely benefit us a great deal. ln addition, we suggest using handkerchiefs instead of tissues so that we can prevent more trees from being cut down. More importantly, when we go out, walking, riding bikes or taking buses should be our first choice, which contributes to a cleaner world.3. 随着互联网的发展和普及，网络购物在中国也变得越来越普遍了，甚至已经成了我们日常生活的一部分了；相信同学们身边一定有不少同学已经通过网络进行购物了，比如淘宝网，京东商城等；但是网络购物究竟有何利弊呢？ 请写一篇短文，谈谈网上购物的好处与坏处。参考范文：We talked about the advantages and disadvantages of internet shopping these days. Some students think its very convenience for us to go shopping on the internet. The shop on Internet for example , 360 are open for almost 24 hours a day so we can buy something we want at any time if we like. Whats more, we neednt to wait in a queue.However, some students disagreed with them. we cant see the things while we are shopping. so we are not sure whether they are good or not. Besides, we cant enjoy the happiness of shopping with our friends. 4. 许多学习生活中的烦恼都会使人产生压力,为了更好地发现及解决同学们中存在的心理压力问题,你们班特意开展了一次以Less Pressure, Better Life为主题的英语演讲比赛,请你准备发言稿,谈谈你的一些缓解压力的好办法,与同学分享,内容包括:同学们中普遍存在的压力是什么；我的压力是什么；我是如何成功缓解我的压力的。注意:文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。词数80100；短文的开头已给出(不计入总词数)。Less Pressure, Better LifeHello, boys and girls!Pressure is a serious problem in todays world. Students in our class are under too much pressure. _Thats all. Thank you!参考范文:Less Pressure, Better LifeHello, boys and girls!Pressure is a serious problem in todays world. Students in our class are under too much pressure. Some students cant get on well with their classmates, while others may worry about their exams. Im always under pressure, too. My parents want me to be the top student in class. So they send me to all kinds of after-classes at weekends. Last Monday evening, I had a talk with my mother. I told her I was not lazy. I really felt tired. I needed time to relax. My mother agreed with me at last. So I think a conversation with parents is necessary to solve the problem.Thats all. Thank you!5. 2011年全国实施公共场所禁烟规定，针对这一话题，某中学对该校学生的吸烟情况进行了一次调查，结果如图所示。请就此话题用英语写一篇短文。要求：1. 对调查结果进行描述； 2表明自己的看法并提出建议； 3词数在80左右。提示词: do a survey about(做一个有关的调查) 3% of the students (百分之三的学生)参考范文A survey about smokers in a middle school tells that although 90% of all students never smoke, 3% of them often smoke and 7% sometimes do. In other words, 10% of the students smoke. Thats terrible.As we know, smoking is harmful to our health. Every year, thousands of people lose their lives because of it. Smoking not only does harm to your health, but also wastes money. Because, a fire may be caused by cigarette ends. Its a pity to learn that one ends in death by smoking.In all, smoking is so dangerous that we should keep away from it.6. 请按照下面6幅图和表格的提示，写一篇题为“Changes in Our Hometown”的英语短文。（词数：5080，不包括已经给出的单词） 内容要点：过去 现在旧房 高楼河水污浊 河水清澈步行、骑自行车 乘公交车、小汽车Changes in Our HometownOver the past ten years, great changes have taken place in our hometown. In the past,_ _范文: Over the past ten years, great changes have taken place in our hometown. In the past, the houses in our hometown were very poor, but now many people have moved into tall buildings (there are many tall buildings here and there). The water in the rivers was very dirty, but now the rivers are clean and people can swim in them. People used to walk or ride bikes, but now they can take buses or drive their own cars to go to work.7. 人们对于学生网上交友持不同意见。请你用英语写一篇关于学生网上交友的短文，介绍人们的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。赞成的理由反对的理由你的看法1广交朋友1浪费时间？2可自由表达思想2影响学习3有利于外语学习3可能上当受骗注：字数100120之间。（书写不整齐者，酌情扣分。）【参考范文】Should students make friends on line? Some people say yes. The internet helps make many friends. Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, and even get help with their foreign language studies.Others, however, think students should not. They say making friends on line is a waste of time, which should be spent more meaningfully on study. Besides, some students get cheated on line.It is my opinion that students should place their study, health and safety before other things. As for friendship, we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.人物描写类：1.请根据下面所给李玲的个人小档案，以My good friend为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍李玲的基本情况。要求条理清楚，语句通顺，体现表中的全部内容，不得少于12句话。中文名：李玲 英文名：Susan 性别：女 年龄：15 祖籍：青海 学校： 第八中学 年级：三 班级：二 特长：数学、英语 爱好：唱歌、看电视、打排球 优点：友好，善良，乐于助人，学习努力 【参考范文】My Good Friend I have a good friend. Her Chinese name is Li Ling, and Susan is her English name. She is from Qinghai. Li Ling is fifteen years old. She studies in No. 8 Middle School. She is in Class Two, Grade Three. Li Ling is good at math and English. She likes singing and playing volleyball very much. And she sings quite well. She likes watching TV, too. Li Ling is very kind and friendly. She studies very hard and always likes helping others. What a good girl she is! I like her! 2.某英文杂志就“建立和谐家园、和谐社会”为主题征文。请以“My family and I”为题，为该报写一篇征文。征文应包括以下要求：.家庭成员及其基本情况。 .家庭成员对你的关心、帮助、理解。(举例说明).家庭对你的重要性。注意：1.词数：100词左右。 2.文章中不能出现学校名称、姓名等个人信息。【参考范文】 My family and I I live in a happy family. My father is a doctor. My mother is a teacher. They are the closest people to me. All the memories of my childhood, in one way or another connected with them. I can still remember clearly the day when I had my first exam. I didnt pass it. I felt so scared that I even didnt want to go to school again. My parents looked at my test paper and said,“My child, youve finished half of it. Were very glad. You can do better next time. We never expect you to do the best at the first time.We hope you can make progress gradually.”What they said made me feel I could do things well. From then on, I concentrasted more on my studies. Now Im a middle school student. Im always full of confidence in my studies because I know my parents are always behind me. I love my family. Without my family, I can do nothing. In my heart, family is the most important forever.3.根据提示词语，以My English Teacher为题写出意思连贯、符合逻辑的一段话。(10分)提示要点: .刘颖, 35 ,北京人, 中等个,教书12年 .兴趣广泛,喜欢弹钢琴, 打乒乓球 ,游泳.对学生友好,和蔼和亲. 课上的好,深受同学们喜爱.My English Teacher My English teacher is Liu Ying. She is 35 years old. She comes from Beijing. She isnt tall or short. She has long hair and two big eyes. She has taught English for ten years. She has many interests. She likes playing the piano. She is good at playing pingpong. She is interested in swimming. She is not only our teacher but also our friends. She teaches us so well that we all like her.说明、叙事类1.课余时光是我们忙碌学习生活的调节剂。你是如何支配自己闲暇时间的呢？看电视、做运动、听音乐、阅读书报、郊游、帮父母做家务，还是请你以 “ My Free Time” 为题，描述一下自己的课余生活。注意：条例清楚,字迹公工整,词数80个左右。【参考范文】My Free Time I have lots of things to do in my free time. Usually I take exercise after school. I like basketball and volleyball very much. Sports help me to keep healthy and studybetter. I often watch TV or do some reading in the evening. Sometimes I listen to the music for a while. I find it is a good way to relax myself. Of course , I help myparents with the housework at the weekends .I clean the house, wash clothes and learn cooking. Sometimes I go on a field trip with my friends. We always have a good time.2.现在,因特网对人们来说越来越重要了。请根据提示内容向人们介绍一下因特网。.看国内新闻,获取其它信息。 .发e-mail ，打电话。.阅读各种书籍,自学外语。 .欣赏音乐,观看体育比赛,玩棋、牌、游戏。.购物【参考范文】 Everyone knows that the internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. On the internet we can watch news at home and from abroad and get as much information as we can. We often send e-mails for our friends and make telephone calls to them as well. Besides that , we can go to school on the Net, read all kinds of books and even teach us English. We also enjoy music, watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. We can do shopping even without leaving our home.3.某英文报举办“家乡的变化”主题征文活动。请你根据下表提示，以“The Changes in My Hometown”为题，用英语写一篇90字左右的短文。过去1.生活贫困，房屋破旧。2.污染严重，垃圾满地。3.交通不便，游客很少。现在1.生活：住房宽敞、明亮；许多人有自己的汽车。2.环境：山更绿，水更清，天更蓝.3.旅游：每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客。将来请你展望家乡的未来注意：1.文中不得出现具体的地名，否则扣分。2.标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。3.生词：环境environment; 污染pollution;方便convenient.【参考范文】The Changes of My Hometown In the past , My hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old and small. Pollution was very serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. The traffic was not convenient, so few visitors came here. Now great changes have taken place in my hometown. The environment has become more beautiful. The mountains have turned greener, the rivers clearer and the sky bluer. There are trees, flowers and grass everywhere. People live a better life.Their houses are larger and bright. Many people have their own cars. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit our city. Im sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.书信类1.小明来信向小华询问如何学好英语。请你以小华的名义给他写封回信。内容包括：学习英语的基本方法。 你的体会和其它建议。词数：80词左右。信的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。【参考范文】Dear Xiao Ming, Im glad to receive your letter. In your letter you asked me about how to learn English well, I think you must listen carefully and be active in class. Speak as much as possible. Dont be afraid of making mistakes. Youd better read widely and learn some important parts by heart.You should practice writing often. Of course there are many ways. You can also See English films , learn to sing English songs or make pen pals with foreigners .they are all very helpful. Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. Im sure youll learn English well. Yours, Xiao Hua如何写中考英语作文（附点评）命题作文即给出一个统一的题目，限定考生写作的具体范围，要求考生就同一主题展开叙述或评论。写好命题作文的关键是紧扣主题、立意明确、观点清晰。命题作文例1To be a lovely Shanghainese(2003年上海市英语中考题)审题：该题的重点在于阐述作为一个可爱的上海人，我们关键应怎样做？在2003年的考生作文中，有一部分同学发生了严重的偏题，把描述重点放在形容上海是怎样的一个大都市，因此失分很多。由此看来，审题的准确是非常重要的。学生作文：Shanghai is developing quickly everyday. Quite a few foreigners come to visit Shanghai. As the hosts of Shanghai, we must be lovely Shanghaineses to tell the visitors that Shanghai is an international city. To be a lovely Shanghainese, first, we should do our best to make the city more beautiful to show our enthusiasm. Next, we should be kind and friendly to everyone. We must do so to make our guests fell our zeal. Finally, we should study and work hard to rise our ability. Shanghai is developing and we should make progress to follow the epoch.教师评析：该篇作文行文流畅，结构清晰，以first，Next，Finally的结构描述，层次感很强。不定式的恰当运用体现了考生较好的语法功底。教师拟评分：9分例2Four years school life审题：该题要求考生对四年的初中生活进行回顾和总结，适合以夹叙夹议的方式来写作。（此外，从情感教育的角度来看，阅卷老师总希望读到考生回忆自己美好、快乐的初中生活，而不是讨厌自己的母校、老师、同学等消极情绪的体现。）学生作文：Ive been in my middle school for four years. Four years school life plays an important role in my life. I enjoy making friends, getting knowledge and having interesting time in my school. I have also made friendship with lots of classmates, and I have also been taught different lessons by lots of different patient teachers. I have grown up a lot in the past four years. I will never forget my four years school life.教师评析：整篇作文非常明快、流畅，体现了考生对母校依依不舍的情怀。由于是对初中生活的回顾和总结，考生恰当地选择以现在完成时作为主要的时态来强调影响和结果,文中plays an important role这一词组和被动语态的正确运用也体现了考生良好的词汇和语法功底。教师拟评分：10分中考英语作文题型分析与例文评析：应用文应用文写作应用文主要包括信函、电邮、日记、通知、广告、电话等形式，它要求考生不仅能表达题中的主要内容，还能够正确地运用各种文本格式进行规范的书写，这也是 考生对于英语传统文化了解多少的反映。因此，考生应在临考前系统地复习各种文本格式以及打电话的规范用语，以做到处变不惊、百战百胜。例3写一封信给你在云南省西双版纳市的笔友李帆，告诉他你很愿意与他交朋友，并邀请他到上海来旅行。审题：该题要求考生以规范的信件格式来书写，并把题中所出现的信息点都涵概在内。建议考生可把题目中的信息点都一一划出，以免发生遗漏。学生作文：LifanXishuangbanna Yunnan Province China May 25th, 2004Dear Lifan,Thank you for your letter. Im glad to be your pen-friend. We are the same years old, but we were born in different places. In my imagination, Xishuangbanna is a very beautiful place. There are a lot of plants and animals. You know I look forward to visiting Xishuangbanna. Would you like to come to Shanghai? Id like to invite you to Shanghai in summer holiday. Shanghai is also a beautiful place. It is a modern city. There are a lot of interesting places such as the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, the Bund, and Nanjing Road Walkway.If you come here, I will show you around Shanghai. You can live at my home and my mother will cook you much delicious food. Lets be best friends!Yours sincerely,Xiaomin教师拟评分：9分例4写一篇题为A Visit To_的日记。审题：该题为半命题式作文。考生除了要注意运用正确的日记格式，还可根据自己的经验和熟悉程度来选择、确定文章的主题.学生作文：May 25th, 2004 sunnyA Visit To Jinmao BuildingJinmao Building has Chinese traditional styles and it is also modern. It is the signal construction of Shanghai. It is located in the center of Lujiazui Financial Area. Our family visited Jinmao Building today.The traffic there is very convenient. You can got here by tunnel and No.2 subway. And if you live near it, you can walk there just like our family. We went to the eighty-eighth floor of Jinmao Building. We saw the whole view of Shanghai there. Please come to Jinmao Building, and