英语—形容词、副词比较级以及试题.doc

形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则变化构成方法原形比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词及Y结尾的词一般分别在原级词尾加-er和加-estLongwarmLongerwarmerLongestwarmest结尾是e的词只加-r和-stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest重读闭音节词以单个辅音字母结尾，先双写辅音字母再加-er或-estbig fatredbiggerfatterredderbiggestfattestreddest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词变y为i再加-er或-estbusyearlydirtyhappybusierearlierdirtierhappierbusiestearliestdirtiesthappiest多音节和部分双音节词分别在原级前加-more和-mostinteresting carefulImportant beautifulmore interestingmoer careful moerimportant moer beautifulmost interestingmost carefulmost importantmost beautiful注意：1， 以 -ly 结尾的副词，除early外，其他的均使用 more / most 构成比较级和最高级。e.g earlyearlierearliestwarmlymore warmlymost warmly2，有几个词有两种比较级和最高级形式。（common often clever simple ）e.g common commoner / more common commonest / most common clevercleverer / more clevercleverest / most cleverer 不规则变化原级比较级最高级goodwellbetterbestbadillworseworstmanymuchmoremostlittlelesslestfarfarther(更远的) further（更进一步的）farthest furthestoldOlder（老旧）elder（年长）oldest eldest比较等级的用法：1， 原级的比较，即 甲 = 乙肯定句中：“as +原级+as”的结构e.g My handwriting is as beautiful as yours.She could do as well as a man.否定句中：“not so / as +原级+as ”结构e.g I didnt do my homework so(as) carefully as you.I am not so(as) busy as I used to be.注意：We have produced as many computers as we did last year.2， 比较级的用法：当甲乙时，用“比较级+than”表示；当甲乙时，用“not+比较级+than”或“less than”表示。e.g Robert jumps much higher than any of the others.Our city is more beautiful than any other city in our country.I look less young than you(do). 注意：比较级 + than+ any other +单数名词 (all the other+复数名词、anyone else 、any of the other +复数名词)比较级的一些特殊用法：“比较级+and+比较级”e.g Summer is coming an it is getting warmer and warmer.The new city is becoming more and more beautiful. The+比较级，the+比较级e.g The more you learn , the more you know. The +比较级+of the two+名词(复数)e.g The taller of the two boys is my brother. More+原级+thane.g She is more shy than cold. No more than与not more than的用法：no more than=only表示“不过，仅仅”表示“少”的意思，not more than表示“不超过”，表示客观的数量。e.g She spent no more than fifty dollars on the coat.She spent not more than fifity dollars on the coat. Can/could not +比较级 表示最高级意义。e.g Are you pleased with what he has done?Not in the last . It couldnt be any worse. Can/could not(never, hardly)+too或enough表示“再也不过分；越越好”e.g You cant be too careful. 倍数的表达法：e.g Your school is four times the size of ours.Your school is four times as big as oursYour school is three times bigger than ours.Your school is four times what our school is . 注意：比较对象要一致！e.g 正：Her voice is as sweet as that of a bird. 误：Her voice is as sweet as a bird.3， 最高级的用法： the + 最高级 +（名词）+比较范围的短语或从句介词in和of 引导的短语说明比较的范围，如果在异地的地域空间内，用In；如果在同一类某个事物范围内进行比较，用of。e.g China is the largest country in Asia.China is the largest one of all the Asian counteies. the most为最高级，(a)most不是最高级，其中most意为“十分，非常”表程度，相当于very，修饰后面的名词。e.g Last week we had a most heated discussion on this topicthey are most handsome boys. 运用比较级表达最高级e.g Julia is taller than any other girls in her class. = Julia is tallest girl in her class.4, 比较等级的修饰语为了强调形容词、副词的程度，在比较级前可以有副词修饰。表示“比多/强/好得多”用：a lot、a great deal、much、far、by far、far and away等。表示“比多/少/好/强一点儿”用：a bit、a little、slightly等。表示加强语气的词用：even、still、yet、rather等。表示具体的“多/长/高/强多少”用：twice/five times many times,two-fifths，百分数等。在疑问句中多用any 修饰比较级。e.g She is much cleverer than me. The boy bought far more book than me. This task is a bit harder than that one.无比较级的形容词和副词：Senior junior prior anterior inferior superior posterior major mimor 在使用这些词时无须加more ，也不能和than连用，而主要用介词to引出比较对象。e.g He is senior to me by several years.表示绝对意义的形容词和副词：Absolute(ly) entire(ly) excellent(ly) perfect(ly) total(ly) thorough(ly) utter(ly) whole(ly) faultless(ly) complete(ly)有些形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级 e.g afraid now today only single American Chinese right very first last形容词变副词的规则：形容词规则副词（例子）一般情况加lyslow-slowly 以y 结尾的单音节词加lydry-dryly(shy sly)以 y结尾的双音节词改y为i,再加lylucky-luckily以 e 结尾的词开音节词加-lypolite-politely(wide)元音字母+e 结尾去e 加 lytrue-turly(due)以 le 结尾去e 加 ypossible-possibly以（a）ble 结尾改（a）ble为 blyterrible-terrible特殊情况good-well形容、副词考试试题1：1. Can you understand what I meant?Sorry, I can follow you.A always B almost C nearly D hardly2.-Why does Joe look so today?-Because she has got an A in her English test.A. exciting B. sad C. happy D .angry3.I think our chemistry teacher is working hard. He teaches us .Yes, but he hasnt come today. He doesnt feel .A. good; well B. good; good C. well; good D.well; well4.-What do you think of Harbin and Qingdao in winter?-I think Harbin is than Qingdao.A. interesting B. the most interestingC. much interesting D. much more interesting5.The bag is too , I cant put the pencil-box in.A ,heavy B,full C,light D,empty6.Tiananmen Square is one of squares in the world.A, large B, larger C, largest D, the largest7. Oh, Im hungry . Mum, can I have the hamburger on the plate? No, It tastes . A terribly B terrible C good D well8.Would you please drive ? My plane is taking off.Id like to, but safety comes first.A faster B better C more carefully D more slowly9. She always does her homework than her bother.A more careful B careful C more carefully D carefully10.Have you read the poem If?Yes. I really enjoy it.A still B ever C yet D never11. The world is becoming smaller and smaller because the Internet gets us .A less B more C closer D farther12.The boy doesnt speak his sister, but his written work is very good.A as well as B so good as C more better than D more worse than13.I dont think I can find the differences between the two pictures.If you do it , Im sure you can find them.A carefully B careful C easily14.Is there in todays memu?Yes, we have beijing duck.A anything special B special anything C nothing special D special nothing15. What do you think of your English teacher? I love her . She is really . She always has a smile on her face. A outgoing B funny C friendly D serious16.It is five years since we began to enjoy a spring holiday each year.A ten-day B ten day C ten days D ten-days形容、副词考试试题2：1.I am really anxious, for I c