新课标必修4第一单元学习指导.doc

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Unit one Women of achievement学习指导单词1.achieve tivvt. 完成；达到【巧记提示】a-（to)+chief (ve)（最有价值的部分），达到A级价值。【经典例句】By hard working we can achieve anything.只要我们努力，任何事情都能成功。【考点聚焦】1)形容词：achievable 能完成的；能达到的；同义词：accomplish v. 完成（任务等）；2）名词：achievement 成就；功绩当achievement作“成就；业绩”解时是可数名词；作“完成；实现”解时，是不可数名词。后缀-ment附在动词或动词词根后构成名词，类似的词还有entertainentertainment,movemovement,equipequipment,judgejudg(e)mentm,shipshipment等。3）achieve的常见搭配：我的记忆卡achieve success获得成功achieve victory取得胜利achieve ones purpose达到目的achieve ones aim 实现目标achieve a good result 得到好的结果achieve ones goal 实现某人的目标2.connection knekn n. 连接；关系；亲戚【巧记提示】connect（连接)+-ion (名词后缀)【经典例句】 My sister-in-law is a connection of mine by marriage.我的嫂子是我的姻亲。【考点聚焦】 1）同根词：connected adj.联接的;有关系的；connective adj.连接的；联合的； connectingn.连接；管接头；近义词：association，relation2)与connection有关的词组：have connection with “与有关系”，如：His illness must have had some connection with his diet.他的病想必与他的饮食有关。in connection with “与有关；关于”，如：The teachers often deal with problems in connection with education.老师经常处理和教育有关的问题。3)connect加后缀-ion构成名词，类似的词还有：我的记忆卡actactioncommunicatecommunicationcorrectcorrectionoperateoperation instructinstructiontranslatetranslation 3.behave bheIv vt. & vi.举动；举止；行为表现【巧记提示】 be-（使）+ have（有），使有好的举止。【经典例句】 He behaved with great courage in the battle.他在这次战斗中表现得非常勇敢。【考点聚焦】 1)同根词：misbehave v. 使行为不端;behavio(u)r n. 举止；行为；表现；misbehavio(u)rn. 不良行为behaviour亦作 behavior，是英国英语和美国英语在拼法上的区别。类似的词还有favo(u)r（赞成；赞许），flavo(u)r（滋味；味道），vapo(u)r（蒸汽；雾），neighbo(u)r（邻居）等。2)常用搭配：behave oneself 使举止好；使举止规矩4.worthwhile w：(h)wal adj.值得花时间（精力）的；有价值的【巧记提示】 worth(价值)+ while（消磨）值得消磨时间有价值【经典例句】 It is worthwhile to visit the museum.参观这个博物馆是值得的。【考点聚焦】1)区别worthwhile与worth，worthy的用法：worthwhile意为“值得”，指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的。如：It is worthwhile to read the book.=It is worthwhile reading the book.=Reading the book is worthwhile.这本书值得一读。但不可以说The book is worthwhile reading.worth表示“价值”时，后接价值数量词；当表示“值得”时，后接名词、代词或动名词（不能接不定式）,常用well修饰，不用very。如：This laptop is worth 10 000 yuan and it is well worth buying.这台笔记本电脑值10 000元,很值得买。worthy表示“有价值的；可尊敬的”时，常作定语；表示“值得”时，常作表语，结构为 worthy of sth.。如：It is a worthy cause and worthy of our hardworking.这是一份高尚的事业，值得我们努力。worthy后面还可接动名词或不定式，结构分别是worthy of being done和worthy to be done。如：The incident is worthy of being remembered.=The incident is worthy to be remembered.这次事件值得纪念。5.observe zv vt. 观察；观测；遵守【巧记提示】ob-（对，向）+ serve（服务），对服务质量进行观察。【经典例句】We should strictly observe the discipline.我们应该严格遵守纪律。【考点聚焦】1）同根词：observer n. 观察者;observatory n.天文台；气象台；observation n. 观察；观测近义词：examine v. 检查；仔细观察2)observe的用法：observe+宾语+宾语补足语（不带to的不定式/动词的-ing形式），被动语态要用带to的不定式。如：They were observed to enter the bank/entering the bank.他们被注意着进了银行。observe+从句，如：The boy observed what was going on between Tom and his sister.这个男孩注意着汤姆和他姐姐之间所发生的事。3)当表示“看”时，observe，watch，see，notice的区别：observe 相当于watch carefully，指从不同的角度长时间地看并研究，尤其用于实验或研究等场合，如observe the stars（观察星星），observe the behavior of birds（观察鸟类的习性）等；watch意为“看；观看，特别留意、感兴趣地看运动着的东西”。如 watch TV（看电视），watch a game（观看比赛）等；see 指“看到；看见”；强调看的结果，有意或无意地看到；notice 指“看到；注意到；觉察到”；偶尔看到细小的但可能是重要的。6.respect rpekt vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意【巧记提示】re-（再，又）+spect（“注视”的词根），再看表示敬意。【经典例句】 Youth should always show respect to old age.年轻人总是应该尊敬老人。【考点聚焦】1)同根词：respecting prep.关系；说到；self-respect 自尊心2)形容词respectable，respectful 与respective 的区别：respectable 指“值得尊敬的”；respectful表示“尊敬的；恭敬的”；respective 指“各自的；分别的”。3）表示“尊敬”时，respect和honour，regard的区别：r