ORACLE11GRMAN复制数据库(LINUX版).ppt

ORACLE11gRMAN复制数据库（LINUX版）,主讲：李金峰,环境,操作系统目标数据库：RedHatEnterprise5.5复制数据库：CentOS5.5数据库：都为ORACLE11g,CentOS5.5,操作系统,RedHat5.5,目标数据库和复制数据库,目标数据库：被复制数据库（targetdatabase)复制数据库：复杂数据库（duplicatedatabase)IP及实例:目标库：192.168.75.137LI复杂库：192.168.75.132LI,在复制数据库上的操作步骤,1,3,2,4,5,6,1安装oracle软件,只安装软件，不安装库环境变量最好和目标库一致数据库实例最好和目标库一样安装目录最好和目标库一样,1.1安装oracle必须的软件包,binutils-2.17.50.0.6compat-libstdc+-33-3.2elfutils-libelf-0.125elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125gcc-4.1.2gcc-c+-4.1.2glibc-2.5-24glibc-common-2.5glibc-devel-2.5glibc-headers-2.5,ksh-20060214libaio-0.3.106libaio-devel-0.3.106libgcc-4.1.2libstdc+-4.1.2libstdc+-devel4.1.2make-3.81sysstat-7.0.2unixODBC-2.2.11unixODBC-devel-2.2.11,1.2检测软件包是否安装,在命令行中输入如下命令：rootlocalhost#rpm-qbinutilscompat-libstdc+elfutils-libelfelfutils-libelf-develgccgcc-c+glibcglibc-develglilbc-headerskshlibaiolibaio-devellibgcclibstdc+libstdc+-develmakesysstatunixODBCunixODBC-devel,1.3下载并安装软件包,如果软件包没有安装会有类似下边的输出：packageglilbc-headersisnotinstalled软件包下载地址：,1.4创建用户及安装目录,rootlocalhost#groupaddoinstallrootlocalhost#groupadddbarootlocalhost#useradd-d/u01/app/oraclerootlocalhost#passwdoraclerootlocalhost#mkdir-p/u01/app/oraclerootlocalhost#mkdir-p/opt/oraclerootlocalhost#chown-Roracle:oinstall/u01/app/oraclerootlocalhost#chown-Roracle:oinstall/opt/oraclerootlocalhost#chmod755-R/u01/approotlocalhost#chmod755-R/opt/oacle,1.5配置oracle限制参数,rootlocalhost#vi/etc/security/limits.conf添加如下限制参数oraclesoftnproc2047oraclehardnproc16384oraclesoftnofile1024oraclehardnofile65536rootlocalhost#vi/etc/pam.d/login添加如下参数sessionrequiredpam_llimits.so,1.6配置内核参数,rootlocalhost#vi/etc/sysctl.conf添加如下参数kernel.shmall=268435456fs.file-max=6815744fs.aio-max-nr=1048576kernel.sem=25032000100128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=102465000net.core.rmem_default=4194304net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048586,1.7设置用户环境变量,rootlocalhost#su-oracleoraclelocalhost$vi/home/oracle/.bash_profile添加如下代码umask022exportORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.0.1/db_1exportORACLE_SID=li1PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/Opatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATHexportPATHexportLC_ALL=en_usexportLANG=en_usexportNLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBKexportNLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DDHH24:MI:SS,1.8上传安装包并解压,切换到oracle用户rootlocalhost#su-oracle上传安装包把oracle安装包linux_11gR1_database.zip上传传至/opt/oracle下（用oracle用户传）解压安装包oraclelocalhost$unziplinux_11gR1_database.zip,1.9执行安装命令,在oracle安装机器上执行如下命令：oraclelocalhost$su-rootrootlocalhost#xhost+然后执行命令：rootlocalhost#su-oracleoraclelocalhost$exportDISPLAY=:0执行安装命令：oraclelocalhost$cd/opt/oracle/database/oraclelocalhostdatabase$./runInstaller,1.10选择安装方式,这里选择AdvanceInstallation按钮，执行高级安装。,1.11确认登入目录,这里直接点击Next按钮。,1.12选择安装位置,这里直接点击Next。,1.13安装前检测,如果没有errors,点击Next。,1.14激活产品组建,这里直接点击Next。,1.15给系统组分配权限,这里直接点击Next。,1.16创建数据库,选择installdatabasesoftwareonly,然后点击Next,1.17安装,安装.,1.18执行脚本,打开新窗口：su-root执行脚本：执行对话框里的两个脚本执行完，点击Ok具体执行情况，请看下页,1.19脚本执行情况,执行结果！,1.20安装结束,安装结束，点击Exit按钮,2创建密码文件,密码文件的格式orapw+sid切换到密码文件存放的目录oraclelocalhost$cd$ORACLE_HOME/dbs创建密码文件oraclelocalhostdbs$orapwdfile=orapwlipassword=ljfentries=5;,3创建复制库的数据库目录,oraclelocalhost$mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/li/adumporaclelocalhost$mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/li/dpdumporaclelocalhost$mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/li/pfileoraclelocalhost$mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lioraclelocalhost$mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area,4创建spfile,在目标数据库创建pfile,语句如下：SQLcreatepfile=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.0.1/db_1/dbs/initli.orafromspfile;把pfile拷贝到复制数据库上：oraclelocalhost$scpinitli.oraoracle192.168.75.132:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.0.1/dbs/在复制数据库上创建spfile:SQLcreatespfilefrompfile=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.0.1/dbs/initli.ora;,5创建监听,切换目录：oraclelocalhost$cd/u01/app/oracle/product/11.0.1/db_1/network/admin/把目标库监听拷贝到复制库上，命令如下：oraclelocalhostadmin$scplistener.oratnsnames.oraoracle192.168.75.132:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.0.1/db_1/network/admin/,5.1修改监听,修改tnsname.ora如下：LITA=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.75.137)(PORT=1521)(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=li)LI=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.75.132)(PORT=1521)(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=li),5.2测试监听,监听创建好了，要测试下能不能连接上目标库，命令如下oraclelocalhost$tnspinglita;如果不通，有如下几种可能：a.复制库的tnsname.ora配置有误；b.目标库的监听没有启动，查看命令如下：oraclelocalhost$lsnrctlstatus启动命令如下：oraclelocalhost$lsnrctlstartc.目标数据库的防火墙阻挡了监听，关闭防火墙的命令如下：rootlocalhost#serviceiptablesstop,6复制数据库,在复制数据库中创建存放备份脚本的目录将目标数据库置于归档模式备份目标数据库把备份文件传送到复制数据库上复制数据库,6.1创建存放脚本的目录,在复制数据库中打开一个窗口切换到oracle用户：rootlocalhost#su-oracle创建目录：oraclelocalhost#mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/duplicate,6.2归档,在目标库上备份之前，要先归档查看是否归档的命令：SQLarchiveloglist;关闭数据库：SQLshutdownimmediate;启动到mount状态：SQLstartupmount;归档：SQLalterdatabasearchivelog;重启数据库：SQLalterdatabaseopen,6.3备份目标数据库,oraclelocalhost#rmantarget/脚本：runallocatechannelc1typedisk;sqlaltersystemarchivelogcurrent;backupformat/u01/app/oracle/duplicate/data_%U.bkpdatabaseplusarchivelogformat/u01/app/oracle/duplicate/arch_%U.bkp;backupcurrentcontrolfileformat/u01/app/oracle/duplicate/cont_%U