铁路翻译易错词汇整理.docx

中文英文备注正线Mainline双线Double-line延长Linear length延米Linear meter延长米区间BlockBlock (section)明洞Open-cut tunnel暗洞Subsurface tunnel高铁High Speed Rail设计行车速度Design travelling speed建筑限界Structure gauge轨面Rail surface净空Clearance客运专线Passenger dedicated linePDL线下设计速度Design substructure speed 这里的线就是俗称的钢轨。故名思义，线上部分速度应是列车的实际运行速度；线下部分速度应是路基的设计速度。设计速度应大于列车运行速度。线下部分指路基设计标准，为今后提速预留空间；线上设计速度Design superstructure speed线上部分指目前铁轨及配套设施设计通行标准。衬砌内轮廓Lining inner contour轨距Gauge 加宽Widening 洞口portal洞口段Portal section预加固Pre-reinforcement 采空区Mined-out area断层破碎带Fault fracture zone不良地质地带Adverse geological zone早进晚出early portal formation and late tunnel ending（早进洞、晚出洞）危岩unstable rock落石Falling rocks旁站监理Site supervision旁站监理是指在施工过程中，监理人员对建筑工程的关键部位、关键工序的施工质量实施全过程现场跟班监督。无损检测nondestructive testNDT原文：遵循“早进洞、晚出洞”的原则，做好出口地表测量和精确放样工作。试译：The principle of “early tunnel portal formation and late tunnel ending” shall be observed, and ground surface survey as well as accurate setting out at tunnel exit shall be properly made原文：交叉渡线铺设时，四组单开道岔与主要连接线应在一个平面上，次要连接线上的道岔与前后连接线轨面高差，按规定顺坡，并兼顾相邻道岔。试译：For laying scissors crossover, four sets of single turnout and main connection line shall be on the same plane, while the elevation difference of rail surface between turnout on secondary line connectors and that of connection lines in front and behind shall form smooth change along the gradient as per regulation, while giving consideration to neighboring turnouts原文：大型养路机械起道量不超过50 mm时可进行单捣作业，50-80 mm时应进行双捣作业。试译：Single ballast tamping operation shall be performed when height of track lifting made by heavy duty track maintenance machine is no more than 50 mm, while twice ballast tamping operation be performed when height of track lifting is 5080 mm原文：在桥上严禁起振，不得停振。试译：It is prohibited to start vibration by starting a train on bridge, nor stop of a vibrating train on bridge原文：一次起道量小于等于30 mm，一次拨道量小于等于10 mm时，作业轨温不得超过实际锁定轨温20。试译： Temperature of rail to be operated usually is not allowed to exceed actual stress free rail temperature 20 when height of track lifting in one operation is less than or equals to 30 mm, or shift by track lining in one operation is less than or equals to 10 mm原文：提出了“钩缓间作业人员应相对固定”的建议。试译：It is proposed that workers of coupler and draft gear workshop shall be relatively fixed原文：桥址上游附近宜导不宜挑。试译：Diversion dyke is preferable than spur dike near the upstream of the bridge site明挖法Cut-and-cover method暗挖法Subsurface excavation method盖挖法Covered top-down method浅埋暗挖法shallow tunneling method矿山法Mine tunneling method明、暗衬砌段Open and subsurface lined section相贯线Intersecting line进洞Portal formation漫坡Gentle slope边仰坡Slope Side slope and heading slope渡槽aqueduct曲墙式带仰拱复合式衬砌curved wall lining with inverted arch旋喷桩Jet grouting pile偏压段unsymmetrical loaded section锚杆 Bolting 喷锚挂网支护Shotcrete-bolt-mesh support型钢钢架Section steel frame超前支护Forepoling / advance support Forepoling, also named as tube umbrella, is achieved by spiling, pipe roof, grouting and freezing超前小导管Forepoling ductule管棚Pipe roofing管式锚杆tub