小学六年级动词讲解.doc

名思教育-我的成功不是偶然的动 词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括be动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词（就是我们平时总说的那种动词）。动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：先用“一（量词）”（如：一个、一张等）和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词；说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词；都说不通就是动词。（目前我们学过的，以后可能不同）（另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道） 1、be动词（ am, is, are, was, were ）1）amwas, is was, are-were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。2）肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. 3）一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. 4）be动词的否定形式：am not（没有缩写形式），are not = arent ，is not = isnt 。用恰当的be动词填空。 练一练： 1、用be动词的适当形式填空。1）I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2）The girl_ Jacks sister. 3）The dog _ tall and fat. 4）The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5）_ your brother in the classroom? 6）How _ your father? 7）Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 8）Whose dress _ this? 9）Whose socks _ they? 10）Who _ I? 11）The jeans _ on the desk. 12）Here _ a scarf for you. 13）Here _ some sweaters for you. 14）The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 15）This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 16）The two cups of milk _ for me. 17）Some tea _ in the glass. 18）Gao shans shirt _ over there. 19）My sisters name _Nancy.20）_ David and Helen from England? 21）There _ a girl in the room. 22）There _ some apples on the tree. 23）_ there any apple juice in the bottle? 24）There _ some bread on the plate. 25）You, he and I _ from China.26）There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 2、助动词（ do, does, did ）do, does用于一般现在时，其过去式did用于一般过去时。它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。它们的否定形式：do not = dont, does not = doesnt, did not = didnt。注意：在一般现在时中，does用于第三人称单数，其余一律用助动词do；助动词do, does, did后面一定要用动词原形。练1、用适当的助动词填空。1) _you like this magazine? 2) The girl_like bread for breakfast.3) -What_ she_ at the weekends? -She usually plays games with her friends.4) -Wha_ you do last Sunday? -I wrote to my friend.5) -Did you see a Beijing opera? -No, I_.6) He_not visit a farm last National Day holiday. 7) They_ not like playing volleyball.8) -_Jim have a picnic with his family every Saturday? -Yes, he .9)_Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day?10) -How many kites_we have? -We have ten.2、找出下列句子中的错误，将序号填入题前括号内，并改正。( ) 1) Did you had a big lunch with your family last Spring Festival? A B C( ) 2) -What do the boy have in his pencil-box? -He has a rubber. A B C( ) 3) They doesnt like the film. A B C( ) 4) Do Jim get up at six everyday? A B C( ) 5) Dont giving the ball to Liu Tao. A B C3、情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。我们现在学过的情态动词有：can、could、shall、should、will、would、may、might 、must。注意：情态动词后动词总是用原形。（不受其他任何条件影响）其否定形式：can not = cant, must not = mustnt, 注意：may not和shall not（无缩写形式）练一练：选择填空。( ) 1) The sign on the wall means you_stay away from the building. A. must B. cant C. shouldnt( ) 2) How many books_ you see on the desk? A. may B. can C. should( ) 3) It means you_ make noise in the library. A. should B. shouldnt C. can( ) 4) -_you like a glass of milk? - Yes, please. A. May B. Could C. Would( ) 5) -_you see the sign over there? - Sorry, I cant. A. Can B. Cant C. Should( ) 6)_ we go to the park by bus? A. May B. Must C. Shall 4、行为动词 就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如：sweep、live等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、第三人称单数+s/es、现在分词（也叫动名词）+ing、过去式+ed。 （1）动词第三人称单数变化规则：A、一般直接加“s”，如：play plays, visit visits, speak speaks ；B、以“s”，“x”，“sh”，“ch”结尾时，加“es”，如：catch catches, watch watches ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“es”，如：carry carries, study studies 。（2）现在分词（动名词）构成规则：A、一般直接加“ing”，如：go going, do doing, look looking ；B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词，去“e” 加“ing”，如：take taking, make making, have having ；C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加“ing”，如：put putting, stop stopping, run running, get getting, swim swimming, sit sitting, begin beginning, jog jogging, forget forgetting 。（3）过去式构成规则：A、一般直接加“ed”，如：plant planted, visit visited, pick picked ；B、以不发音字母“e”结尾，直接加“ed”，如：like liked, hope hoped, taste tasted ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“ed”，如：try tried, carry carried, study studied ；D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母，再加“ed”，如：stop stopped ；E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，请记忆：是-am(be)-was-being； 是-are(be)-were-being； 是-be-was, were-being；成为-become-became-becoming； 开始-begin-began-beginning； 弯曲-bend-bent-bending；吹-blow-blew-blowing； 买-buy-bought-buying； 能-can-could-；捕捉-catch-caught-catching； 选择-choose-chose-choosing； 来-come-came-coming；切-cut-cut-cutting；做-do, does-did-doing；画-draw-drew-drawing；饮-drink-drank-drinking；吃-eat-ate-eating；感觉-feel-felt-feeling；发现-find-found-finding；飞-fly-flew-flying；忘记-forget-forgot-forgetting；得到-get-got-getting；给-give-gave-giving；走-go-went-going；成长-grow-grew-growing；有-have, has-had-having；听-hear-heard-hearing；受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持-keep-kept-keeping；知道-know-knew-knowing；学习-learn-learned, learnt-learning；允许，让-let-let-letting；躺-lie-lay-lying；制造-make-made-making；可以-may-might-；意味-mean-meant-meaning；会见 -meet-met-meeting；必须-must-must-；放置-put-put-putting；读-read-read-reading；骑、乘-ride-rode-riding；响、鸣-ring-rang-ringing；跑-run-ran-running；说-say-said-saying；看见-see-saw-seeing；将-shall-should-；唱歌-sing-sang-singing；坐下-sit-sat-sitting；睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping；说-speak-spoke-speaking；度过-spend-spent-spending 。练一练：1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。drink _go _stay _make _look _have _pass _carry _come _watch _plant _fly _study _brush _do _teach_ take_ see_2、写出下列动词的现在分词。put _give _fly _get _dance _sit_ run _plant _take _swim _ask _stop _take _write _have _smoke _ think_ want_ tell_3、写出下列动词的过去式。isam _fly _plant _are _drink _play _go _make _does _dance _worry _ask _taste _eat _draw _put _throw _kick _pass _do _4、用动词的适当形式填空。（1）I _to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _to school with me. Yesterday we _to school together. We like _to school very much. ( go )（2）They usually _lunch at home. But last week, they _lunch at school. ( have )（3）That_my English book. It _new. But now it _not here. It _there a moment ago. ( be )（4）My sister likes _very much. She often _at our school festival. Last term, she _a lot of songs in the school hall. She _beautifully. ( sing )（5）What _ he usually _on Sunday? He usually _his homework. Look! He _his homework now. _he _his homework last Sunday?Yes, he_. ( do )（6）Do people usually_ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, they do. Did you _moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, I did. I _a lot of delicious moon cakes. ( eat )四次课测试牛津小学英语6A 单元测试卷（Unit1-2）Class Name 笔试部分（80%）一、 找出画线部分发音与其余三个不同的单词，将序号写到括号内。(6%)( )1. A. family B. candle C. date D. happy( )2. A. dear B. pear C. near D. hear( )3. A. her B. sister C. brother D. worker( )4. A. mean B. sweater C. bread D. breakfast( )5. A. usually B. blue C. student D. use( )6. A. plane B. ask C. make D. cage二、英汉互译。（10%）1.10月5日_ _ 2. 在四月三十日_ _3.放学后_ _ _ 4.当作一个生日礼物_ _5. 谈论你的生日_ 6. 公共标志 _ _7. blow out the candles _ _ 8.take off your costume_ _9. look around _ 10. ask a lot of questions _ 三、写出下列数词的序数词。(10%)1. one _ _ 2. two _ 3. three_ _ 4.twelve_ _5.twenty_ 6. forty-two_ _7. fifty-three _ 8.ninety-nine _9. thirty 10. sixty-five 四、选择填空。(10%)( )1.My uncles daughter is my _.A. sister B. aunt C. cousin D. brother( )2. He is _ Ben some questions _ public signs. A. asks to B. asks as C. asking about D. asking to( )3.What does that sign mean? _ A. It means you should keep from the grass. B. It means you should keep off the grass. C. They mean you shouldnt keep off the grass. D. They mean you should keep from the grass( )4.Would you like _my home? Yes,_A. to come to , Id like to. B. to come, I do.C. coming, I do.( )5.What _ you like _ a New Years present? _ a yo-yo.A. do, as, Id like B. would, as, Id like C. do, for, Id like to( )6. Happy birthday to you! _. A . Nice to see you. B. Thank you. C. All right.( )7. My birthday is on the _ of November. A . twelve B. twelveth C. twelfth( )8.Id like a cake _lots of _.A. have, grapes B. has, grapes C. with, grapes ( )9.Kate is telling her classmate about Halloween _the phone.A. in B. at C. on ( )10. 9. _ is the fourth month of a year. A. April B. February C. December 五、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (8%)1._ _ ( Helen ) birthday is on the first of January.2.Tom _ _ (have) a birthday party at home .3.Look ! Yang Ling _ (draw) a picture.4. He is _ (two) child of his family.5. _ _ (not park) your car over there.6. There are (twelve) months in a year. The (twelve) month is December.六、连词成句 (10%)1. are, a, signs, there, lot, here, of .2. see, over, cant, the, you, sign, there ?3. climb, it, should, we, not, tree, means, the .4. is , the , it, October, of, thirteenth .5. Mike, giving, cartoons, me, as, some, a, present, is, birthday .七、按要求完成句子。 (8%)1. It is the fourth of February. (对划线部分提问) _ _ is it today?2. We should keep off the grass. （改为同义句）We _ _ walk on the grass.3. It means Danger. （对划线部分提问）_ _ it _ ?4.Yanglings birthday is in October . (对划线部分提问)_ birthday is in October?八、根据实际情况回答问题。（8%）1.What day is it today ? 2.What date is it today ? 3. Whens your birthday ? 4. Do you usually have a birthday party ? 九、阅读下列短文，选出合适的选项。（10%）A.Its Sunday. Ben, Mike and David are in the library. They want to read some books. Therere some public signs on the walls of the library. The signs mean different things. Ben and Mike know a lot about them. They shouldnt litter and must keep quiet there. They shouldnt eat and drink there. Suddenly, they see a man eating. Ben goes up to him and says, “Sir, you cant eat here. Look at that sign. It means No eating and drinking.” The man says sorry and goes out the library. （ ）1、What day is it? _ A. Its Saturday B. Its Sunday C. Its Monday （ ）2、Where are they? Theyre _. A. in the park B. in the zoo C. in the library （ ）3、Who doesnt know a lot about public signs? A. Ben B. The man C. Mike （ ）4、They see a man _. A. eating B. drinking C. smoking （ ）5、What does this sign mean? Which answer is wrong?A. It means we should keep quiet. B. It means we should litter.C. It means we shouldnt eat or drink.B Every year, on the third Sunday of June ,there is a day just to thank the fathers . It is Fathers Day .Every father in the USA gets a present from his children .The present doesnt have to(不必) be big or expensive (昂贵的).It just means “I love you , Dad.” This present is