英语国家概况BritishChapter5Education.ppt

Chapter 5 Education, Media and Holiday,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,Contents,1,2,3,Education,Media,Holidays and Festivals,1. pre-school education (2-5years old) (UK) play school / nursery school (China) kindergarten,2. primary education (5/6-11) (UK) junior school (China) primary school,3. secondary education (11-16/18) (UK) comprehensive school / grammar school (China) junior and senior middle school,4. further/ higher education (18+) college / university,Differences in education systems,Key Stages and Tests,Educational System,Elementary and Secondary Education Two parallel school systems: State system:11-year compulsory education Independent systemPublic schools “sixth form” (2 years) Higher Education Famous Universities,Elementary and Secondary Education,Two parallel school system: National curriculum:,State systemlocal authority maintained 94% (Free to all children between the ages of 516) Independent systemPublic schools 6% (Parents pay for their childrens education),Compulsory in state school Optional in independent school,state system11-year compulsory education 5-11: primary schools (co-educational/ mixed schools) 11-16: secondary schools (90% are comprehensive schools) GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education),State System,Elementary and Secondary Education,the most famous Eton, Harrow and Winchester 6 percent of all British children,A privilege for the rich Better funded Better teachers Better facilities Better chance to enter famous universities,Independent System,Elementary and Secondary Education,Public School - Eton College,Eton with the tutor,Public School - Eton College,Eton Pupils,The royal family thinks the school is just the place for Wills. In this self-contained world, titles confer no privileges, and the prince is probably not the only boy with a bodyguard. Foreign leaders children and scions of Greek shipping magnates bring them along too. “William is as near to normal at Eton as someone in his position wont to be. Many people there are richer than he is. There are many people whose family relationships are even more complex than his.“,Prince William,Eton,Eton,Public Schools,Harrow School East Ham Grammar School for Boys,Elementary and Secondary Education,“sixth form” (2 years) A-levels (General Certificate of EducationAdvanced) for universities admittances GNVQs (General National Vocational Qualifications) for vocational training,State System,GCSE （General Certificate of Secondary Education）,Grade,A+ (4.0) A (4.0) A (3.7) (excellent) B+ (3.3) B (3.0) B (2.7) (above average) C+ (2.3) C (2.0) C (1.7) (average) D+ (1.3) D (1.0) D (0.7) (poor) F (0) (failure),Study Pathways,work,HND (2 ys),University (3/4) Undergraduate B.A. / B.S.,GNVQ,Sixth form (2 ys) A-level,16+,Vocational,Academic,University (1/2) Postgraduate M.A. / M.S.,University (3/5) Postgraduate P.H.D,Higher Education,Recruitment base on: Grades of AS, A-levels, GNVQs School references Interview Mostly funded by central government grants Except Buckingham University,The Universities,Oxford and Cambridge 12th and 13th centuries College system and tutorial system 4 Scottish universities 15th and 16th centuries St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Edinburgh 3 other universities containing colleges 19th century Durham, London, Wales 19th- and 20th-century universities starting from colleges Post-war universities, or university colleges, teaching a more balanced mixture of subjects Universities of technology, promoted during the 1960s The Open University,“red brick”,Buckingham University is the only privately-financed university in UK, where students can finish 3 years courses in two years, and its curriculum changes flexibly according to market demands,Higher Education,Institutions of Higher Education,Q. Whats the difference between time range required for degrees in British higher education system and the time range in Chinese higher education system?,Famous Universities,Top 10 Britain University in 2010 University of Cambridge 剑桥大学 University of Oxford 牛津大学 Imperial College (London) 帝国学院（伦敦） University of Durham 达勒姆大学 London School of Economics 伦敦政治经济学院 University of St. Andrews 圣安德鲁斯大学 University of Warwick 华威大学 Lancaster University 兰卡斯特大学 University College London 伦敦大学学院 University of York 约克大学,Oxford and Cambridge,College system: whereby all students live in college during at least part of their course, which fosters a community spirit in which a useful mingling of intelligence can take place. Such colleges include tutors as well as students, and are largely self-governing. Tutorial system: whereby each student gets personal tutoring once a week in his tutors own room. It, together with a weekly programme of private study, has been considered very important at Oxford and Cambridge.,Oxford University and Cambridge University are sometimes referred to collectively as Oxbridge.,Oxford Crest,Cambridge Crest,Famous Universities,Institution of Higher Education - Oxford,Cambridges contributions to Science,Many of the most important scientific discoveries and revolutions were made by Cambridge alumni These include:,Understanding the scientific method, by Francis Bacon The laws of motion, by Sir Isaac Newton The discovery of the electron, by J. J. Thomson The unification of electromagnetism, by James Clerk Maxwell The discovery of hydrogen, by Henry Cavendish Evolution by natural selection, by Charles Darwin The Turing machine, the basis of modern computers, by Alan Turing The structure of DNA, by Francis Crick and James D. Watson,Institution of Higher Education - Cambridge,The Light Blues & Dark Blues,Oxbridge Boat Race,The Dark Blue Crew,Oxford won the 2011 Boat Race,Oxbridge Boat Race,The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race is on Saturday 26 March 2011.,Division of media,1. Newspapers: - The Times, The Guardians, and the Daily Telegraph 2. Periodicals The Economist, New Statesman and Society, and Spectator. 3. Radio The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) World Service broadcasts international news world wide, using English and 38 other languages. 4. Television national channels: BBC1, BBC2, ITV (independent Television) and Channel 4 (C4),BSkyB 5. News agencies Reuters based in London,Newspapers,Newspapers,Long established industry The Observer (first appeared in 1791) still published every Sunday the worlds oldest national newspaper The Times (first published in 1785) the Britains oldest daily newspaper,Newspapers,The “quality press” or “broadsheets” “Big Three” The Timesin-depth article, well-educated audience The Guardianleft wing The Daily Telegraph The “tabloids” Scandal and gossip The News of the World,Two categories,Television and Broadcast,The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) 1936 Independent Television (ITV) 1955 Sky TV 1989 British Satellite Broadcasting,Christian Festivals,Christmas December 25, celebrates the birth of Christ. It is the custom of giving gifts and the habit of family reunion. Easter A. it is the celebration of the Resurrection of Christ B. It is on the 1st Sunday after the first full moon that coincides with the spring equinox（taken as 21 March） C. During Easter season, Good Friday commemorates the crucifixion of Christ, and Easter Sunday (also called Easter Day) the resurrection. D. Easter eggs Whit Sunday圣灵降临节 A. It falls on the 7th Sunday after Easter. B. It celebrates the coming of the Holy Spirit to Christs apostles（门徒）seven weeks after his death. C. The