高中英语 Unit1 第3课时 Grammar学案 新人教版必修5.doc

period 3 grammar 过去分词作定语、表语一、 过去分词作定语1. 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。（1）the injured boy is now being taken good care of in that hospital.（2）the factory needed much more qualified women workers.小结：单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词 _2. 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。(1) do you know the languages spoken in canada? =do you know the languages which are spoken in canada(2) miss lee is a teacher loved by all the students. = miss lee is a teacher who is loved by all the students.小结：_ 作定语要放在被修饰的名词_，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个_3. 学习过去分词作定语时应注意的几点：（1） 不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers退休工人；the risen sun升起的太阳。（2） 如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如： there is nothing changed here since i left this town.（3） 过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。如：some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.（4） 现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别：现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。 boiling water 正在烧(煮沸)的水 boiled water 已煮沸的水 developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 falling leaves 落叶(正在进行) fallen leaves 落叶(已经完成)the man killing the dog is her father.the man killed by the man is her father.2、 过去分词作表语1. 仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。（1）“whats the time?” “sorry, i dont know. because my watch is broken. ”（2）thanks to your help, our plan was successfully carried out.（3）this article about learning french is really well written. 小结：过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成_结构，表示主语的性质、特征和_。 2.学习过去分词作表语时应注意的几点：(1)过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的状态和特征，而被动语态则表示动作。如： the vase was broken by my little brother yesterday. （动作）the shop is now closed. （状态）(2)过去分词作表语与动词-ing形式作表语的区别：过去分词作表语表示被动或完成，动词-ing形式作表语表示主动或进行。如：he was embarrassed because he didnt know how to answer the teachers question.todays film was boring. (3)有些动词如interest, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来说明人的情况，用动词-ing形式来说明物的情况。如：the book is interesting and im interested in it. 三、当堂检测a. 运用过去分词完成句子。 1. she had _ on her face. 她脸上有一种忧虑的表情。 2. the boy _ was taken to hospital. 在事故中受伤的男孩儿被送到医院了。 3. i _ to be invited to her party.被邀请去参加她的晚会我感到吃惊。 4. i like eating _. 我喜欢吃冷冻食品。 5. theres _here since i left this town. 自我离开这个城镇以来，这里几乎没变化。b. 单项选择1. mike worked for the minnesota manufacturing and mining company, _ as 3m. a. knowing b. known c. being known d. to be known2.before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _.a. washed b. wash c. washing d. to wash3. she has read plenty of books _ by charles dickson. a. written b. wrote c. writes d. writing参考答案单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词 之前 _过去分词_ 作定语要放在被修饰的名词_之后_，作后置定语，表示被动或完成，其作用相当于一个_定语从句_过去分词作表语时，与谓语动词构成_系表_结构，表示主语的性质、特征和_状态_。三、当堂检测a. 运用过去分词完成句子。 1. she had _a worried look_on her face. 她脸上有一种忧虑的表情。 2. the boy _injured in_the accident_ was taken to hospital. 在事故中受伤的男孩儿被送到医院了。 3. i _felt surprised_to be invited to her party.被邀请去参加她的晚会我感到吃惊。 4. i like eating _frozen food_. 我喜欢吃冷冻食品。 5. theres _nothing changed_here since i left this town. 自我离开这个城镇以来，这里几乎没变化。b. 单项选择1. mike worked for the minnesota manufacturing and mining company, _b_ as 3m. a. knowing b. known c. being known d. to be known2.before driving into the city, you are re