2019年高中英语Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage.docx

Section Learning about Language & Using Language原文呈现 读文清障Office of the City GovernmentTangshan, HebeiChinaJuly 5,201_Dear _，Congratulations！ We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. Your speech was heard by a group of five judges， all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. Your parents and your school should be very proud of you!Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster. The park will also honour those who helped the survivors. Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am. As you know， this is the day the quake happened thirty_ years ago.We invite you to bring your family and friends on that special day.Sincerely，Zhang Shacongratulation knrtleIn n祝贺；(复数)贺词be pleased to do sth.乐于做某事judge dd n裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决judging from/by从判断，常用作状语。all of whom引导的定语从句修饰judges。be proud of为感到自豪；因而骄傲take pride in因感到自豪honour vt.尊重；尊敬n.荣誉；光荣who died in the terrible disaster是who引导的定语从句，修饰those。would like to do sth.愿意做某事have sb. do sth.让某人做某事as you know是as引导的非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句的内容。family在这里指“家人”。sincerely sInsIlI adv.真诚地；真挚地上方书信译文中国,河北唐山市政府办公室201年7月5日亲爱的：恭喜！我们很高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的高中演讲比赛中获胜了。评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为这是今年最好的演讲。你的父母和你的学校都应为你骄傲！下个月我们市将开放一个新的公园，以纪念在那次可怕的灾难中死去的人们，并向那些曾经为幸存者提供过帮助的人们致敬。我们办公室想请你在7月28日上午11点给来公园的参观者进行演讲。你知道，三十年前的这一天正是唐山发生地震的日子。,在这个特殊的日子里，我们邀请你和家人、朋友一起来。诚挚的，张沙Step 1Read the letter and then tell true(T) or false(F)1This is a letter of congratulation.()2A high school student will be invited to give a speech in a newlyopened park.()3On July 28, 1976, a terrible earthquake hit Tangshan.()4Only the high school student was invited on that special day.()答案：1.F2.T3.T4.F Step 2Choose the best answers according to the text.1Why was the student invited to Tangshan?ABecause the student saved several people in the earthquake.BBecause the student won the high school speaking competition.CBecause the student gave lots of money to the organization.DBecause the student gave lots of money to build the park.2_ will be built to honour the Tangshan earthquake.AA new parkBA new buildingCA new museum DA new library3In his/her speech, the student may not mention _.Athe terrible quake that happened in 1976Bthe great work people have done to rebuild new TangshanCthe bright future of TangshanDhis/her hobbies答案：13BAD一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.bar n条；棒；条状物2.damage n& vt. 损失；损害3.sincerely adv. 真诚地；真挚地4.express vt. 表示；表达 n. 快车；速递5.outline n. 要点；大纲；轮廓.拓展词汇1.frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的2.congratulation n祝贺；(复数)贺词congratulate vt.祝贺；恭喜；庆贺3.judge vt.断定；判断；判决 n裁判员；法官judgment n审判；判决；裁判；判断4.cyclist n骑自行车的人cycle vi.骑自行车1.合成名词一览earth (地球)quake(震动)earthquake n地震out(在外)line(线)outline n要点；大纲；轮廓head(头部；顶端)line(线)headline n报刊的大字标题2.“破坏”家族damage n& vt.损失；损害destroy vt. 毁坏；毁掉ruin n& vt. 毁灭；废墟3.“ing/ed”结尾的形容词聚焦二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.at_the_top_of在顶部2refer_to 提及；指的是；参考3wake_up 叫醒4put_up 搭起5be_known_as 作为而出名1.a letter of invitation一封邀请信2give a speech 作演讲3be pleased to do sth. 很高兴做某事4be proud of 为感到骄傲5express ones thanks to 向表达谢意三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.As you know, this is the day the quake happened .你知道这一天正是发生地震的日子。as引导定语从句，意为“正如；正像”。As_I_expected,_he got the first place again in this midterm examination. 正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。2.The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.这名男子正在楼下睡觉，这时突然地震发生了。be doing sth. when . 正在做某事这时(突然)。I was_doing_my_homework_when the phone rang. 我正写作业时，突然电话响了。1damage n&vt.损失；损害(1)cause/do damage to对造成损害；损害pay the damage 赔偿损失(2)damage ones health 损害某人的健康Damage caused by the earthquake disaster cant be ignored.地震灾害导致的损失不容忽视。This could cause_serious_damage_to our environment.这可能会对我们的环境造成严重的破坏。As we all know, smoking can damage_our_health.众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。2(教材P28)It was a frightening night.这是一个骇人的夜晚。frightening adj.令人恐惧的(1)frighten vt.使惊吓；使惊恐；吓唬frighten sb./sth. away 把吓跑frighten sb. into/out of (doing) sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事(2)frightened adj. 害怕的be frightened to do sth. 做某事而感到害怕be frightened at . 对感到惊恐The news was frightening and they were all frightened.那条消息是令人恐惧的，他们都吓坏了。When you stand at an altitude to see the frightening rapids and waterfall, you will feel much frightened.(frighten)当你站在高处看到可怕的急流和瀑布时，你会感到十分害怕。Sorry, I didnt mean to frighten you into doing that.对不起，我没有要吓唬你去做那事的意思。3(教材P30)Congratulations! We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.恭喜！我们很高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的高中演讲比赛中获胜了。congratulation n祝贺；(复数)贺词(1)express/offer/send ones congratulations to sb.向某人致以祝贺a letter of congratulation 贺信(2)congratulate vt. 祝贺congratulate sb. on (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人祝贺We sent our congratulations to her when she passed the exam. 当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺。I sincerely express my congratulations (congratulate) on your graduating from Beijing University.我真诚地祝贺你从北京大学毕业。Lets go and congratulate him on being accepted by Tsinghua University.他被清华大学录取了，我们去祝贺他吧。4(教材P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为这是今年最好的演讲。 judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决(1)judge sb./sth. by/from通过判断as far as I can judge 据我判断(2)judging from/by . 从来看；根据判断As the old saying goes, “You cant judge a book by its cover.”俗话说，“你不能以貌取人。”As_far_as_I_can_judge,_Li Ming is more reliable.据我判断，李明更可靠。Judging (judge) from her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.从她的上封信看，他们过得非常愉快。5(教材P30)I would like to express my thanks to .我想向表达我的感谢。express vt.表示；表达n.快车；速递(1)express ones thanks to表达对的感谢express ones satisfaction with 表达对的满意express oneself 表达自己的意见(2)expression n. 表达；表情beyond expression 无法表达I would like to express my sincere thanks to all those who have helped me.我想对所有帮助过我的人表示诚挚的谢意。She expressed herself (she) clearly in English.她用英文清楚地表达了自己的意思。As a matter of fact, the beauty of Guilin is beyond expression (express)实际上，桂林之美无法用言语表达。1As you know, this is the day the quake happened .你知道这一天正是发生地震的日子。(1)as you know为非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容。(2)关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，从句可放在主句前、主句中或主句后，常用逗号与主句隔开。as意为“正如”，其后的谓语动词多是see, know, expect, say, report等。As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。He was late for class, as is often the case.他上课迟到了，他经常这样。The air quality in the city, as_is_shown_in_the_report,_has improved over the past two months.正如报告所显示的，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。2The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.这名男子正在楼下睡觉，这时突然地震发生了。be doing sth. when .正在做某事这时(突然)。when为并列连词，相当于and just at that time。be about to do . when .正要做这时be on the point of doing . when . 正要做这时had just done .when . 刚刚做完这时I was walking along the street when I heard my name called.我正在街上走着，突然听到有人叫我的名字。We were about to start when it began to rain.我们正要动身，这时突然下起雨来。I was on the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.我正要给他打电话，这时他的信到了。I had just finished my test paper when_the_bell_rang,_announcing the exam was over.我刚完成试卷这时宣告考试结束的铃声响了。.单句语法填空1I was_watching (watch) TV when the electricity was cut off.2Judging (judge) from his accent, he is from Shanghai.3Teenagers are_damaging (damage) their health because they play computer games too much.4At the sight of the frightening scene, he was almost frightened to death.(frighten)5He expressed his thanks to us last Friday, with a thankful expression on his face.(express)6He sent me an email of congratulation,_congratulating me on the good result I gained.(congratulate).补全句子1As_is_known_to_all/As_we_all_know,_the West Lake is famous for its beauty. 众所周知，西湖以其美而闻名。2As_was_expected,_he won the gold medal in the competition.正如所预料的那样，他在比赛中赢得了金牌。3John was_studying_in_his_room_when he heard someone screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到有人尖叫。 4We were_about_to_leave_when a big noise came from the next room.(about)We were_on_the_point_of_leaving_when a big noise came from the next room.(point)我们正要离开时隔壁发出了巨大的响声。 一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高本课语言点针对练习.单词拼写1A man should be judged (判断) by his deeds, not by his appearance.2The childrens shouts frightened (使惊恐) the birds and they flew away.3We sent Nancy our congratulations (祝贺) on her winning the gold medal in the 1,500 meters race.4The newspaper sent some reporters (记者) to cover the event immediately it happened.5You should make a(n) outline (提纲) before you write a composition.6He opened the newspaper, and his attention was drawn by an article with an interesting headline (大字标题)7Some cyclists (骑自行车的人) ran the red light, which was very dangerous.8I sincerely (真诚地) hope that you recover health quickly after the operation.单句改错1In the earthquake, about two millions people lost their homes and thousands of houses fell into lionsmillion2Judge from the look on his face, he hasnt found his son trapped in the mine.JudgeJudging3I congratulate you to your success.toon4The earthquake did damage for the area where many houses fell down and many people were trapped in ruins.forto5The little girl is frightening of walking through the forest.frighteningfrightened本单元语言点温故练习.单句语法填空1Congratulations (congratulate) on your winning the game. I knew you could beat them.2Judging (judge) from what everyone says about him, I would say he has a good chance of winning.3It has been raining for two weeks, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.4Because of the cold weather, their water pipes froze and burst (burst)5At first well learn new words and expressions (express) and then learn the text.6I sincerely (sincere) hope that I can have the opportunity to talk with the famous scientist face to face.7She felt greatly honoured (honour) to have been invited to give a lecture at the meeting.8Its said that there was a car accident last night, killing five people and making more injured (injure).补全句子1Its_useless/no_use_trying_to_persuade_him_to_buy_the_product. He is too careful.试图说服他买这种产品没用，他太小心了。2As_you_know,_she_is_a_stubborn_girl,_and I cant persuade her to change her mind.你知道，她是一个倔强的女孩，我不能说服她改变主意。3He is speaking as_if/though_he_were a native.他讲起话来好像是个本地人似的。4I was_walking_along_the_river_when I heard a cry for help.我正沿着河边走，突然我听见求助的叫喊声。5Im grateful that you have_rescued_me_from_the_difficult_situation.我很感激，你把我从困境中解救了出来。6The students you should learn from are those who_graduate_from_top_universities.你应该向那些从名牌大学毕业的学生学习。.多维演练1frighten点点练用frighten的适当形式填空/补全句子We were all frightened at the frightening news that she told us yesterday.(frighten)The woman farmer saw a long snake on the way to her apple garden suddenly. The frightened look on her face suggested she was frightened.(frighten)The little boy was_frightened (害怕) of talking with his teacher face to face.The man frightened_us_into (吓唬我们) keeping silent.2when面面观补全句子/句型转换She was_having_lunch_when an old friend came to see her.她正在吃午饭，这时一位老朋友来看她。I had_just_fallen_asleep_when the bell rang.我刚睡着，铃就响了。I was about to go shopping when Tom called me.I was_on_the_point_of_going_shopping_when Tom called me.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.阅读理解Childrens lives have changed greatly over the last 50 years. But do they have a happier childhood than you or I did?Its difficult to look back on ones own childhood without feeling nostalgic (怀旧的)I have four brothers and sisters, and my memories are all about being with them, playing board games on the living room floor, or spending days in the street with the other neighbourhood children, or racing up and down on our bikes. My parents hardly appear in these memories, except as providers of meals.These days, in the UK at least, the nature of childhood has changed greatly. Firstly, families are smaller, and there are far more only children. It is common for both parents to work outside the home and there is the feeling that there just isnt time to bring up a large family, or that no one could possibly afford to have more than one child. As a result, todays boys and girls spend much of their time alone. Another major change is that youngsters today prefer to spend most of their free time at home, inside. More than anything this is because of the fact that parents worry far more than they used to about real or imagined dangers, so they wouldnt dream of letting their children play outside by themselves.Finally, the kind of toys children have and the way they play is totally different. Computer and video games have replaced (取代) the board games and more active pastimes of my childhood. The irony (讽刺) is that so many of these games are called “interactive (互动的)”The fact that you can play computer games on your own further increases the sense of loneliness felt by many young people today.Do these changes mean that children today have a less pleasant childhood than I had？I personally believe that they do, but perhaps every generation (一代人) feels exactly the same.语篇解读：本文是议论文。作者认为在过去的五十年里，儿童的生活发生了巨大的改变，但是现在的孩子并没有比以前的孩子更快乐。1Why did the author mention his childhood in Paragraph 2?ATo thank his parents.BTo make a comparison.CTo introduce some games.DTo remember a good time in the past.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But do they have a happier childhood than you or I did？”及第二段对作者的童年和现在孩子的童年的对比可知，作者列举自己童年时期的例子是为了比较两代人不同的童年。2What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?AThe hard time of the UK family.BThe difficulties in raising children.CThe most challenging thing for parents.DThe reason why childhood has changed.解析：选D段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Firstly, familie