（新课改）2020版高考英语一轮复习Module6OldandNew学案外研版.docx

Module 6 Old and New(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1bulletin n小型报刊；短新闻；报告2civil adj. 民用的；国内的3cliff n. 悬崖；峭壁4gorge n. 峡谷5hydroelectric adj. 水力发电的6reservoir n. 水库7terminal n. (机场的)集散站；终点站；候机厅8carving n. (尤指木头、象牙等的)雕刻(品)9relic n. (常作复数)(历史的)遗迹；遗物10site n. 场所；遗址11generate vt. 发(电)12watchtower n纵联1 望台_.重点单词写其形1canal n. 运河2dam n. 坝；堤；水闸3structure n. 建筑物；结构4date vi. 始于(某一历史时期) 5remove vt. 迁移；搬迁6ridiculous adj. 荒唐的；可笑的7enormous adj. 巨大的；庞大的8crash vi. (飞机)失事；坠毁.拓展单词通其变1engineering n(土木)工程engineer n工程师2accommodate vt.容纳(乘客等)accommodation n住所；膳宿3construction n建造；建设；建筑construct vt.建造；建设constructive adj.建设性的4historical adj.历史的；有关历史的historic adj.有历史意义的纵联25narrow adj.狭窄的 v变窄narrowly adv.勉强地6poem n诗；诗歌poet n诗人7global adj.全球的globe n地球；地球仪8freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的frozen adj.冷冻的；冻坏的freeze v冷冻；冰冻；(使)冻住纵联39observatory n观察台observe vt.观察observation n观察10foggy adj.有浓雾的fog n(浓)雾纵联1.“v.n.”合成名词一览watchtower望台playground操场pickpocket扒手 copyright版权纵联2.以“ical”结尾的形容词一览historical有关历史的 economical经济的；节约的geographical地理(学)的 political政治的magical魔术的；有魔力的 musical音乐的；悦耳的electrical与电有关的 logical逻辑的纵联3.“冷暖”知多少freezing adj.冷冰冰的 icy adj.冰冷的cold adj.寒冷的 hot adj.热的cool adj.凉的 warm adj.温暖的单元话题历史变迁子话题1历史进程empire n帝国 parliament n议会democracy n民主 constitution n宪法；章程royal adj.皇家的 conservative n保守派prehistoric adj.史前的 abolish vt.废除；取消子话题2旧貌换新颜reconstruct v. 重建；改造former adj. 以前的；从前的original adj. 最初的；独创的primitive adj. 原始的；远古的boom n. （人口、贸易的)繁荣immigration n. 移民；移居入境splendid adj. 壮丽的；极好的exploit v. 开采；开发学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2012湖南高考任务型阅读) Since the earliest civilizations, people have controlled rivers to meet societys demands.Today, rivers are controlled for many reasons, primarily to maintain reliable water supplies for daily, agricultural and industrial needs, for power (generate), for navigation (航行), and to prevent flooding.River control is achieved by channelization, a term that covers a range of river (engineer) works, including widening, deepening, straightening and stabilization of banks, and by the (construct) of dams.用generate的正确形式填空：generation用engineer的正确形式填空：engineering。eer为表示“人”的后缀，类似的词还有：pioneer, volunteer等用construct的正确形式填空：construction写出dams在句中的含义：大坝；堤2(2015全国卷阅读A)Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers， there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how Londons ice trade grew.写出freezers在本单元中的同根形容词：freezing写出history在本单元中的同根形容词：historical高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2014全国卷书面表达)我还想知道这门课程我要付多少钱，以及住宿是否包括在内。(accommodation)Id_also_like_to_know_how_much_I_have_to_pay_for_the_course_and_whether_accommodation_is_included.2(2014山东高考写作)虽然我面临着巨大的困难，但我坚持不懈。(enormous)Although_I_am_faced_with_enormous_difficulties,_I_work_with_perseverance.(二)课堂重点释疑1date vi.始于(某一历史时期) vt.确定年代；注明日期n.日期；约会记牢(1)date fromdate back to起源于；追溯到(2)set a date for 确定的日期have a date with sb. 与某人约会out of date 过时的up to date 现代的；最新的练通单句语法填空The old town dates (date) back to the late seventeenth century.The fact is that your passport has been out of date, so you cant use it.Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up to date with modern technology.用准date from和date back to这两个短语，通常使用一般现在时，没有进行时态，也没有被动形式。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。写美翻译句子我们学校有许多老树，每棵都是大约100年前的。There_are_many_old_trees_in_our_school,_each_dating_from_about_100_years_ago.2accommodate vt.容纳(乘客等)；使适应；迁就；向提供 vi.适应记牢(1)accommodate to sth.顺应/适应(新情况)accommodate sb./oneself to sth. 使某人/自己适应某事accommodate sb.with sth. 为某人提供某物(2)accommodation n. 住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解make/provide accommodations for为提供食宿练通单句语法填空Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness.He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.It includes a roundtrip ticket, hotel accommodations (accommodate) and three meals each day.补全句子I know how to accommodate_myself_to new circumstances.我知道怎样使自己适应新的环境。写美翻译句子组委会将提供接机服务并安排参展艺术家在展览活动期间的食宿。The_committee_will_offer_free_airport_services_and_provide_accommodations_for_the_artists_during_the_exhibition.3narrow adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的 v(使)变窄；缩小记牢(1)a narrow escape九死一生；死里逃生a narrow majority/victory/defeat 微弱多数/险胜/勉强击败(2)narrow down 缩小的范围(3)narrowly adv. 勉强地；差一点儿；狭隘地练通单句语法填空To their relief, their students narrowly (narrow) escaped from the burning building.The police have narrowed down their list of suspects.补全句子That was really a_narrow_escape all right when our car turned over!当我们的车翻过去的时候，那真是死里逃生！写美翻译句子这场篮球赛最后的比分是9697。我们惜败。The_final_score_of_the_basketball_match_was_9697.We_were_only_narrowly_beaten.4remove vt.迁移；搬迁；去除，移开；开除；免职，解除(职务)；摘掉，脱去(衣物)；拿走辨清写出下列句中remove的含义If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice.拿走He removed his jacket when he arrived home.脱去He was severely criticized and removed from his post.免职The agreement removes the last serious obstacle to the signing of the treaty.去除Three children were removed from school for bad behaviors.开除记牢(1)remove .from .把从移开remove from .to . 从搬到remove sb.from school 开除某人，勒令某人退学(2)removal n. 移植；解除；搬迁；免职练通单句语法填空Students removed several desks from their classroom to another one.Removals (remove) are unpleasant, but it will be nice when we get into the new house.写美翻译句子就我个人而言，我认为应该删除关于娱乐的专栏。As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_I_think_that_the_column_concerning_entertainment_should_be_removed.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1(2018全国卷)Remove (去掉) the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.2Most dams (坝；堤) are built to control a rivers water flow, improve navigation and control flooding.3Still, the variety of the structures (结构) used in the example sentences benefits me greatly.4He is writing a historical (有关历史的) novel about nineteethcentury France.5Fathers have an enormous (巨大的) effect on their childrens personalities and chances of marital happiness.6The plane crashed (撞上) into the mountain, but luckily the pilot survived.7They made 30 days accommodations (膳宿) for us in the activity during the summer holiday.8We need to hold back global (全球的) warming and prepare for its outcome.9It is difficult to travel through the town on a foggy (有浓雾的) morning.10The workers are busy with the construction (建造) of the new airport.单句语法填空1Would you be kind enough to_accommodate (accommodate) us for the night in your home?2The teacher will introduce some famous historical (history) figures to his students.3Graduates majoring in computer science, engineering (engineer), and physics have the highest wages.4The father as well as his three children goes skating on the frozen (freeze) river every Sunday afternoon in winter.5When experiments are to be made, one cant rely too much on the human senses to make accurate observation (observe)6It is reported that the new airport is still under construction.7Dating (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.8It was so foggy (fog) that the driver could hardly make out the way ahead.根据提示补全句子1把您的手提包从座位上拿开好吗？(remove)Will you please remove_your_handbag_from the seat?2这些衣服现在看起来很时尚，但不久就会过时。(date)The clothes look up_to_date now, but they will soon be out_of_date.3去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。(narrow)Last year I had_a_narrow_escape,_and I dont want to risk my life a second time.4地震之后，当地政府首先做的是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。(accommodate)After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to make_accommodations_for the homeless families.5一架小飞机撞到城东五英里的山坡上，机上四人无一幸免。(crash)A small plane crashed_into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on board.(一)课前自主学习1date_from起源于2of_all_time 有史以来3now_that 既然4dream_of/about 串记1 梦想5hold_back 串记2 阻止6come_true （梦想等)变成现实7make_sense 有意义；有道理8bring_an_end_to 结束；终止9be_on_a_visit_to 正对进行访问10of_great_importance 很重要同根短语串记串记1.dream“梦想”有多少dream of/about梦想dream a .dream 做梦dream away time 虚度光阴go to ones dreams 进入梦乡dream up 虚构出串记2.“v.back”短语全接触hold back阻止；抑制 get back返回；取回give back归还；送回 pay back偿还(借款等)ring back回电话 bring back带回；使想起1control flooding控制洪灾2three quarters of Chinas energy 中国四分之三的能量3by burning coal 通过燃煤4global warming 全球变暖5generate electricity 发电6live a happy new life 过着幸福的新生活7the second tallest building 第二高的建筑物8on a clear day 在晴天1It_took_six_years_to_build and cost US $20 billion.它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。2Is_it_possible_to_see the relics now that they have been submerged?既然这些遗迹都已被淹没，还有可能再看到它们吗？3Why do_you_think there are so many tall buildings in the world now?你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑？学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)完形中的短语(补全句子)1(2017浙江高考完形填空) Now Alia waited for the war to end and dreamed_of_peace (梦想着和平) and a new library.2(2010全国卷完形填空) He smiled and said, “She doesnt know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold_back (控制) tears as he left.3(2009湖南高考完形填空) Now_that (既然) Johnny was older, he was expected to dance with a girl!高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(词汇升级/补全句子)1(2018北京高考书面表达) Learning some basic Chinese before you come is very important.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)of_great_importance2(2011北京高考书面表达) In pursuing a dream, we might focus on only one way of making it come_true (变成现实), forgetting that there may be alternatives.3(2018全国卷书面表达)此外，在用餐期间，保持你的声音低和愉快对你来说更好。(It beadj.to do)Besides, its_better_for_you_to_keep your voice low and pleasant during the meal.4(2014重庆高考写作)他花了好几个星期才做好这件礼物。这就是为什么我比那天收到的其他礼物更珍惜它的原因。(It takes sb.some time to do sth.)It_took_him_several_weeks_to_learn_to make it.Thats why I value it more than any other gift I received that day.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1hold back阻止；隐瞒；抑制，控制(情感等)；扣留辨清写出下列句中hold back的含义The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to hold back your anger.抑制，控制I think hes holding something back; he knows more than he admits.隐瞒The police tried to hold back the angry crowd, but in vain.阻止记牢hold up支撑起；延误，延迟，耽搁；举起，抬起hold on 别挂断；坚持住，挺住hold on to 抓住不放；坚持；保留hold out (在困境中)坚持；伸出；维持练通选用上述短语填空I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held_back thankfully by the shop window.Women are playing a more and more important part in society they hold_up half the sky.Id thought I could hold_out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable.He held_on_to a branch until we came to his rescue.写美翻译句子运动员们永不言弃，奋战到最后。他们鼓励人们坚持，他们的精神感动了很多人。The_athletes_never_give_up_and_fight_for_the_last_minute.They_inspire_people_to_hold_on_and_their_spirit_moves_so_many_people.2make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通，可理解记牢make sense of了解的意义；懂得in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来讲in no sense 决不(位于句首要部分倒装)a sense of 的感觉There is no sense in (doing) sth. 口语做某事是没有道理/意义的。练通同义替换See, your computer has broken down again! It isnt reasonable (doesnt_make_sense) to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.We read through the poem, but could not understand (make_sense_of) it.句型转换You should lose heart in no sense; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.In_no_sense_should_you_lose_heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.(倒装句)用准(1)make sense是物作主语，无被动语态，用to引出人；make sense of是人作主语，可以用于被动语态，用of引出物。(2)make sense与make sense of中sense前不加冠词，sense本身也不能用复数形式。写美翻译句子同时，在提供给他人帮助时，我们自己也会有一种满足感。Also,_when_offering_others_help,_we_ourselves_will_have_a_sense_of_satisfaction.3bring an end to结束；终止记牢bring/put an end to sth.bring/put sth.to an end结束/终止某事come to an end 结束；完结carry .through to the end 将进行到底on end 连续地；竖着 练通选用上述短语填空We had hardly anything to eat for days on_end.Its hoped that the talks may bring/put_an_end_to the violence in schools.The long cruel winter came_to_an_end at last, then came a gentle warm spring.补全句子We must carry_the_experiment_through_to_the_end,_not giving it up halfway.我们必须将实验进行到底，不要中途放弃。写美翻译句子一个快乐的瞬间总是在你知道之前就结束了。A_happy_instant_always_comes_to_an_end_before_you_know_it.句式集释It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.教材原句It_took_six_years_to_build and cost US $20 billion.悟拓展例句(1)As a new graduate, he doesnt know what_it_takes_to_start a business here.作为一名刚毕业的学生，他不知道在这里创业需要什么。(2)A month before the event, I spent_hours_working_out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.在活动开始前的一个月，我花了几个小时制定了一个时间表，列出了我的目标和实际步骤。(3)Remembering these new words cost_him_a_lot_of_time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些生词。(4)The watch was very good, and he paid 20 percent down for it.这块表很好，他付了20%的钱。析用法规则用法归纳(1)It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. (某人)花费时间做某事(2)sb.spend some time/money (in) doing/on sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事(3)(doing) sth.cost (sb.) some time/money(做)某事/物花费(某人)时间/金钱(4)sb.pay some money for sth. 某人花费金钱为某事/某物注意事项在句型“It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”中， it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth.是句子的真正主语。此外， take还表示“需要”。背写作佳句(1)It took him several weeks to learn to make the papercutting.(要点句)(2)The new computer cost him more than 5,000 yuan.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空date from， now that， dream of， hold back， come true， make sense， bring an end to， of great importance1No force on earth can hold_back the progress of society.2It just doesnt make_sense.Why would she do a thing like that?3His hobby of collecting coins dates_from his childhood.4Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come_true.5Some states in the area have tried to bring_an_end_to the war.6I always dream_of attending a normal university and becoming a teacher.7Basic research is of_great_importance in all scientific fields.8Why not change your mind now_that you have found that there is something wrong with your plan?.根据提示补全句子/句型转换1您认为我明天下午什么时间可以来见他？(do you think作插入语)When_do_you_think_I_can come and see him tomorrow afternoon?2他花了很长一段时间才学会成为一名专业艺术家所需要的技能。(take)It_took_him_a_long_time_to_acquire the skills he needed to become a professional artist.3下次你有可能搭乘早一点的公交车吗？(It is possible to do sth.)Is_it_possible_for_you_to_take an earlier bus next time?4The park was crowded, so finding an available site cost us some time.The park was crowded, so it took_us_some_time_to_find an available site.(take)The park was crowded, so we spent_some_time_finding an available site.(spend)5Its no use talking to him any more.You are wasting your breath.(sense)There_is_no_sense_in_talking to him any more.You are wasting your breath.应用文分步写作假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Christina来信说，她今年夏天要来中国度假，游览三峡大坝及上海，希望你为她安排行程。请你回复一封信，告知相关事宜。要点包括：1介绍三峡大坝及上海；2交通方式方面的建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：三峡大坝the Three Gorges Dam第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文属于应用文中的回复信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。文章应分三个层次：开头应点明写信的缘由，为下文介绍三峡大坝和上海做好铺垫。主体部分要依据题目所给的两个要点进行构思，要点1比较宽泛，应细化处理，对三峡大坝和上海可介绍其地理位置和地位(国际地位及城市地位)；要点2提出行程建议，可联系实际做如下安排：先乘飞机到上海游览几天，再乘船去三峡大坝。结尾表达希望。开头语：得知你今年夏天要来中国度假，我很高兴。(宾语从句)I_am_glad_to_learn_that_youre_coming_to_China_for_a_holiday_this_summer.要点1：三峡大坝位于长江中部。三峡大坝在世界上享有国际声誉。(be located in, reputation)The_Three_Gorges_Dam_is_located_in_the_middle_of_the_Yangtze_River.The_Three_Gorges_Dam_has_an_international_reputation_around_the_world.要点1：在长江入海口是中国最大的城市上海。(倒装句)At_the_mouth_of_the_Yangtze_River_is_the_largest_city_of_China_Shanghai.要点2：乘飞机到上海，当你到达上海时你可以游览几天。Fly_to_Shanghai_and_when_you_arrive_in_it,_you_can_visit_for_several_days.要点2：你可以乘船去三峡大坝。(board)You_can_board_a_ship_to_the_Three_Gorges_Dam.结尾语：希望你在中国旅行愉快。Hope_you_will_enjoy_your_journey_in_China.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼为了使内容充实，我们可以对要点进行适度拓展、添加细节。开头句可添加度假的目的“游览三峡大坝及上海”并升级为省略句；在介绍三峡大坝及上海前需要一个统领句来引出下文，可添加“我很高兴介绍一下你想去的地方”；要点1“三峡大坝享有国际声誉”可以添加同位语(同类中最大的)，并用过去分词作状语在要点内部进行整合；对要点2可以添加“你可以花几天时间来探索它的美丽和美味的食物”；要点2可以添加现在分词短语(同时一路上欣赏两岸的风景)作伴随状语；要点2最后可补加“你也可以乘高铁去宜昌，那里是大坝所在地”并使用where引导的非限制性定语从句。拓展开头语：得知你今年夏天要来中国度假游览三峡大坝及上海，我很高兴。(省略句)Glad_to_hear_that_youre_coming_to_China_for_a_holiday_to_visit_the_Three_Gorges_Dam_and_Shanghai_this_summer.补充衔接句：我很高兴介绍一下你想去的地方。(it作形式主语)Its_my_pleasure_to_introduce_something_about_the_places_youd_like_to_go_to.拓展要点1：三峡大坝，位于长江中部，是同类中最大的，在世界上享有国际声誉。(过去分词作状语，同位语)Located_in_the_middle_of_the_Yangtze_River,_the_Three_Gorges_Dam_the_biggest_of_its_kind_has_an_international_reputation_around_the_world.拓展要点2：乘飞机到上海，当你到达上海时，你可以花几天时间来探索它的美丽和美味的食物。Fly_to_Shanghai_and_when_you_arrive_in_it,_you_can_explore_its_beauty_and_tasty_foods_for_several_days.拓展要点2：你可以乘船去三峡大坝，同时一路上欣赏两岸的风景。(现在分词作状语)You_can_board_a_ship_to_the_Three_Gorges_Dam,_enjoying_the_scenery_on_both_sides_all_the_way.补充要点2：你也可以乘高铁去宜昌，那里是大坝所在地。(用where引导的非限制性定语从句)You_can_also_take_a_high_speed_train_to_Yichang,_where_the_dam_rests.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本文可分为四个段落来写，行文时要注意语言表达的连贯性和得体性。“我很高兴介绍一下你想去的地方”是一个承上启下句，需紧跟在开头语之后。在“提出行程建议”时，可按照行程的时间顺序进行描述，用并列连词firstly， then， besides进行衔接。Dear_Christina，Glad_to_hear_that_youre_coming_to_China_for_a_holiday_to_visit_the_Three_Gorges_Dam_and_Shanghai_this_summer.Its_my_pleasure_to_introduce_something_about_the_places_youd_like_to_go_to.Located_in_the_middle_of_the_Yangtze_River,_the_Three_Gorges_Dam_the_biggest_of_its_kind_has_an_international_reputation_around_the_world.At_the_mouth_of_the_Yangtze_River_is_the_largest_city_of_China_Shanghai.Firstly,_fly_to_Shanghai_and_when_you_arrive_in_it,_yo