英语语法定语从句详解.ppt

The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.,you give your loved one keeps who really need it 你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是 给那些确有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿 捐助。,定语从句,The Attributive Clauses,Which one is Harry Porter ?,The boy is Harry Porter,Which one is Harry Porter ?,The boy _ is Harry Porter .,who is wearing glasses,基础知识,定语从句：是指在复合句中， 修饰 或 的从句. 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代 词叫做“ ”. 引导定语从句的词叫“ ”,基础知识,名词,代词,先行词,关系词,How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there?,基础知识,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,基础知识,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who，whom，that which，that whose，of which where when why,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识,关系词作用,1.代替先行词; .它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分; 3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句.（把主句和从句连起来） 关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,a machine,the machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,a machine,that /which,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,who,The girl,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,who,The girl,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,who,The girl,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,who,The girl,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,who,The girl,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,who,The girl,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,who,The girl,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,who/whom/that,The girl,注意避免重复,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: I have a friend. His father is a doctor.,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: I have a friend. His father is a doctor. I have a father is a doctor.,his,a friend,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: I have a friend. His father is a doctor. I have a father is a doctor.,whose,a friend,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: I like the room. The rooms window face the sea.,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: I like the room. The rooms window face the sea. I like window face the sea.,the rooms,the room,关系代词的实质-代替先行词,Join the following sentences: I like the room. The rooms window face the sea. I like window face the sea.,whose,the room,总结,先行词（物 主语，宾语）=which/that 先行词（人 主语）=who/that 先行词（人 宾语）=who/that/whom 先行词（人/物-定语）=whose 先行词s=whose,I have an apple.,The apple is red.,I have an apple,that/which is red.,修饰先行词 an apple,I like some friends.,Some friends like sports.,I like frineds,who/that like sports.,修饰先行词 friends,填空： 1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi. 2. She is a teacher _ I like very much. 3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice. 4. Those _will go to the park stay here. 5. That was all the money _I had.,whose,whom/that,which/that,who,that,6. Tom is the first boy _left the room. 7. Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way. 8. You can read any book _I have. 9. That was the year _I went to America. 10. We came to the town, _we stayed for 2 hours.,that,that,that,when,where,when,where,why,时间,地点,原因,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,2.引导定语从句的关系副词,关系副词,When=on(in,during)which,where=on(in,in front of)which,Why=for which,Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,定语从句考点归纳,定语从句考点归纳,2.如何判断介词,3 whose 的使用,4 as 的使用,1.that 与which,6 定语从句中的动词的数,5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分,1.that 与which,1.Nothing _ can be done has been done. 2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?,先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,that,that,1.This is the best TV _ is made in China. 2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,1.that 与which,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.,that,先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。,1.that 与which,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.,先行词中既有人又有事物时， 引导定语从句用that .,that,that,1.that 与which,1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that,that,1.that 与which,1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,1.that 与which,1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,This is the book_ which you asked,注意：动词短语不能拆开 即介词不能提前,for,The old man whom I am looking after is better .,如何判断介词,2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,with,如何判断介词,3）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,This is our classroom , _ which there is a teachers desk.,in the front of,如何判断介词,whose 引导的定语从句,表示所属关系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,3 Whose 的使用,There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,Whose 的使用,The earth is round,_ we all know. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,as,As,It,4 as 的使用,This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,结果状语从句,as 的使用,1. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.,which,2 _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.,As,as 的使用,5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分,）Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. ）Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. ）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. ）This is the museum _I visited last year .,when,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分,This is the reason _ ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.,whythat,which/that,指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,6 定语从句中的动词的数,He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise,has,have,关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词,能力提高,Correct the sentences:,1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday. 2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 3. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.,to,that,4. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me. 5. Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.,which,w