[高等教育]英国国家概况之英国经济.ppt

Thursday, April 4, 2019,1,Compare British 2 major parties,Thursday, April 4, 2019,2,Comparative Description on the 2 major parties,Mid-19thC (old),20thC (young),Thursday, April 4, 2019,3,Comparative Description on the 2 major parties,high taxes socialist public,low taxes Individual private,Thursday, April 4, 2019,4,Comparative Description on the 2 major parties,Working class,middle and uppermiddle,Thursday, April 4, 2019,5,Comparative Description on the 2 major parties,National health service social security system nationalized industries,privatize nationalized industries less welfare payments & public service,Unit 5: The UK Economy,December, 2011,Thursday, April 4, 2019,7,a cotton textile factory after Industrial Revolution,I. Early History (-1900),agriculture export wool 14thC, dominant foreign trade 17thC, a leader in textile 1588 defeated Spanish Armada 1700-1944 British Empire 1750-1850 Industrial Revolution workshop of the world(P70),A Watt Steam Engine,Thursday, April 4, 2019,8,Thursday, April 4, 2019,9,Thursday, April 4, 2019,10,II. During the Two World Wars,Britains share of world trade fell from 1/4 in 1880, 1/6 in 1913, and 1/8 in 1948. An Unfavorable Position (P71-72) 1. debt 2. end of the empire 3. Large military spending 4. A catchingup by Germany and Japan 5. Lack of a relationship between industry and banks,Thursday, April 4, 2019,11,III. During 1945-1979,In 1945 the Labor party: Reforms nationalization of industries high taxes a welfare state It laid the foundation for postwar British social and economic development. 1945 - 60s slow - 70s recession British disease (P73): soaring inflation workers strike for more pay slow growth of productivity,Thursday, April 4, 2019,12,III. During 1945-1979,Thursday, April 4, 2019,13,IV. During 1979-1997,Conservative Party (P73) Thatchers reform: privatization low taxes reduced social welfare Thatchers economic policy achieved remarkable success. Negative aspects: high unemployment widened gap between the poor and the rich high crime rates unsatisfactory social services,“In politics if you want anything said, ask a man. If you want anything done, ask a woman.” Margaret Thatcher,Margaret Thatcher 1979-1990,John Major (1990-97),Thursday, April 4, 2019,14,V. During 1997 - 2010,In 1997 the Labor party: the “Third Way” bank of England independent minimum wage and supplement of low incomes individual responsibility Britains economic growth surpassed. world economic crisis,Thursday, April 4, 2019,15,Growth and Decline,VI. British Economy in the world (P70),One of the worlds wealthiest 6th largest economy The strongest business environment in Europe A member of the G7, G8 and G20 One of the major trading nations Member of European Union (EU) 欧盟 Sterlingperforms well,Thursday, April 4, 2019,16,Presentation of Q1 (P84) Lecture: Unit 8 British Foreign Relations Presentation of Unit 10 Sports,Preparation for Next Time,Thursday, April 4, 2019,17,Member of the Group of 7 large developed economies,United States, Italy, Germany, Japan, France and Canada formed in 1976,formed in 1976 The finance ministers of these countries meet to discuss economic policies.,Thursday, April 4, 2019,18,USA Germany Japan France Britain Italy,Canada Netherlands Belgium Switzerland,Imports Exports,0,200,400,600,800,1000,1200,1400,Major trading nations values of exports & imports in US dollars (billions) 2000,Thursday, April 4, 2019,19,Member of European Union (EU) 欧盟,an economic and political union of 27 member states,euro,Thursday, April 4, 2019,20,Great British Pound,Other names: Pound; Sterling; Pound sterling Symbol: code: GBP 3rd reserve currency 储备货币 (US dollar, euro欧元) 4th in the foreign exchange market外汇市场 （US dollar, euro, Japanese yen),Thursday, April 4, 2019,21,GBP = Great British Pound,Fiver,Tenner,Quid: pound,Thursday, April 4, 2019,22,Bank Notes,Thursday, April 4, 2019,23,P:penny;pence,By the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith,Quid: pound,Thursday, April 4, 2019,24,The coins,Thur