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词序与倒装l“Those apples are very expensive”“Do you know_?”(A)how much cost them (B)how much they cost(C)they cost how much (D)how much do they cost【简析】(B)本句选 how much they cost是因为它是间接疑问句,英语间接疑问句的语序要与肯定句相同,同时主句“Do you know?”已经表示疑问了。我们可以说:I dont know what your name is但我们不能说:I dont know what is your name2“Will a bus stop here soon?”“No,_.”(A)ten minutes ago just one went by(B)ten minutes ago one just went by(C)just one went by ten minutes ago(D)one just went by ten minutes ago【简析】(D)just是一个常见的副词,当 just的意思是 a momentago(刚才)时,英国英语通常用现在完成时,而美国英语则用一般过去时,这时just位置要放在谓语动词前。本句just就属于这种情况,当just解释“仅仅”(=only)时,just就要放在它所修饰的词前面,如:He was just a little displeased他就有一点不高兴。 I just wantedto ask you about the meeting我只是想问问你有关会议的事宜。3_would have known the answer(A)Clever anyone (B)Anyone clever(C)Anyone is clever (D)Clever is anyone【简析】(B)不定代词any,no,some所派生的词,如somebody,everything,everybody,anything,anybody,anyone,somewhere等类似的词要把形容词放在其后,如:Have yon read anything interesting late-ly?你最近读过什么有趣的东西吗?4.According to the information,the newly-constructed highway is_(A)length twenty miles (B)in twenty miles of length(C)long about twenty miles (D)about twenty miles long【简析】(D)在表示长度、高度、宽度的词组中,形容词和副词要放在表示长、宽、高度的名词之后,如six feet high(6英尺高),three meters deep(3米深)。5After the funeral,the residents of the apartment building_(A)sent faithfully flowers all weeks to the cemetery(B)sent flowers faithfully to the cemetery each week(C)sent to the cemetery each week flowers faithfully(D)sent each week faithfully to the cemetery flowers【简析】(B)当副词修饰动词时,如果动词是不及物动词,其顺序是“不及物动词+副词”,如果动词是及物动词,其顺序是“及物动词+宾语+副词”,故选(B)。6We had English classes_(A)last term in school every other day(B)every other day last term in school(C)in school every other day last term(D)every other day in school last term【简析】(C)当一个句子同时有时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语通常都放在地点状语的后面。7We left Chicago_(A)last Friday in the morning at 7(B)in the morning at 7 last Friday(C)at 7 in the morning last Friday(D)at 7 last Friday in the morning【简析】(C)如果一个句子有好几个地点状语时,其原则是由小到大,如:She lives at Tsinghua University,in Beijing,Peoples Republic of China如果一句子中有两个以上不同种类的副词作状语时,其顺序是“地点状态次数时间”,如:MrMokey arrived here safely the day before yesterdayHe telephoned from Tianjin three times yester-day8“Why doesnt Mary stay with relatives in New York?”“She_in Boston”(A)only has relatives (B)has relatives only(C)relative has only (D)has only relatives【简析】(B)副词only可放在句子中的不同地方,如句首、句中或句尾。only的位置不同,全句的意思或着重点就有所不同。通常副词 only一般应放在它所修饰的词的前面。试比较:Mary has onlydistant relatives in Boston玛丽在波士顿只有远亲。Mary has distant rel- atives only in Boston玛丽只在波士顿有远亲。Only Mary has relatives in Boston只有玛丽在波士顿有亲戚。9Id like to speak to_(A)the responsible (B)a responsible person(C)the person responsible (D)a person responsible【简析】(C)一些以-able和-ible结尾的形容词有时可作后置定语。available一词就常作后置定语,如:Are there any tickets available? 还有票吗?本句中 the person responsible是较固定的用法,意思是“负 责人”,(B)也可以,但意思不同。a responsible person的意思是“一 个敢于负责的人”。10You_(A)rightly answered the question(B)answered the question rightly(C)right answered the question(D)answered rightly the question【简析】(A)right和rightly都可以表示“正确”的意思。在非 正式的谈话中,right更为常用,但要用在动词之后。本题答案(B)也对,但和(A)的意思不同。(B)的意思是“你回答的问题(指内 容)是对的”,(A)的意思是“你回答这个问题是对的”(应该回答)。11_for the phone to ring(A)She sat there hopefully waiting(B)Hopefully,she sat there waiting(C)She sat there waiting hopefully(D)She hopefully sat there waiting【简析】(C)hopefully放在句中意思是full of hope(充满希望)或hoping(怀有的希望),hopefully放在句首时修饰全句,意思是 we hope或it is hoped that,如:Hopefully,China will win the world vol- leyball championship我们希望中国排球队将会赢得世界排球锦标赛 冠军。12Why are you still smoking?You_(A)should have given up it(B)should have given it up(C)ought to have given up it(D)should given it up【简析】(B)当谓语是由put on,carry on,look up,put across,work out,give up这类由一个动词加副词构成的动词短语表示时,如 果宾语是一个代词,通常要把它放在动词与副词之间。 13He_ he could learn English in six weeks(A)imagined fondly (B)fondly imagined(C)fond imagined (D)could imagine【简析】(B)fondly作“怜爱地”解,要放在动词后面;放在动词前面意思是“天真地、愚蠢地”。14Only by diligence and honesty_in life(A)one succeed (B)one will be succeed(C)can one be succeeded (D)can one succeed【简析】(D)英语的倒装结构分为二种,即全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装句是句子的全部谓语放到主语的前面;部分倒装句中,如果原句的谓语动词是由二三个动词组成,第一个动词就要在主语前加上助动词do的适当形式。句中的only是副词,当它位于句首,修饰的不是主语的话,通常句子中的主语和谓语动词只要求部分倒装。only倒装结构如下:译文:只有靠勤奋和诚实,人们才能成功。15So little_that the neighbors could not settle their differ- ence(A)they agreed (B)agreed did they(C)did they agree (D)they did agree【简析】(C)so是副词,当它放在句首时表示强调,句子中的 谓语动词要部分倒装。16So badly_in the accident that he was detained in the hos- pital for treatment(A)did he injure (B)he did injure(C)was he injured (D)he was injured【简析】(C)译文:他在事故中伤得很重,只得留在医院治疗。17Often_her not to be late for school(A)did we ask (B)we ask(C)we asked (D)we did ask【简析】(A)副同 often(many a time)位于句首时,句子中的 主语和谓语动词要用部分倒装表示强调。18Before the detonation of an atomic bomb,never_(A)an explosion of such power had taken place(B)had an explosion of such powet taken place(C)had been such an explosin of power(D)there had been an explosion of such power【简析】(B)句首以否定词 not,not only,never,no,hardly,sel-dom,rarely,scarcely,little,not until,no sooner(than),hardly (when)以及含有否定意义的短语 in no way(决不),in no case (决不),by no means(决不、一点也不),at no time(决不、从不),under no circumstances(决不),no longer(不再),in vain(徒劳)等 开头的句子,后面主语和谓语动词的语序要求部分倒装。本句的谓 语动词所以部分倒装是因为never放在主语的前面。19Little_about what he is doing(A)do we know (B)we do know(C)did we know (D)we know【简析】(A)little是否定词,当它位于句首时,就要求谓语动 词部分倒装。20Nowhere_that life always goes smoothly(A)it has been said (B)it is said(C)has it been said (D)does it say【简析】(C)句中的 nowhere修饰has it been said。试比较:Nowhere,it has been said,does life always go smoothly这个句中的 nowhere修饰go。因此,句子的意思就应该是:有人说过,生活不是在什么地方都总是那么顺利。21In no way_the amount of heat(A)the temperature equals(B)does the temperature equal (C)equals the temperature(D)does the temperature equals【简析】(B)含有no的词组常出现在句首,表示强调,后 面要用倒装语序。22_the first to use nuclear weapons(A)At no time China will be(B)Never China will be(C)Will China never be(D)At no time will China be【简析】(D)译文:在任何时候,中国决不会首先使用核武器。23He was told under no circumstances_the computer(A)he may use (B)may he use(C)did he may use (D)he did use【简析】(B)本句倒装结构是在宾语从句中,因为宾语从句的 句首是含有否定意义的 under no circumstances。24Under no circumstances_anything that will benefit our- selves,but at the same time harm the interests of others(A)should we do (B)does one do(C)would we do (D)did he do【简析】(A)译文:无论如何我们也不能做出任何损人利己的事情。25Emile has returned,however,not before his employer contacts him_his position(A)will he resume (B)he resumes(C)resume he will (D)he does resume【简析】(A)本句的倒装结构是在全句中的最后一句。否定词not并不是否定 before引出的从句,而是否定he will resume,故选 (A)。译文:埃米尔虽然回来了,但雇主在和他联系(接触)之前不 会恢复他的职务。26By no means_his plan to practise medicine(A)he has given up (B)has he given up(C)did he have given up (D)he did give up【简析】(B)practise medicine意思为“开业行医”。27On no account_to feed the animals in the zoo(A)visitors dont allow (B)visitors are not allowed(C)are visitors allowed (D)do visitors allow【简析】(C)词组 on no account的意思是“决不”,因句首含有 否定的意义,谓语动词要求部分倒装。译文:在动物园里,参观者一律不得给动物喂食。28Hardly_he finished his speech_the audience started cheering(A)did;before (B)had;them(C)did;when (D)had;when【简析】(D)Hardly/Scarcely谓语主语when/before(刚就),No sooner谓语主语than(一就),这种结构可用来 表示一件事紧接另一件事发生,通常与过去完成时连用。译文:他一做完报告,观众就开始欢呼起来。29Not until the compass came into use_on the sea(A)ships could travel (B)and ships could travel(C)do shipe travel (D)could ships travel【简析】(D)until作连词时可以和not连用,可置于句首,意思 是“直到才”。在这种情况下,主语和谓语动词的倒装是在主句中,而不是在not until的从句中,如:Not until I came to China did I know what kind of a country she is直到来到中国我才知道中国是个什么样 的国家。译文:直到应用了指南针,船只才能在海上航行。30_I couldnt lift the box(A)As I might try (B)Try as I might(C)As try I might (D)Try though might I【简析】(B)as作“虽然”讲时引出让步状语从句,比though的意义要强。在这种从句中要把表语、状语或实意动词提到句首再加as,再加其他成分。如:Search as they would,they could find nothing in the house尽管他们在这房子里到处搜寻,但是他们找不到任何东 西。Cold as it was,we went out虽然很冷,但我们还是出去了。Much as he likes physics,he likes mathematics better虽然他很喜欢物理,但 他更喜欢数学。本句是属于实意动词提到句首这一类。31_,I must do another experiment(A)Be it ever so late (B)It is ever so late(C)It be ever so late (D)So late it be ever【简析】(A)句中ever sovery。译文:时间虽晚,但我必须再做一个实验。32As we know,all animals need air,and_(A)so plants do (B)nor do plants(C)so do plants (D)plants need so【简析】(C)副词so,neither,nor可用来引出这样的一种句子:我们说某人、某事或某种情况,同刚才提到过的相同。在这种情况下,so/neither/nor 引出句子中的主语、谓语词序必须颠倒。通常so 引出的句子,前面的句子一定是肯定句,而neiter/nor引出的句子,前面的句子一定是否定句,如:Wood cant conduct electricity,nor can glass木头不能导电,玻璃也是如此。本句中 so do plantsplants also need air。33“I found it easier to learn Russian than to learn English”“_”(A)I notice so (B)So I notice(C)So notice I (D)Did I notice so【简析】(B)在用say,hear,believe,notice,tell,understand及其他许多动词时,可以把so(同样、也)放在句首,但后面的语序不颠倒,如:Its going to be a cold winter,or so the newspaper say今 年冬天将会很冷,至少报纸上是这么说的。句中的so是代词,意思是“这样、如此”,so I notice我也注意到了。等于:I notice that you found it easier to learn Russian34“Can you tell me where my son is?”“Yes,of course,_!”(A)here your son comes (B)here comes your son(C)comes your son (D)your son here comes【简析】(B)副词here,there放在句首时,主语、谓语的语序 要求全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词则不须倒装,这种结构常用在口语中。结构如下:Here/There不及物动词主语(名词),Here/There主语(代词)动词。试比较:Here comes the bus!Here it comes!35There_the proofreader overlooked on the page(A)a mistake is (B)is a mistake(C)a mistake be (D)be mistake【简析】(B)译文:在这一页校对员漏掉了一个错。36Flying demands a much greater supply of energy_ other forms of transportation(A)than do most (B)most than do(C)than most do (C)do than most【简析】(A)句中than do most other forms of transportationthan most other forms of transportation do。than引出的比较状语从句,如果主句较长,可以借助于倒装来保持句子的平衡。37_from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pis- tol at him(A)Jumped down the burglar(B)Down the burglar jumped(C)Down jumped the burglar(D)Jumped the burglar down【简析】(c)当句首的状语是方位词,如down,up,on,in,out 等,或是因为主语太长时,谓语动词可全部倒装,如:Down came the ceiling天花板掉下来了。Across the river lies a newly built bridge新 建的一座桥横跨这条河。这种句子中通常无宾语,常常是说明了主语在哪里。附加疑问句1Lets listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned,_?(A)do we (B)dont we(C)shall we (D)will we【简析】(C)祈使句后可以加一个简单的疑问句,使口气变得 客气一些。在 Lets 的祈使句后,通常用 shall we?在 Have some beer 这类祈使句后则用 wont?祈使句后面的疑问句还有 will you?wont you?would you? can you?cant you?及could you?它们的区别:一般wont用于邀请,will及would用来告诉人们该做什么事。在祈使句的否定结构后面,只能用 will you?2We never dared to ask him a question,_?(A)did we (B)didnt we(C)dare

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