人教版高三英语第十一单元词汇课件.ppt

NEWWORDSANDEXPRESSIONS,UNIT11,1.Astandard,rule,ortestonwhichajudgmentordecisioncanbebased.标准：一种基以作出判断或决定的标准、准则或测试.,Enteryoursearchcriteriainthetextboxesbelow,thenselectthesearchbutton.SEARCHTIPS:*Limitingyoursearchcriteriawillbetteryourchancesforresults.,Inordertoapplyforthisposition,applicantsMUSTmeetthefollowingcriteria.Ifyourresumedoesnotmatchthesecriteria,youwillnotbeabletoapplyforthisposition.,同义词辨析,standard表示法定的,权威的度量货质量标准,criteria指用于检测、评判质量的标准,不管是否成文,活学活用,SINGAPORE:Frommidnextmonth,propertydeveloperscanadoptanewrange-basedcarparking_forsomeoftheirprojects.,standard,RockRiverRaptorsownerArtClarksonhastwomain_whenhehuntsforaheadcoach.“MyruleofthumbisthatIlikeyoungcoacheswhocomefromawinningbackground,”saidClarkson.,criteria,2.stickwith和某人保持联系或继续做某事,stickwithsomebody/something支持某人/继续做什么事情1）Youjuststickwithme;Illexplaineverythingaswegoalong.2）Illstickwithyourdecisiononthisissue.3）Ihopeyoullstickwiththisjobuntilnextyear.4）Ifyoustickwithit,yourperformancewillgraduallygetbetter.,1）Wewerestuckwithrelativeswhocametostayunexpectedly.我们不得不接待不期而至的亲戚们.2)WillyouhelpmewiththismathematicalproblemImstuckwithit.这道数学题你能帮我一下吗我怎么也解不出来.,bestuckwith俚被.缠住无法摆脱,遇到困难无法进行下去,相关词汇,keepintouchwithstayintouchwithcontactrelation,3.throughthickandthin同甘共苦，共同分担艰难困苦,1)Shefeelslikeafoolforstickingwithherhusbandthroughthickandthin.她觉得和丈夫一起吃苦受罪太傻了,【典故】thick和thin原是指骑马者会遇到的情形：有时经过茂密的灌木丛，有时又经过草木稀疏的地带。,2)Thecouplehavegonethroughthickandthinformanyyears.,4.summary,adj.1.)概括的,扼要的Hegaveasummaryreportofthedaysevents.他对一天的事件作了简要的报告。n.总结,摘要,一览C(+of)Hemadeasummaryofthecase.他为这个案件做了一个摘要。,IncidentTypebyPercentage,Asmallpercentageoftheworkersareunskilled.少数工人是非熟练工。,Beijingshousingpricegrowthwas0.7percentagepointslowerthanthenationalaverageinOctober.,Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,thepercentageofworkerswithacollegedegreewilldeclineoverthenext15years,andthatwilldrivepersonalincomeandtaxrevenuesdown,accordingtoastudyreleasedtoday.,5.questionnaire,6.reputation,TheproductsofHongyeBrandhavebeenexportedtomanycountriesandareasforseveralyearsandhavewongoodreputationbothathomeandabroad.,ConsideredtheculturalheartofmoderndayRussia,St.PetersburgisrapidlyregainingitsreputationasoneoftheGreatCitiesofEurope.,Perhapsthemostpopularresponsetothequestionwhatisthemostromanticcity,Parishaslonghadareputationasthecityoflovers.,TheserioussecuritycoulddamagethereputationofthenationsbiggestinvestmentbankinCanberra,TheAustraliannewspaperreportedonThursday.,BAGHDAD,Iraq-SaddamHusseinslawyersaidWednesdaythatU.S.-ledoccupationforcesbearsomeoftheresponsibilityfortheslayingofasecondcolleagueinthetrialandurgedArableaderstohelpcombatdisorderherethatthreatenstheproceeding.,7.colleague同事，同僚,8.suspectvt.1.)疑有,察觉Thetigersuspecteddangerandranaway.老虎意识到危险便逃跑了。2.)怀疑,不信任Wesuspectedtheirhonesty.我们不相信他们是诚实的。3.)怀疑(某人犯有过错)+of+(that)ThepolicesuspectedthatBilldidit.警察怀疑那件事是比尔干的。,4.)猜想;料想+(that)Isuspecttheyllcome.我想他们会来的。n.嫌疑犯;可疑分子C,n.嫌疑犯;可疑分子C,9.management管理，管理人员,TicketofficestaffataleadingBritishrailfirmarebelievedtohavebackedindustrialactioninarowoverjobs.TheresultofaballotofworkersatSouthEasternTrains(SET)willbeannouncedtoday,butunionleaderssaidtheyexpectedavoteinfavorofastrike.,10.Staff全体职工，全体雇员,Congressisconsideringwhethertorenewa30-year-oldrequirementthatlargecommunitiesofpeoplewhospeaklimitedEnglishmusthaveaccesstoballotsintheirnativelanguage.,11.requirement要求，需要,Ifyouhaveanyrequirements,askme.如果你有什么要求，请向我提出来。,12.forthesakeof由于；为了的利益,PelicanParkandCastineCenterinMandevillereopenedforthesakeofthechildrenonemonthfollowingHurricaneKatrina.,ThevitalorgansofaPalestinianboymistakenlykilledbytheIDFlastweekhavebeentransplantedintothebodiesofsixIsraelis,aftertheboysfamilydonatedhisorgansforthesakeofpeacebetweenpeoples,IsraelRadioreported.,13.inreality事实上，实际上,Peopleoftenthinkofabrandasthesymbol,nameorlogoassociatedwithaproduct.Inreality,brandinginvolvesfarmore.,Itsthattimeagain,folks.“IrealizethetitlemightmisleadyoutobelievethatIvebeentrappedinadank,darkundergrounddungeon（地牢）forayear.Inreality,though,IhavebeenwithoutMicrosoftWindowsforoverayear.,14.individual,Eachindividualboyintheclasshashisownpersonalities.这个班上的每一个男孩都有自己的个性。,anindividualstyleofspeaking独特的谈话风格Shewearsveryindividualdresses.她的衣着非常独特。,AfteryearsofcriticizingIsraelshumanrightsrecord,AmericanowfindsitselftappingtheJewishstatesexperienceinbalancingtheneedtoprotectindividualfreedomsandtheneedtofightterrorism.,15.Temporary暂时的，临时的，临时性的,MIANYANGCITY,CHINA.Afterover24hoursoftraveling,TeamUSAhassettledintotheirtemporaryhomeinMianyangCity,China.,AcommitteeofGuilfordCountyleadersdiscussedtheconstructionofa300-bedtemporaryjailattheGibsonvilleprisonfarmMondayasashort-termwaytorelieveovercrowdingintheexistingjails.,16.cooperate合作；协作,Cooperatemeanstoworkwith.Forexample:Whenplayingonateamorinvolvingyourselfinteamsport,itisimportanttocooperatewithyoucoachandyourteammates.,RussiaisreadytocooperatewithNorthKoreatoproduceresultsinthefifthroundofsix-nationtalksonthenuclearproblem,theheadoftheRussiandelegationsaidTuesday.,17.Uncertain不确定的，不可预测的,确实的；无疑的Theevidenceisuncertainandthefactsareunclear.证据确凿,事实清楚。Iamuncertainhetoldmetocomeattwooclock.我肯定他告诉我两点来。Itisuncertainthattheresacureforthisillnessatpresent.现在这种病尚无确实可靠的疗法。,难点解析,英语中的sure和certain是近义形容词，均有“肯定的；确信的；有把握的”的意思，它们的用法也大体相似，许多情况下可以通用，但它们之间也有一些差别。,一、相同点,1.两者都能用于“besure/certain+about/of短语”句型中，表示“对（某事）有把握”。主语必须是人，about/of之后多跟名词、代词。,Iamsure/certainofhisreturning.我确信他会回来。Heisquitesure/certainof/aboutit.他对这事很有把握。,2.两者都能用于besure/certaintodosth句型中，表示“一定会做某事”，主语可以是人，也可以是物。,Springissure/certaintofollowwinter.冬天过后一定是春天。Theyaresure/certaintocome.他们一定会来的。,3.两者都能用于“besure/certain+从句”句型中，表示“确信”，主语只能是人，而不能是物。,Tomissure/certainthatIputthekeyonthetable.汤姆确信我把钥匙放在桌子上了。Wearesure/certainthatthebookwillbeofgreathelptous.我们相信这本书对我们会有很大帮助。,4.两者都能用于“makesure/certain+从句”结构中，表示“确定；弄清楚”，主语只能是人。,Youmustmakesure/certainwhenthebuswillleave.你必须弄清汽车何时出发。,Hemadesure/certainthathehadturnedoffthegas.他确信他关掉了煤气。,二、不同点,1.“Imsure”与“Imcertain”均可译为“我深信（确）信”，但两者的含义却不同。前者表示一种主观上的判断或感觉，事实并不一定如此。后者强调的则是客观事实，意为主语已经知道后面的内容是既定的事实。试比较下面一组句子：,Imsurehedidntstealit.Heisntthatkindofperson.我确信他没偷，他不是那种人。Imcertainhedidntbreakthecup.Ibrokeitmyself.我敢肯定他没有打碎那个茶杯，（因为）那个茶杯是我打碎的。,2.如果it作为形式主语代替从句时，则其后的表语用certain，而不能用sure。如：,ItisntcertainwhetherhewillgiveusareportnextMonday.下星期一他是否来为我们作报告还不能确定。,Theletterwassentbyasurehand.信已由一位可靠的人寄出了。Hemadeasureanswer.他回答得准确无误。Acertainpersoncalledonmeyesterday.昨天有个人来找过我。,3.两者在作定语时含义不同：sure意为“可靠的；无误的”；而certain若修饰可数名词，意为“某一；某些；某种；一些”，若修饰抽象名词，表示程度，意为“有点；有些”。,4.在祈使句中常用sure，不宜用certain。,BesureandrememberwhatItoldyou.千万要记住我对你讲的话。Besuretowriteandtellmeallthegoodnews.务必写信告诉我所有的好消息。,5.口语中，sure常作副词，用在肯定答语中替代surely，这时与ofcourse，certainly意思相当，而certain不可作副词用。,Wouldyoupleaseturndowntheradioalittlebit?请你把收音机音量拧小点，好吗？Sure.当然可以。,-Doyoustillrememberourfirstfishingtrip?-Isuredo.你还记得我们第一次去钓鱼吗？当然记得了。,18.expectationn.,1.)期待;预期UCThedogwaggeditstailinexpectationofabone.那条狗摇着尾巴,巴望吃肉骨头。2.)期望,预期的事物(pl.)Therewardfellshortofourexpectations.奖励不符我们的希望。3.)前程(pl.)ayoungartistwithgreatexpectations。有远大前程的青年艺术家,JurgenKlinsmannhaswarnedEnglandsupportersnottoplacetoomuchexpectationontheshouldersofWayneRooneyatnextyearsfinals.,网上文摘,DETROIT|GeneralMotorsCorp.planstoincreaseproductionnextyearofitssmallestHummer,theH3,anditsmidsizepickupsinexpectationofincreasingsalesforthetrucks,theautomakersaid.,19.divisionn.,1.)分开,分割U(+into)Thecompilersagreeduponadivisionofthetextbookintotwelveunits.编写者都同意把教科书分成十二个单元。2.)分配,分派U(+between/among)Thethievesquarreledaboutthedivisionoftheirstolengoods.这些贼为分偷来的物品而争吵。3.)【数】除(法)UTheboyhaslearnttododivision.这个小男孩已学会做除法。,Rugbyfootball虽然被翻译成橄榄球，但它的起源却与橄榄Olive一点关系也没有。Rugby其实是一个英格兰小镇的名字，小镇上有一间叫RugbySchool的公学。据说，在1823年的时候，该学校举行了一次足球比赛，当时比赛十分的激烈，其中有一个名叫WilliamWebbEllis的16岁小男孩，因为比分落后，情急之下，他竟然抱起地上的球就向对方的球门跑去，hetooktheballinhisarmsandranwithit.,20.Rugby英式橄榄球,虽然在当时这个举动disregardtherulesoffootball，违反了足球的规定，但却引起在场观战的观众的强烈兴趣：如果足球赛也可以用手比赛，那么一定会变成一项更好玩的足球运动。就这样在英格兰诞生了橄榄球运动RugbyFootball，在英国及英联邦地区，渐渐推广，吸引了全世界各地方爱好运动人口的兴趣，而发展开来。,football美式橄榄球,soccer足球,21.keepaneyeon密切注视；照看，照料,catchsb.seye引起(某人)注目clapeyeson看见；注视keepaneyeon照看；留意keeponeseyesopen留心看着；保持警惕runoneseyesover扫视，浏览seeeyetoeye看法完全一致fixoneseyeson盯住,1.)妥协,和解CU(+between)Ihopeweshallcometoacompromise.我希望我们能达成妥协。2.)妥协方案,折衷办法;折衷物CTheinteriordecorationofthehouseisacompromisebetweenChineseandforeignstyles.这所房子的内部装饰是中西两式的折衷物。,promisen.妥协；和解；折中,网上文摘,TheEuropeanUnionisconsideringacompromiseRussianproposalonIransnuclearprogrammethatwouldpermitsomenuclearprocessingonIranianterritory-eventhoughtheEUhadpreviouslyruledthisout.,Therewillbenocompromiseonplanstoallowpolicetodetainterroristsuspectsforupto90dayswithoutcharge,homesecretaryCharlesClarkesaidlastnight.,TheleaderofthenationslargestanimalbreedingregistryjoinedanimalwelfaregroupsTuesdayinurgingCongresstoexpandfederalregulationofso-calledpuppymills.,22.Regulationn.规章；规则；条例,Frenchaccountingfirmsarebeingforcedtobalancethechallengeofaflateconomywithanunclearpictureofdomesticindependenceregulation.,23.takeintoaccount=takeintoconsideration把考虑在内,Ihopemyteacherwilltakeintoaccountmyillnesswhenhegradesourtestpaper.,Thebridgeissolongthattheshapeoftheearthhadtobetakenintoaccountbyitsdesigner.,相关词汇,ShegaveanaccountofwhathesawinChina.他描述了他在中国看到的事情。,Thesuspectcouldntaccountforhistimethatnight.嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间安排,Afreewaylanecrossoverhasbeendelayedonedayonaccountofrain,thestateDepartmentofTransportationannouncedWednesday.,Apaperthatidentifieswhatyouthinkisastrengthorshortcomingcommontomultiplereadingsandthatmakesanargumentaboutwhyitisastrengthorshortcoming.Ifyouareidentifyingashortcoming,perhapsdiscusshowtheshortcomingcouldbeimprovedupon.,24.Shortcoming缺点；短处,25.embarrassvt.1.)使窘;使不好意思,使局促不安(+with/by)Arthurseemedembarrassedbythequestion.亚瑟似乎被这个问题弄得有些窘迫。2.)使负债;使拮据Alargefamilyembarrassedhim.他子女多,这使他经济拮据。3.)妨碍,阻碍Wearingtheheavycoatembarrassedhismovements.穿着厚大衣妨碍了他的行动。,Thequeenplannedtostayawaytorespectthecoupleswishforalow-keywedding,thepalacesaid.Butsomeroyalwatcherssaidthemovewouldfurtherembarrasstheroyalfamilyandaddtoanairoffarce（闹剧）aroundtheApril8ceremony.,网上文摘,26.resignvi.（常与from连用）辞去（职务）,AsmalltownmayoralcandidateinPennsylvaniasayshewillresignfromthepostifhewinsre-election.,FRANKFORT,Ky.-Gov.ErnieFletchersaidyesterdaythathehasnointentionofresigningbecausehisformerpersonneladvisersuggestedinane-mailthathedosotohelptheKentuckyRepublicanParty.,把.托交给,委托(+to/into)Sheresignedherchildrentothecareofhersister.她把孩子交给她妹妹照管。,使听从,使顺从(+to)Heisresignedtohisfate.或Heresignedhimselftohisfate.他听天由命。,27.Ambitiousadj.有雄心的；雄心勃勃的；渴望,Theyareambitiousalthoughtheyarepoor.他们虽穷却很有志气。,Everyoneisambitiousofsuccessinlife.每个人都渴望在人生中能飞黄腾达。,Paulisambitioustogettheposition.保罗渴望能得到这个职务。,28.asawhole：allpartsoraspectsconsidered;altogether:,Ontheotherhand,thesocietyandtheuniverseasawholeshouldbethegroundoftheexistenceandthesourceofthevalueofanyindividualself.,相关用法,onthewhole总的看来：onthewhole,theyareahappymarriage.总的看来，他们是个幸福的结合,29.definiteadj.1.)明确的,确切的Shemadenodefiniteanswer.她没有作确定的回答。2.)一定的,肯定的Itsdefinitethathellbelateagain.他肯定又要迟到。,30.congratulatevt.1.)祝贺;恭喜(+on/upon)Icongratulateyouonyourgreatdiscovery.我祝贺你的伟大发现。Iwanttocongratulateyouwithallmyheart.我衷心地祝贺你。2.)(后接oneself)自我庆幸(+on)Hecongratulatedhimselfonhavingsurvivedtheair-crash.他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于死。,31.smooth平滑的,平坦的,平稳的,无毛的,流畅的,圆滑的,安祥的,asaverb:,Howtosmoothawaythelanguagedifficulties如何突破语言障碍,Thetwogenerationsneedtosmoothawaydisagreement.Parentscanspendmuchtimestayingwiththeirchildrenandpatientlycarryoutthedutyoffamilyeducation.,32.financen.1.)财政;金融;财政学U2.)财源;资金;(国家的)岁入;财务情况PThecountrysfinanceshaveimproved.这个国家财政状况改善了。vt.供资金给;融资,为.筹措资金Ourprojectisrarelyfinanced.我们的工程资金不足。,Hisselectionplaceshimamongthetop32playersinthestate,whichisanexceptionalachievementfortheyoungParkesRailwayBowlingClubmember.,33.Exceptional.,ApartfromthefactthattwentysevenactsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertising,noregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.,34.Liveupto不辜负；实践；做到,WhatweneedtodoatthepresenttimeistostartupvarioustasksandensuretheimplementationofallprojectssoastomaintainthefavorablesituationofsocialandeconomicdevelopmentandliveuptotheexpectationofAnhuipeople.,1)追；追捕；追杀；追击Thepolicearepursuinganescapedprisoner.警方正在追捕一个