英语考试作文写作技巧.doc

英语考试作文写作技巧 i.大总体结构 Introduction(开篇):第一段 Body(论证):第二到第四段(或第二,第三段) Conclusion(总结):第五段(或第四段) 第一段写法（Introduction) 完整版:背景句(介绍题目)+A观点+转折词+B观点+个人观点+过渡 简化版:背景句(介绍题目)+个人观点 推荐使用：背景句(介绍题目)+个人观点+过渡句 StepOne:UsefulExpression： 优缺点类型的关键词 Advantagesanddisadvantages Benefitsanddangers Strengthsandweakness Meritsanddrawbacks Positiveandnegative Prosandcons blessingandcurse StepTwo:TransitionalWords Body部分的段落衔接词 若干层次： Tobeginwith/Firstly/Firstandforemost Secondly/Inaddition/Whatismore Inthethirdplace/Furthermore/Lastbutnotleast Body部分的段落衔接词二 第一段不用连接词： 第二段使用also,moreover,besides, 或者italsomightbenotedthat, 第三段:anothervitalevidencewhichshouldbeillustratedtoverifymyopinionisthatBody段落的衔接词三 Proponents,opponents Fromoneside,fromtheotherside Peoplewhosupporttheformerideaholdthat Onthecontrary,therearestillmanyopponentsarguingthat 多样性论证方式之举例 UsefulExpressions 1.forexample,forinstance,takesthasexample, 2.sthisavividacaseinpoint,acaseinpointisthat 举例:AcaseinpointisthatagreatnumberofAmericanyouthacrossthecontinentwhenthey justpletetheirschooljobs. 3.Wecouldfindnumerousexamplestocite: Wecouldfindnumerousexamples,suchas 4.symbolize,symbolic,signify, isanexcellentmetaphorfor, 论证方式之引用 Apopular/old/saying/proverb/slanggoeslikethis: 练习：英格兰有句俗语,大卫.贝克汉姆的黄金右脚. ThereisaprevalentsayinginEnglandthatDavidBeckhamhasgoldenrightfoot. ApopularsayinginEnglandgoeslikethis：Davidbeckhamsrightfoot. 论证方式之引用 Awidely/powerfully/tremendously副词 aepted/authorized/undeniable/形容词 survey/theory/statistics/argument名词 conducted/exposed/ledbysome后置定语 experts/media/newspaper/institute名词 indicates/displays/exposes/illustrates/reveal动词that 简化:Awidelyaeptedsurveyconductedbysomeexpertsindicatesthat 论证方式之因果 Leadto,contributeto/resultfrom,derivefrom,arisefrom Dueto,owingto,thanksto,onaountof Asaresultof,consequenceof,consequently,inconsequence Therefore,hence,thus,thereby(副词不能跟从句)举例:andtherefore 结尾段写法 结尾段由结论句+口号/建议/说明句构成。 不要太短,两句或三句为适宜。 1.结论句=结论词+题目观点（再次转述题目,可以部分引用题目,很容易和开头段观点写法重复） 结论句与结论词 1.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecanstronglydrawtheconclusionthat 2.Weighingalltheprosandconsofthisissue/Takingintoallthefactorsofthisissue,wemayrelatively/parativelygettheconclusionthat 3.tosumup,inasummary,inaword,inasentence,asaconclusion,Ithink,Ihold,Iregard,.结尾段模板口号句与展望句 1.Itishightimethatweshoulddo 举例：itishightimethatweshouldcarryoutdeepermethodstoavoidthisdisastrouscirculation.结尾段其他模板 Inconclusion,Iholdweshouldnever+驳斥的观点 Onthecontrary,肯定的观点 Theresultwillbe Myexperiencetellsmethatto_needs athoroughandperseveringprocess,and inthisprocessyouhadbetterabidebythe principlesmentionedabove. 结尾段其他模板 Inaword,thewholesocietyshouldpaycloseattentiontotheproblemof_.Onlyinthiswaycan_inthefuture. Inmyopinion,_isjustasmonas_.If_,itmaybeveryuseful.Whatever_,thekeypointliesin_. Allinall,wecannotlivewithout_.Butatthesametimewemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewithproblemsthatwouldarise. Onthewhole,itishightimethatwerecognizedthesignificanceof_. Althoughitisaffectedbymanyfactors,stilltherearecertainwaysthatcanmakethesituationbetter.Themostimportis_.Anotherwayis_.Stillanotheroneis_. Manysolutionsareofferedhere,allofthemmakesomesense,butnoneisadequateenough.Theproblemshouldbestudiedindepth. Wemayhavealongwaytogobeforewereachthefinalgoal.Butonceweareontheway,thechancetoreachitisgreater. AsfarasIamconcerned,Itrusttheadvantagesmentionedaboveexceedthedisadvantages.ii.观点句 观点句由观点词+观点来完成 Asforme,Isidewiththeformer/latter. Frommyview,Iapprove AsfarasIamconcerned, Inmyopinion, Inviewofthesepoints, 特殊的观点表示方式 动词:1.agree,believe 2.consider,regard,treat 3.hold,argue,claim,insist,persist,maintain,approve,advocate,assert, 其他词性用法: Iamabelieverin,Iamsoconvincedthat,Asatruthfuladvocatein 一边讨论型过渡句 Inthefollowingparagraphs,Iwouldpresentsomereasons. Afewexplanationswouldbepresentedasfollows. Thusessentialandpersuasiveevidenceswouldbeprovidedinthesubsequentparagraphstoverifymyperspective. 两边讨论型过渡句 Peoplecouldrarelyreachaconsensuswithoutafiercedebateonthisissue. Alltheblessingsandcurseswillbefullyexposedinthefollowingparagraphs. Consequently,Iwilldiscussthisissuefrombothtwosidesrespectively. iii.背景句 Asoneofthemostsignificantinvention/phenomenoninthe20thcentury,_hasagreatapplication/influenceinmanyaspectsofourlives.科技发明类 Alongwiththeincreasingdevelopmentofscienceandeconomy,agreatnumberofissuesarebroughttoourattentions,oneofwhichisthat_.社会类 Noonecouldhavefailedtonoticethefactthat_isanoticeable/grave/severeissuewithwhich_areconfronted.社会类 Recentlytheissueofwhetherornot_(讨论话题)hasbeenintheargumentsandhasarousedwideconcerninthepublic.社会类 Thepastdecadeshavewitnessedthegreatpopularityof科技/社会 Beingacontroversialissue,hasarousedagreatdealofattentioninsocietyduringthepastdecades.社会类 Noissueinrecentyearshasdrawnasmuchattentionasthedebateconcerning科技/社会一切主题都适用 Therehaslongbeenpuzzled/ confused/aeptedthat. Itisuniversallypuzzled/confused/aepted/established/acknowledgedthat Itisobviouslytrue/controversialthat Thereisnodenying/agreement/consensusthat Itisanundeniablefactthat Whenconcerning/arguing/talking/ingtotheissueof_,peoplesideasvaryfromonetoanother.Somepeopleconsiderthat(issignificant),whileothersdenyittotally,claimingthat(ismorereasonable).Isidewiththeformer/latterone. Noissueinrecentyearshasdrawnasmuchattentionasthedebateconcerning.Somepeopleadvocatethat,whileothersclaimthat 关于一些人的其他说法 Traditional/conventional/conservativeideas,someauthorizedmedia,afamousinstitution,someexperts/scholars iv.求职信 求职信信头 Iamwritingtoapplyforthejobwhichwasadvertisedin. FurthertoyouradvertisementinChinaDailyonNov29,xxfora,Iwouldliketobeconsideredforthisvacancyverymuch. 求职信信尾 Thankyouforyourattention.Ilookforwardtoyourreplyandyoucanreachmeby IdohopethatImaybeconsideredforthejobandthatyoumayinvitemeforinterviewinthenearfuture.YoucanreachmebyE-mailliminghotmail. v.看图作文 描述图画 Thepictureshowsthat Alternativesofshow同义替换demonstrate/display/depict/reveal/present/illustrate/indicate/unveil Alternativesofpicture同义替换photo/cartoon/drawing 修饰副词:vividly/clearly Aswecanseefromthecartoon Ascanbeclearlyseenfromtheabovepicture Asisdisplayedinthedrawing Asitisdisplayedinthedrawing Thecartoonvividlydepicts 加以评论(现象原因后果) Itisclearthatthepictureimpliesamonphenomenoninoursocietytoday: Bydrawingthepicture,thepainterintendstoinformusthat Apparently,thepurposeofthispictureistoconveyamessage: Thekeymessageconveyedinthepictureisthat Thiskindofsituationcanbeseenin Thecartoonconveysasignal: Thepicturedeliversamessage: Thedrawingisasymbolthat Whatthepicturereflectsmaybeamon/newphenomenoninChina/inourdailylife/intheyoungergeneration. 具体讲述Whatisthephenomenon? Thispicture/cartoonconveysaclearmessage. 具体讲述Whatisthemessage? Thereareatleastreasonsforthisphenomenon. Whatmayaountforthissocialphenomenon? Manyfactorscontributeto/leadto/bringaboutthisproblem. Anumberoffactorsareresponsibleforthissocialphenomenon. Thecausesfortheproblemareplicated. Theeffectscouldbeadverse/serious/negative. Itwillhaveanegative/undesirableimpacton Thiswillbringsomeseriousconsequences. Thenegativecons