外文翻译--举升系统失效分析

附 录 附录 A Lifting sytem failure analysis Below a certain brand can explain a type of lift accident .Because lifting machine structure is more complicated ,e to maintenance enterprise use it frequently in work under high load ,We have to consider its damaged condition. actual use, as repeated wear and tear of fatigue damage ,So anytime possible lifting system failure . If the downturn is likely to cause maintenance personnel injured and vehicles damaged . After the failure of the lift inspection, analysis, found its existence defects in design. This product for the mechanical lifting machine, uses the pin shaft transmission, driven by shaft lifting arm motion realization Auto lift. Unless the power cut off the motor car, driven shaft lifting stop failure analysis personnel of nantong product quality supervision, inspection ZouLei can observed. To effectively guarantee the safety, auto lift should lock up the device. In order to effectively To protect the security, automotive lift Should stop the browser and the backstop. From The Brand Lift of the occurrence of several Lapsed since the incident, the principal, Vice-nut at the same time lead to wear and tear due to strong Decreases occurred in the thread root cut Letter, which of course, and materials selection, Manufacturing quality, the use of maintenance due to Su-relevant, but imagine if Is an independent work of the backstop , And even in the absence of Vice-nut, so that The possibility of a thing you Moment of downtime in order to achieve things, it does not work independently of the stop device and the backstop , And only made use of the role of self-locking screw to prevent the decline in our care arm Know that the conditions for self-locking thread is the thread friction angle or Chaetoceros. Its an But to protect the whole body is fitted with a nut in the bottom of the main vice of the so-called Nut, through institutions linked synchronous rotation with the main nut. There is no denying that when the Lord, Vice-nut There is a certain gap between the, if nut the main event of an accident, child care Vice-nut will be on the arm and not the accidents. However, the main, the Deputy nut As the gap between the main nut and gradually reduce the wear and tear, when reduced to a Certain extent, it must be replaced with new ones of the main nut, otherwise, continue to use When the owners go, the gap between the Deputy nut completely disappear, the Lord, is Vice-nut Quality has become one, and act as security devices has been gradually Vice nut Until all the nuts to replace the main workload. At this point if an accident such as Thread occur due to wear and cut the root, see the attached map, security protection devices can play It should be the role to be sure, if the timely replacement of the main nut, can be avoided Some accidents, but not all users have the professional knowledge and Lord, the gap between the Vice-nut is not clear at a glance from the outside can, it is necessary to disassemble Therefore, the use of cars to check whether the lift should be independent Work backstop safety protection device, if not, be sure to strengthen the Inspection and timely replacement of drive nut to avoid accidents. If not, then, be sure to strengthening inspection and change in time transmission nut, lest produce an accident. The manufacturers character, also Should improve design. Hope so as to remind each manufacturer . 附录 B Lifting machine main structure identification This topic is the main content of design is based on small scissors type elevator machine structure design, scissors, type elevator machine market are more mature, type very rich also. According to the size of the scissors into large scissor lifting machine (and JiaoZi mother type), and small cut (single cut) lift； According to the driving type can be divided into mechanical, electrical and hydraulic, gas to liquid driving type； According to installation forms can be divided into hiding again to install, ground installation. Because the design of lifting weight to passenger vehicles for 2t below, so adopt double hinged scissor hydraulic lift is fully comply with design concept. In order to suit the size, the foundation maintenance enterprises without excessive requirements, the flat panel installation can be put on the ground directly. Judging from the overall structure, double scissor lift hinged by lifting arm, slide device, fluctuation platform, electronically controlled hydraulic system four major part. Lifting height in reach, because of hydraulic system of choice of piston rod is greater than the actual lifting travel to travel, so must needed to block block to slide place to limit its lifting height. Because of this design uses slope type FangDeng to make cars rise to lifting position, the application of galvanism use safety higher hydraulic system to control, so avoid plus hydraulic cylinder with self-locking device, namely cost savings have safe operation. Double articulated lift two groups of identical lifting arm agencies on both sides, respectively, between a pulley about put in. By lifting machine electric control system, by hydraulic system output hydraulic oil as driving, driving the piston rod telescopic lifting arm while both sides rise and fall, the lock. Lift side for the lower welding beam and floor in the fixed hinge bearing, by lifting arm in hinge pin connections on fixed bearings. Another side to the lower Angle, within the slide block lifting arm through the axes and pulley connection. The hydraulic cylinder by lifting transverse axis to lift the whole platform, lifting arm to fixed hinge on one side for the fulcrum, pulley bearings inside or outside to slide, make lift up and down, when reaching an appropriate position, use the lifting control platform and block block the lock. Scissors type elevator machine operation is convenient, simple structure and easy maintenance, cover an area of an area small, suitable for most cars maintenance, and safe and reliable. 附录 C 举升系统失效分析 下面是 某个品牌 的一次 事故 分析 ,因为起重机械结构比较复杂 ,维护企业使用它经常在工作在高负载时 ,我们必须考虑其受损 的情况 .实际使用 中 因为重复的磨损及疲劳损伤 ,所以随时 可能 发生举升 系统的 损坏事故 。如果 其意外下滑 可能引起维修人员受伤 ,车辆 的 受损。 举升 失败后 ,对其 检测、分析 ,发现其存在设计上的缺陷。本产品为机械 举 升机 ,采用销轴传动 ,通过 驱动 横 轴 来使举 升臂运动实现汽车举升。除非切断汽车电源 ， 驱动轴的失效分析人员 来自 南通产品质量监督检验 站的邹雷才 可以观察到。为了 有效地保障安全 ,汽车举升机应该 有 止装置。为了有效地保护安全 该品牌的举升机发生的数起失效事故看 , 都是主、副螺母同时因磨损导致强度降低发生了螺纹根切所致 , 这固然与材料的选用、制造质量、使用维护等因素有关 , 但设想一下若是 具有独立工作的逆止器 , 即使没有副螺母 , 这样的事有可能发生吗转动以实现停机外 , 该机并无独立工作的停止器与逆止器 , 只是利用了螺纹的自锁作用来防止托臂下滑的我们知道 , 螺纹自锁的条件是螺纹的升角毛摩擦角。它的安全保护机构不过是了一只装在主螺母下方的所谓的副螺母 , 通过连动机构与主螺母同步转动。不可否认 , 当主、副螺母之间存在一定的间隙时 , 若主螺母发生意外时 , 托臂将落在副螺母上而不致于发生意外。但是 , 主、副螺母之间的间隙随着主螺母的磨损而逐渐减少 , 当减少到一定程度时 , 就必须更换新的主螺母 , 不然的 话 , 继续使用下去而当主、副螺母间的间隙完全消失时 , 主、副螺母实质上已成为一体了 , 充当安全保护装置的副螺母已逐渐直至全部接替了主螺母的工作负荷。此时若发生意外如螺纹因磨损而发生根切 , 安全保护装置能否起到应有的作用，诚然若能及时发现并更换主螺母 , 可以避免一些意外事故的发生 , 但使用者并非都具有专业知识 , 而且主、副螺母之间的间隙并非从外面可以一目了然 , 要拆开它后才可以发现。因此使用汽车举升机时应检查一下是否具有独立工作的安全保护装置逆止器 , 如若没有的话 , 务必加强检查 , 及时更换传动螺母 , 以免发 生意外。对厂家而言 , 也应改进设计 。如果不是 ,那么一定要加强检查