2019年高考英语一轮复习 专题02 The Olympic Games（教学案）新人教版必修2.doc

专题02 The Olympic Games 【考纲解读】1. 通过对古代和现代奥运会的了解，增加对阅读文章的理解。2. 通过学习文章了解更多的关于古代和现代奥运会的差别，激发学生更深层次地了解奥运会的发展史。 【高频单词】1ancient (adj.) 古代的；古老的2pete (vi.) 比赛；竞争petition (n.) 竞争petitive (adj.) 竞争的；有竞争性的petitor (n.) 竞争者3Greece (n.)希腊Greek (adj.)希腊(人)的；希腊语的 (n.) 希腊人；希腊语4magical (adj.)巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的magic (n.) 魔术；法术；巫术5volunteer (n.) 志愿者；志愿兵 (adj.) 志愿的；义务的 (vt.& vi.) 自愿 voluntary(adj.)6regular (adj.) 规则的；定期的；常规的regulation (n.) 规则；规章制度7basis (n.) 基础；根据bases (pl.) 基础；根据basic (adj.) 基本的；基础的8admit (vt. & vi.) 容许；承认；接纳admission (n.) 准入；准许admitted (过去式/过去分词)9slave (n.) 奴隶slavery (n.) 奴隶制10host (vt.) 做东；主办；招待 (n.) 主人11responsibility (n.) 责任；职责responsible (adj.) 有责任心的12replace (vt.) 取代；替换；代替13swift (adj.) 快的；迅速的14charge (vt. & vi.) 收费；控诉 (n.) 费用；主管15physical (adj.) 物理的；身体的physics 物理学16advertise (vt. & vi.) 做广告；登广告advertiser (n.) 广告商advertisement (n.) 广告17bargain (vi.) 讨价还价；讲条件 (n.) 便宜货18hopeless (adj.) 没有希望的；绝望的hopeful (adj.) 有希望的19foolish (adj.) 愚蠢的；傻的fool (vt.) 愚弄；欺骗20pain (n.) 疼痛；痛苦painful (adj.) 令人痛苦的21deserve (vi. & vt.) 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得【重点短语】1in_charge 主管；看管2on_purpose 故意地；蓄意地3make_a_bargain_with_sb. 与某人达成协议；与某人讨价还价4pick_up 拾起；接收；搭车；恢复；好转；(偶然)学会5work_out 计算出；理解；解决；锻炼6one_after_another 陆续地；一个接一个地 7pete_in 参加(比赛，竞赛)8take_part_in 参加；参与9stand_for 代表；象征；表示10as_well 也；又；还11apart_from 除之外【热点句型】1nor放于句首的倒装句No other countries could join in, nor_could_slaves_or_women (奴隶和妇女也不能参加)！(教材P10)2not only.but (also).“不仅而且”Women are not_only_allowed (不但被允许)，but_play_a_very_ important_role_in(而且在中发挥重要作用)gymnastics, athletics, team sports and.(教材P10)3as much不可数名词as.“和(在程度上)是一样的”Theres as_much_petition among countries to host the Olympics as_to_win_Olympic_medals (跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈)(教材P10)4the比较级(.)，the比较级(.)“越就越”This is important because the_more_you_speak_English,_ the_ better_your_English_will_bee (你说英语越多，你的英语就越好) 高频考点一、单词例1、pete vi.比赛；竞争How many countries peted in the ancient Olympic Games？(P9)有多少国家参加了古代奥运会？【归纳拓展】(1)pete in参加比赛/竞争pete for为而竞争pete against/with sb. for sth.与某人竞争某物(2)petition n比赛；竞争petitor n比赛者；对手petitive adj.有竞争力的；竞争性的【名师点睛】pete多用作不及物动词，必须跟适当的介词才能跟宾语。表示与某人比赛用with或against；表示比赛的目的用for；表示比赛参与的项目时用in。【语境助记】Like many young athletes, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from peting_in the Games.和其他的年轻运动员一样，她也有奥运梦想，但严重的疾病使她无法参加奥运会比赛。Life is like a long race where we pete_with others to go beyond ourselves.人生就像长跑比赛，在这场比赛中我们常常在与他人的竞争过程中来超越自己。Young children will usually pete_for their mothers attention.小孩通常都会在母亲面前争宠。Nobody can entirely keep away from this petitive world.没有人能够完全远离这个充满竞争的社会。There is now intense petition between schools to attract students.现在学校之间为了招揽生源展开了激烈竞争。例2、admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳；容纳Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as petitors.(P10)只有比赛项目达标的运动员才有资格成为参赛者。【归纳拓展】 (1)admitn./doing/having done/that从句 承认某事/(已经)做了某事admit to sb. that 向某人承认admit sb./sth. to_be.承认某人/物是be admitted as作为被接受be admitted to/into获准进入/加入It is admitted that.人们公认(2)admission n进入；许可；入场券；承认，坦白【语境助记】He was admitted_as a member of the baseball team.他被接受成为棒球队的一名队员。It is_admitted_that reading is mostly a personal activities which needs quietness and concentration.人们公认，读书在很大程度上是一个私人活动，它需要安静和专心。The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to_be_admitted_into my favorite university will e true.考试结果很可能如我所料，我被我最喜欢的大学录取的梦想将会实现。When the police questioned him, George admitted having_stolen the car.当警察审讯他时，乔治承认他偷了那辆车。She failed to gain admission_to the university of her choice.她未被自己选择的大学录取。I couldnt admit_to my parents that I was finding the course difficult.我无法向父母实话实说，我觉得这门课程很难。例3、replace vt.取代；替换；代替；把放回原处So even the olive wreath has been replaced！(P10)就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！【归纳拓展】replace sth. with/by sth.用替换take the place oftake_ones_place代替in place of 代替replacement n. 替换；更换；接替者【语境助记】It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced_by puters in class.人们普遍认为在课堂上老师永远不会被电脑取代。Its not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks.不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。The glass doors have_taken_the_place_of the wooden ones at the entrance.玻璃门已经取代了入口处的木门。He was unable to e to the ceremony, but he sent his son to accept the award in_place_of him.他不能亲自来参加仪式，但派了他儿子前来代他领奖。例4、charge n费用；主管 vt.& vi.收费；控诉；充电.duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong.(P12)所负担的责任以及事情出错后会陷入的麻烦。【归纳拓展】(1)charge sb. for sth.为某物向某人收费charge sb. with sth.指控某人某事(2)in charge of主管；看管；负责in the charge of.在掌管之下take charge of负责；掌管free of charge免费【名师点睛】(1)in charge of往往以人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事”；in the charge of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有in the possession of和in possession of， in control of和in the control of等。(2)charge和accuse都有“指控，控告”之意，但是charge常与介词with搭配，而accuse常与介词of搭配。【语境助记】He was_in_charge_of/took_charge_of the pany while the boss was absent.当老板不在时，他负责整个公司。As long as youve paid in advance, we wont charge_you_for delivery.只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。Bob was_charged_with the murder, but he refused to admit it.鲍勃因一起谋杀案被指控，但他没有承认。We can deliver goods to your door free_of_charge.我们可以免费送货上门。例5、bargain vi.& vt.讨价还价；讲条件 n便宜货Her father said that she must marry, so Atalanta made a bargain with him.(P14)父亲说她必须结婚，于是阿塔兰忒就和父亲达成了一个协议。【归纳拓展】(1)bargain with sb. about/over/for sth.和某人就某事讨价还价(2)make a bargain with sb.和某人达成协议(3)a good/bad bargain买得(不)合算Its_a_real_bargain. 这可真是个便宜货。【名师点睛】【语境助记】They were_bargaining_with each other about/over the price of coffee.他们在为咖啡的价格进行商议。Father made_a_bargain_with the real estate agent when we bought our new house.当我们买新房时，父亲与那个房地产经纪人达成了协议。In my opinion, the car was a bargain at that price.依我来看，那辆车的价格真便宜。例6、deserve vi. & vt.值得；应当(受到)Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race？(P15)你认为希波墨涅斯应该(算)赢得比赛吗？【归纳拓展】 (1)deserve_sth. 值得；应受(2)deserve to_do应该做某事(3)deserve doing/to be done应受；值得(4)deserving adj.值得的；应得的【名师点睛】deserve后接名词或doing sth.，常用主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动语态，该用法与want， need， require的类似用法相同。【语境助记】She worked day and night and now she deserves_a_good_rest.她日夜工作，现在她应该得到很好的休息。He deserves_to_lose in the petition because he cheated.他活该输掉比赛，因为他作弊了。No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves_our_respect.无论一个工作多么普通，它在社会中都起着一份作用，所以值得我们的尊重。It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to_be_respected.正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才值得尊敬。The man donates money to a deserving cause every year.这个男人每年都要捐钱给一个值得赞助的事业。高频考点二、短语例1take part in 参加；参与Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games？(P9)谁不能参加古代奥运会？【归纳拓展】take part injoin in 参加take an active part in积极参加play a part in 在中起作用；在中扮演角色【名师点睛】(1)take part in是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词。(2)在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。【语境助记】Take_part_in ecotravel and you will find it will help you understand the importance of nature.参加生态旅游，你就会发现这项活动有助于你理解自然的重要性。It goes without saying that taking_an_active_part_in_social_ activities can broaden our horizons.不言而喻，积极参加社会活动能开阔我们的视野。China is playing_a_more_important_part_in the international affairs.中国在国际事务中正起着越来越重要的作用。一言辨异My brother attended a law school after he left middle school. Yesterday he took_part_in the meeting held in his class. He joined_in the discussion whether they would join a theater club. At last, most students signed up for it, including my brother.我的哥哥中学毕业后上了一所法律学校。昨天，他参加了一场在他们班举行的会议。他参与讨论了是否他们应该参加一个戏剧俱乐部。最后，许多学生报名参加了，也包括我的哥哥。例2、used to 过去常常；过去曾经(后接动词原形)I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. (P9)很久以前，我常常写一些关于奥运会的情况。【归纳拓展】(1)否定形式：used not to动词原形usednt to动词原形did not use to动词原形didnt use to动词原形(2)疑问形式：used主语to动词原形did主语useto动词原形(3)There used to be.过去曾经有；过去曾存在(4)be used to_do sth. 被用来做be used to doing sth. 习惯于【语境助记】I used_to smoke, but I gave up a couple of years ago.我以前吸烟，但几年前就戒掉了。We are/get_used_to the noise from the traffic now.现在我们已经适应车辆往来的噪音了。Im not used to eating_so_much at lunchtime.我不习惯午饭吃那么多。例3、as well 也；又；还(常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用)For each Olympics, a special village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for petitions, and a gymnasium as well.(P10)每届奥运会都要建一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住宿，一个主接待楼、几个比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。【归纳拓展】(1)as well as用作连词，连接两个相同成分，如：名词、形容词、动词、介词等，通常不位于句首。此时as well as强调的重点在前面，意为“不但而且；既又；除了之外，还有”。(2)as well as作介词，相当于besides,_in_addition_to，意为“除之外，还”，后面通常接名词或动词ing形式。(3)当主语含有as well as时，谓语动词须和as well as前面的主语在数上保持一致。(4)may/might as well表示委婉的建议，一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议，意思是“我们不妨；我们还是吧”。【语境助记】2016北京高考New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as_well.新经历经常意味着冒一些风险，这样你的大脑也就提高了风险承受的能力。2016江苏高考She intends to fight to make it a womans as_well_as a mans world. 她打算为使这个世界不仅属于男性，也属于女性而奋斗。She can sing; she can play the piano as_well.她会唱歌，她也会弹钢琴。Future agriculture should depend on high technology as_well_as traditional methods.未来的农业应依靠传统方式，也要靠高科技。The weather is so bad that we may/might_as_well stay at home.天气太糟了，我们倒不如待在家里。易混辨析as well用于肯定句，只用于句尾also用于肯定句，常用于句中(动词前面或系动词be后面)too用于肯定句，通常用在句尾，前面常有逗号，也可用在句中，前后都有逗号either用于否定句，常用于语句末用as well, also, too和either填空aNot only I like this movie, but my mother likes it as_well.bThe researchers also looked at whether the teens had been trying to lose weight.cOnce united, we mon people are able to conquer nature, too.dHe did not even say anything to her, and she did not speak to him either.高频考点三、句型例1、No other countries could join in, nor_could_slaves_or_ women! (P10)别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！【归纳拓展】(1)句型“nor/neither系动词/助动词/情态动词另一个主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不”。(2)句型“so系动词/助动词/情态动词另一个主语”用于肯定陈述句之后，表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或物。(3)句型“so it is (was) with/it is (was) the same with另一主语”既能表示肯定意义，又能表示否定意义，其主要用于以下情况：上文有两个分句；上文有两个(或两个以上)不同谓语；上文既有肯定也有否定。(4)句型“so主语系动词/助动词/情态动词”中的主语与前一句的主语通常是指同一个人或物，主语、谓语不需要倒装。这种句型表示说话者赞同前句所提到的情况或事实，其中的so作“不错；确实如此”讲。(5)“主语doso”在上下文中用来避免重复，可译为“某人/物那样做了”。【语境助记】Jane wont join us for dinner tonight and nor/neither_will_Tom.简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会。Frank likes to keep pets and so_does_his_wife.弗兰克喜欢养宠物，他妻子也一样。Mary was born in Australia and she lived in the United States. So_it_was_with_Jane./It_was_the_same_with_Jane.玛丽在澳大利亚出生，在美国居住。简也是。Putin has been named the worlds most powerful person by Forbes magazine for the third year in a row.So_he_has.普京在连续三年中第三年被评为福布斯全球最具权力人物。确实是。He asked me to e and I_did_so.他让我来，于是我就来了。例2、Theres as_much_petition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.(P10)国与国之间争取奥运会举办权的竞争，就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。【归纳拓展】(1) as.as“像那样；正如”。第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连词，引导比较状语从句；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。当as.as中间有名词时，应采用以下格式：asadj.a/ann.(单数)as或asmany/muchn.(复数/不可数)as(2)否定句式：not as/so.as.意为“不如”(3).times asadj./adv. as.“是的几倍”。表达倍数的词必须置于比较结构之前。(两倍时用twice)【语境助记】Obviously, the boy doesnt work as_hard_as many of his classmates.显然，这个男孩不像他的许多同学那么刻苦。Getting rid of a bad habit is as_much a struggle as forming a good one.摆脱坏习惯就像养成好习惯一样需要艰苦努力。She has as_sweet_a_voice_as her mother.她有像她妈妈的一样甜美的声音。Petrol is three times as_expensive_as it was a few years ago in China.在中国汽油比几年前贵了两倍。例3、This is important because the_more you speak English, the_better your English will bee.(P16)这是重要的，因为你讲英语越多，你的英语将越好。【归纳拓展】(1)“the比较级(主语谓语)，the比较级(主语谓语)”意为“越就越”。(2)“比较级and比较级”意为“越来越”，表示本身程度的变化。【名师点睛】“the比较级，the比较级”结构有时可以转化为if条件从句，如：下面例可改为：You will make greater progress if you work harder.【语境助记】The_harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，进步就越大。The_more_careful_you_are,_the fewer mistakes you will make.你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。The_higher you stand, the_farther you will see.你站得越高就看得越远。More_and_more_cars are running in the streets today, in which case, more_and_more_waste_gas will be released into the air.在今天越来越多的汽车在街上穿梭，在这种情况下，将会有越来越多的废气被排入空气中。高频考点四、语法一般将来时的被动语态1.定义一般将来时的被动语态表示在现在看来将来某一时刻或时段里即将要发生的被动动作。句中常有tomorrow, soon, next year, in a few days, in the future, sometime等时间状语。2.结构(1)will/shall be doneIf you park your car here, you will be fined.如果你将车停在这儿，你将被罚款。(2)am/is/are going to be done表示计划、安排或打算被做These letters are going to be typed and sent off very soon.这些信件将很快打好并发出。(3)am/is/are to be done表示注定要、一定会被做或计划、安排将要发生的被动动作The machines are to be repaired tonight.今晚一定会修理这些机器。(4)am/is/are about to be done表示立即或马上就要发生的被动动作The polluted water is about to be cleaned.被污染的水即将被净化。(5)am/is/are done用于状语从句中表示将来要发生或完成的被动动作When our classroom is decorated, it will be more beautiful.当我们的教室被装修完毕时，它会更加漂亮。(6)will/shallget doneThe workers will get paid before the end of December.这些工人将在12月底前拿到工资。 【2018江苏】请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Metropolitan Museum of Art1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028211-535-7710 .EntrancesFifth Avenue at 82nd StreetHoursOpen 7 days a week.Sunday-Thursday 10:00-17:30Friday and Saturday 10:00-21:00Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25,January 1,and the first Monday in May.Admission$25.00 remended for adults, $12.00 remended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters(回廊）on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult.Free with AdmissionAll special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours, concerts, gallery talks, andfamily/childrens programs are free with admission.Ask about todays activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.The Cloisters Museum and GardensThe Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages. The extensivecollection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.Hours: Open 7 days a week.March-October 10:00-17:15November-February 10:00-16:45Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25,and January 1.56. How much may they pay if an 11-year-old girl and her working parents visit the museum?A. $12.B. $37.C. $ 50.D. $ 6257. The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that _.A.it opens all the year round B. its collections date from the Middle AgesC.it has a modern European-style garden D.it sells excellent European glass collections【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了英国艺术博物馆和修道院博物馆的参观指南，包括参观时间、价格、特点等。 57.B 细节理解题。根据The Cloisters Museum and Gardens部分第一句“The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages.”可知，修道院博物馆和花园的收藏品来自中世纪欧洲，故选B项。BIn the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that boasted(享有）a special meat soup called consomme. Although the main attraction was the soup, Rozes chain shops also set a new standard for dining out, which helped to establish Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant.Today, scholars have generated large amounts of instructive research about restaurants. Takevisual hints that influence what we eat: diners served themselves about 20 percent more pasta(意大利面食）when their plates matched their food. When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.Lighting matters, too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate in darkness, they couldnt tell how much theyd had: those given extra-large shares ate more than everyone else, but were none the wiserthey didnt feel fuller, and they were just as ready for dessert.Time is money, but that principle means different things for different types of restaurants. Unlike fast-food places. fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way toencourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特）.Whenclassical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners out.Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草）stayed longerand spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent.Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spendingbad tables, crowding.high prices dont necessarily. Diners at bad tables next to the kitchen door, say spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not be overly concerned about bad tables, given that theyre profitable. As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurants reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices. And doubling a buffets price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.58. The underlined phrase none the wiser in paragraph 3 most probably implies that the customers were .A. not aware of eating more than usual B. not willing to share food with othersC. not conscious of the food quality D. not fond of the food provided59. How could a fine dining shop make more profit?A. playing classical music.B. Introducing lemon scent.C. Making the light brighter,D. Using plates of larger size.60. What does the last paragraph talk about?A. Tips to attract more customers.B. Problems restaurants are faced with.C. Ways to improve restaurants reputation.D. mon misunderstandings about restaurants.【答案】58. A 59. A 60. D【解析】本文为议论文。本文介绍了现代餐馆刺激消费和食欲的几种方法，以及人们对餐厅的一些错误看法。 59. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特）可知，要想让客人呆的时间更长应该播放莫扎特等古典音乐而不是流行音乐。Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草）stayed longer and spent more than those who smell