英国剑桥大学的诺贝尔奖得主

英国剑桥大学的诺贝尔奖得主来源：留学服务中心 诺贝尔奖是首个每年一次的国际奖项，自1901年来每年都会授予在物理，医学，化学，和平和文学方面取得的成就的人。剑桥大学成员由于很多显著的成就被授予诺贝尔奖，如DNA结构的发现，国民收入会计系统和史诗与叙事心里艺术研究，青霉素的发现。剑桥大学的附属机构比其他任何机构获得诺贝奖都要多。自1904年以来，剑桥大学共有88个附属机构获得了诺贝尔奖，奖项涉及了各个领域：29个诺贝尔物理奖，25个诺贝尔医学奖，21个诺贝尔化学 奖，9个诺贝尔经济奖，2个诺贝尔文学奖和1个诺贝尔和平奖。剑桥大学各个学院当中，三一学院获得诺贝尔奖人数最多，共有32位。 DorthyHodgkin是剑桥首位诺贝尔奖女性获得者，她致力于用于抵抗贫血症的化合物结构的研究。1950年，Bertrandrussel的西 方哲学史）使其成为了剑桥首位诺贝尔文学奖获得者。历史上仅有4人曾两次获得诺贝尔奖，来自圣约翰和国王学院的FrederickSanger便是其中之 一，分别在1958年1980年获得诺贝尔化学奖。剑桥大学的诺贝尔奖得主：1904 Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh)Trinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for discovering Argon 诺贝尔物理学奖，发现氩1906 JJ ThomsonTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for investigating the electrical conductivity of gases 诺贝尔物理学奖1908 Ernest RutherfordTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for atomic structure and radioactivity 诺贝尔化学奖1915 William BraggTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics for analysing crystal structure using X-rays 诺贝尔物理学奖1915 Lawrence BraggTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for analysing crystal structure using X-rays 诺贝尔物理学奖1917 Charles BarklaTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for discovering the characteristics of X-radiation 诺贝尔物理学奖1922 Niels BohrTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for investigating atomic structure and radiation 诺贝尔物理学奖1922 Francis AstonTrinity College 圣三一学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for work on mass spectroscopy诺贝尔化学奖1922 Archibald HillTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for work on heat production in the muscles 诺贝尔医学奖1925 Austen ChamberlainTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Peace, for work on the Locarno Pact 诺贝尔和平奖1927 Charles WilsonSidney Sussex CollegeNobel Prize in Physics, for inventing the cloud chamber诺贝尔物理学奖1927 Arthur Holly ComptonNobel Prize in Physics, for discovering wavelength change in diffused X-rays 诺贝尔物理学奖1928 Owen RichardsonTrinity College圣三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for creating Richardsons Law 诺贝尔物理学奖，创建理查森定律1929 Frederick HopkinsTrinity / Emmanuel CollegesNobel Prize in Medicine, for discovering growth stimulating vitamins诺贝尔医学奖1932 Lord AdrianTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for work on the function of neurons 诺贝尔医学奖1932 Charles SherringtonCaius College凯斯学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for work on the function of neurons 诺贝尔医学奖1933 Paul DiracSt Johns CollegeNobel Prize in Physics, for quantum mechanics诺贝尔物理学奖1935 James ChadwickCaius College凯斯学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for discovering the neutron 诺贝尔物理学奖，发现中子1936 Henry DaleTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the chemical transmission of nerve impulses 诺贝尔医学奖，神经冲动的化学传递1937 George ThomsonTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for interference in crystals irradiated by electrons诺贝尔物理学奖1937 Albert Szent-GyorgyiFitzwilliam College 菲茨威廉学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for combustion in biology诺贝尔医学奖1945 Ernst ChainFitzwilliam College菲茨威廉学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the discovery of penicillin诺贝尔医学奖，青霉素的发现1945 Howard FloreyCaius College 凯斯学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the discovery of penicillin诺贝尔医学奖，发现青霉素1947 Edward AppletonSt Johns College圣约翰学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for discovering the Appleton Layer诺贝尔物理学奖，发现阿普尔顿层1948 Patrick BlackettMagdalene / Kings Colleges抹大拉/国王学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for nuclear physics and cosmic radiation诺贝尔物理学奖，核物理和宇宙辐射1950 Bertrand RussellTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Literature, for A History of Western Philosophy, 1946诺贝尔文学奖，西方哲学史，1946年1950 Cecil PowellSidney Sussex College西德尼苏塞克斯学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for nuclear physics and cosmic radiation诺贝尔物理学奖1951 John CockcroftSt Johns / Churchill Colleges圣约翰/丘吉尔学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei诺贝尔物理学奖1951 Ernest WaltonTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei诺贝尔物理学奖1952 Richard SyngeTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for developing partition chromatography诺贝尔化学奖，开发分区色谱1952 Archer MartinPeterhouse彼得学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for developing partition chromatography诺贝尔化学奖，开发分区色谱1953 Hans KrebsNobel Prize in Medicine, for discovering the citric acid cycle诺贝尔医学奖，发现三羧酸循环1954 Max BornNobel Prize in Physics, for fundamental research into quantum mechanics诺贝尔物理学奖1957 Alexander ToddChrists College基督学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for work on nucleotides诺贝尔化学奖1958 Frederick SangerSt Johns College and fellow of Kings College圣约翰学院和大学国王学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the structure of the insulin molecule诺贝尔化学奖，胰岛素分子结构1959 Philip Noel-BakerKings College国王学院Nobel Prize in Peace, for work towards global disarmament诺贝尔和平奖1962 John KendrewTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for determining the structure of haemoproteins诺贝尔化学奖，确定haemoproteins结构1962 Max PerutzPeterhouse 彼得学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for determing the structure of haemoproteinsPeterhouse诺贝尔化学奖1962 Francis CrickCaius / Churchill Colleges凯斯/丘吉尔学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for determining the structure of DNA诺贝尔医学奖，决定了DNA的结构1962 James WatsonClare College克莱尔学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for determining the structure of DNA诺贝尔医学奖，决定了DNA的结构1962 Maurice WilkinsSt Johns College 圣约翰学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for determining the structure of DNA诺贝尔医学奖，1962年确定的DNA结构1963 Alan HodgkinTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the transmission of impulses along a nerve fibre诺贝尔医学奖，冲动沿神经纤维传播1963 Andrew HuxleyTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the transmission of impulses along a nerve fibre诺贝尔医学奖，冲动沿神经纤维传播1964 Dorothy HodgkinNewnham / Girton Colleges 纽纳姆/格顿学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the structure of compounds used to fight anaemia诺贝尔化学奖1967 Ronald NorrishEmmanuel CollegeNobel Prize in Chemistry, for the study of fast Chemical reactions诺贝尔化学奖1967 George PorterEmmanuel CollegeNobel Prize in Chemistry, for the study of fast Chemical reactions诺贝尔化学奖1972 Rodney PorterPembroke College 彭布罗克学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for the chemical structure of antibodies诺贝尔医学奖1972 John HicksCaius College凯斯学院Prize in Economics, for the equilibrium theory经济学奖，均衡理论1972 Kenneth J ArrowChurchill College丘吉尔学院Prize in Economics, for the equilibrium theory经济学奖，均衡理论1973 Brian JosephsonTrinity CollegeNobel Prize in Physics, for the tunneling in superconductors and semiconductors诺贝尔物理学奖1974Patrick WhiteKings College国王学院Nobel Prize in Literature, for an epic and psychological narrative art诺贝尔文学奖，史诗与心理叙述艺术1974 Martin RyleTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the invention of aperture synthesis诺贝尔物理学奖，发明综合孔径1974 Antony HewishCaius / Churchill Colleges 凯斯/丘吉尔学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the discovery of pulsars诺贝尔物理学奖，发现脉冲星1977 Nevill MottCaius / St Johns Colleges凯斯/圣约翰学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the behaviour of electrons in magnetic solids诺贝尔物理学奖，磁性固体中的电子行为1977 Philip AndersonChurchill College丘吉尔学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the behaviour of electrons in magnetic solids诺贝尔物理学奖，磁性固体中的电子行为1977 James MeadeChrists/Trinity Colleges基督/三一学院Prize in Economics, for contributions to the theory of international trade经济学奖，国际贸易理论的贡献1978 Pyotr KapitsaTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for inventing the helium liquefier诺贝尔物理学奖，发明氦液化1978 Peter MitchellJesus College耶稣学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the energy transfer processes in biological systems诺贝尔化学奖1979 Abdus SalamSt Johns College 圣约翰学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for electromagnetic and weak particle interactions诺贝尔物理学奖，电磁和弱的粒子相互作用1979 Steven WeinbergNobel Prize in Physics, for electromagnetic and weak particle interactions诺贝尔物理学奖，电磁和弱的粒子相互作用1979 Allan CormackSt Johns College圣约翰学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for developing CAT scans诺贝尔医学奖，发展CAT扫描1980 Walter GilbertTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the theory of nucleotide links in nucleic acids诺贝尔化学奖，理论核酸的核苷酸链接1980 Frederick SangerSt Johns College and fellow of Kings College圣约翰学院和国王学院的院士Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the theory of nucleotide links in nucleic acids诺贝尔化学奖，理论核酸的核苷酸链接1982 Aaron KlugTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the structure of biologically active substances诺贝尔化学奖，生物活性物质的结构1983 Subrahmanyan ChandrasekharTrinity College 三一学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the evolution and devolution of stars1983年Subrahmanyan诺贝尔物理学奖1983 William FowlerPembroke College彭布罗克学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for the evolution and devolution of stars1983年Subrahmanyan诺贝尔物理学奖1983 Gerard DebreuChurchill College丘吉尔学院Prize in Economics, for reforming the theory of general equilibrium经济学奖，一般均衡理论的改革1984 Richard StoneCaius College and fellow of Kings College 凯斯学院和国王学院的研究员Prize in Economics, for developing a national income accounting system经济学奖，发展一个国民收入核算体系1984 Cesar MilsteinFellow of Darwin and Fitzwilliam Colleges达尔文和菲茨威廉学院院士Nobel Prize in Medicine, for developing a technique for the production of monoclonal antibodies诺贝尔医学奖，发展单克隆抗体的生产技术1984 Georges KohlerNobel Prize in Medicine, for developing a technique for the production of monoclonal antibodies诺贝尔医学奖，发展单克隆抗体的生产技术1989 Norman RamseyClare College克莱尔学院Nobel Prize in Physics, for developing the separated field method诺贝尔物理学奖，1989年为发展中国家的分离场法1996 James MirrleesTrinity College三一学院Prize in Economics, for studying behaviour in the absence of complete information经济学奖，学习在没有完整的信息的行为1997 John WalkerSidney Sussex College西德尼苏塞克斯学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for studying how a spinning enzyme creates the molecule that powers cells in muscles诺贝尔化学奖，研究如何纺纱酶，创建分子，细胞在肌肉权力1998 Amartya SenTrinity College 三一学院Prize in Economics, for his contributions to welfare economics经济学奖，他在福利经济学的贡献1998 John PopleTrinity College三一学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the development of computational methods in quantum chemistry诺贝尔化学奖，在量子化学计算方法的发展2000 Alan McDiarmidSidney Sussex College西德尼苏塞克斯学院Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for the discovery and development of conductive polymers诺贝尔化学奖，导电聚合物的发现和发展2000 Paul GreengardNobel Prize in Medicine, for discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system诺贝尔医学奖，关于在神经系统信号传导的发现2001 Tim HuntClare College克莱尔学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle诺贝尔医学奖，细胞周期的关键调节因子的发现2001 Joseph StiglitzCaius College凯斯学院Prize in Economics, for analyses of markets with asymmetric information经济学奖，信息不对称的市场分析2002 John SulstonPembroke College 彭布罗克学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death诺贝尔医学奖，发现器官发育和程序性细胞死亡的基因调控2002 Sydney BrennerKings College国王学院Nobel Prize in Medicine, for discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death诺贝尔医学奖，对发现涉及