高中英语语法 非谓语动词课件.ppt

a piece of cake,step by step,Non-infinitive,非 谓 解 题 四 步 法,Step 1: 分析句子结构,判断是谓语还是非谓语 1. 1) _many times , but he still couldnt understand it . 2) _many times , he still couldnt understand it . A. Having been told B. telling C. He had been told D. Though he was told 2. 1)_to the left , youll find the post office . 2) If you _to the left, youll find the post office . 3)_to the left and youll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C.Turn D.Turned E.turn,析: , 一般不能连接句子,而;或and/or/but/so可以 连接句子.,C,A,A,E,C,3.Ive never seen anyone run so fast-_David go. Just watch B. just to watch C. Just watching D. just having watched 4. -I was wondering if you could go skiing on the week- end. -_good. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds 5.If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better_it-youve got some big bills coming. A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget 6. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _the same thing. saying B. said C. to say D. having said,析:还要注意一些省略现象.,Step 2: 找逻辑主语,Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D.she hurried to a policeman for help 2. In order to make our city green,_. A. it is necessary to have planted more plant B. many more trees need to pant C. our city needs more trees D.we must plant more trees 3. The idea for the new machine occurred to Mr. Baker _ to his invention recently. A.While devoting B. while devoted C.While he was devoted D. while devoting himself,注:非谓动词做状语 时,它的逻辑主语为 句子的主语.,Mr. Baker came up with the idea for the new machine_ to his invention recently.,B/C/D,非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正 主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。 1. _no buses , we had to walk home . 2. _Sunday I shall have a quiet day at home . A. There being B. Being C. There were D. It being,解析：句1. 表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“there be” 结构，即逻辑主语是“the buses”，故选A 。 句2. 指时间用It , 故选D。,A,D,3. Greatly surprised, I read diary after diary,each_ a different theme. A.expresses B.expressed C.expressing D.to express 4.The dirty clothes_ , the girl hung them up outside. (wash),washed,Step 3: 分析语态(与逻辑主语的主/被动关系) 1.There have been several new events_to the pro -gram for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. A. add B. to add C. adding D. added 2.He glanced over her, _that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. noting B. having noted C. to note D. noted 3.When_ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing many simila- rities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared,_(compare) with those children, we are lucky.,Compared,_with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. Compare B. when comparing C. Comparing D. when compared,误区一Attention! 4.The flowers _sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. smelt B. smelling C. to smell D. to be smelt 5. Mr.Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _. A .blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed,有些非谓动词与它的逻辑主语看似被动关系,但这些动 词或是表示逻辑主语的性质特征(如(5)smell等连系动词), 或是习惯表达(6.sb. be to blame),不用被动形式.类似的还有:,be worth doing ;judging from/by; considering; sth. need/want/require doing(to be done)-,1. The building _now will be a restaurant . 2. The building _next year will be a restaurant. 3. The building _last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B. to be built C. being built D. built,句1中 now 说明大楼正在被修，故用进行式，选C。 句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来的不定式，选B。 句3中 last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词，选D。,C,B,D,Step4: 分析时态(在选定了主动或被动后，还要 考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态.),误区二: 一般体还是完成体? He stood there _for his mother . 2. _for two hours , he went away . A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D. Having waited,句1表示“站在那等”，两个动词同时发生，故选A 作伴随状语。 句2表示已经等了两个小时，发生在谓语动词“went away ”之前，故用完成式，选D 。,A,D,Attention! 3. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview._ the answer ready will be of great help. A.Have B. Having had C. To have had D. Having 4.Dont use words, expressions or phrases_ only to people with specific knowledge. A.being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known,解析: 当强调非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓 动词之前时,应用完成体(having done; to have done).但 3, 4 题从题意看并不是指一次性动作,而是指一般情况 或一通常道理,则用一般体.,误区三 being done or done ? 1.When first _to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A.Introducing B.introduced C.Introduce D.being introduced 2._in public made her very embarrassed. Laughing at B.Being laughed at C. Laughed at D. Being laughing at 3._in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A.Having lost B.Lost C.Being lost D. Losing,解析:注意及物动词后若有宾语用主动V-ing,没有宾语用被动. 当这类及物动词的过去分词常表逻辑主语的状态而不是强 调被动动作时,常用done ,而不用being done.,practice,1._with all the conclusive proofs, he is sure to win the case.(arm) 2._in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(dress) 3_with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.(face) 4._ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.(expose) 5.The young lady prefers dressing up for a party to_ _by others.(notice). 6.Most students in our class prefer taking pains in their study to _with better education. A.Equip B.equipping C.be equipped D.being equipped,Armed,Dressed,Faced,Being exposed,be noticed,_ to sunlight for too much time, your skin will be burnt.,exposed,1.The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic games _In Beijing in 2008 . A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held 2.-The plan _for the trip is important, I think. -I see, but Joseph is sure to work it out on time. A.made B.to be made C.making D.has been made,解析:to be done 常表将来 being done 强调正在被-或作主语/宾语 having been done 强调在谓语动词之前,误区四 not 放哪儿? 1._the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. having not completed 2. What worried the child most was_ to visit his brother in hospital. his not being allowed B. his not allowing C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed,应注意not 总是放在非谓动词标志词之前,Good-bye!,1. He stood there_for his mother . 2. _for two hours , he went away . A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D.Having waited,句1表示“站在那等”，两个动词同时发生，故选A作伴随状语。 句2表示已经等了两个小时，发生在谓语动词“went away ”之前，故用完成式，选D 。 注意: 非谓语动词的否定都应将not 放在前面。 What is the reason for _there ? A. not your going B. not your go C. your not going D. you not to go,解析: 当强调非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语 动词之前时,应用完成体(having done; to have done).但 2;3 题从题意看并不是指一次性动作,而是指一般情况 或一通常道理,则用一般体.,1.You were silly not_your car. to lock B.to have locked C. locking D.having locked 2. I dont known whether you happen _,but Im Going to study in the U.S.A. this September. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard,3. The dirty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside . 4. _ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside . A. was washed B. washed C.were washed D.having washed,分析：句3. 前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语是“the dirty clothes”，和动词搭配表示“衣服被洗”，故选B。 句4. 逻辑主语为句子的主语“the girl”，表示“女孩洗衣服”，为主动关系，故选D。,Fill in the blanks: 1.And then, _(make) matters worse, his par- ents turned up. 2._(judge) by his expression, he is in a bad mood. 3._(consider) its wide application, this new machine is worth _(buy). 4._(give) the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. 5.Generally _( speak), men can run faster than women. 6._(Suppose) he doesnt come, what shall we do?,Judging,Considering,buying,Given,speaking,Supposing /suppose,(固定的搭配/独立成分),to make,有时非谓语动词用来表示说