十套考研英国概况练习题及答案.doc

十套考研英国概况练习题及答案由经典语句网站长收集整理 转摘请注明British Survey TestPart I Geography1. The total area of the U.K. is _.A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,5342. England occupies the _ portion of the U.K.A. northern B. eastern C. southern3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _.A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland4. _ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary.A. Wales B. Scotland C. England5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _ century.A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th6. By the Act of Union of _ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 18017. Psysiographically Britain may be divided into _ provinces.A. 13 B. 12 C. 148. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _.A. the Scottish Highlands B. WalesC. England9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _.A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _ and England.A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden11. The longest river in Britain is _.A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann12. London is situated on the River of _.A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey13. Edinburgh is the capital of _.A. England B. Scotland C. Wales14. The rivers flowing into the _ are mainly short.A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _.A. Scotland B. Wales C. England16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _.A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines17. About _ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50% B. 38% C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _.A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _.A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 169420. Britain is basically an importer of _.A. food B. raw materialsC. manufactures D. both A and B21. British farmers produce enough food to supply _ of the needs of the population.A. 2/3 B. 4/5 C. 1/222. Britains main cereal crop is _.A. oats B. corn C. barley D. rye23. The center of the Britain financial system is _.A. Bank of England B. Bank of Britain C. Bank of U.K.24. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _.A. the Angles B. the Saxons C. the Picts D. the Jutes25. “Black Country” refers to _.A. countryside in England B. an area around BirminghamC. a country in Africa26. The second largest port in Britain is _.A. London B. Belfast C. Liverpool27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _.A. Cardiff B. Belfast C. Leith28. Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _ B.C.A. 410 B. 750 C. 30029. The U.K. is rich in the following except _.A. coal B. iron C. gold D. tin30. The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _.A. limitation of immigration B. fall of the birth rateC. fall of death rate D. unemployment31. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _.A. 60% B. 80% C. 70%32. The Queens University is in the city of _.A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Manchester33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _.A. final unification of England B. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progress D. some peculiarities of dialect34. About _ percent of the population live in cities or towns.A. 80 B. 85 C. 9035. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _ million acres.A. 30 B. 25 C. 4036. The highest mountain in England is _.A. Mt. Mourne B. Mt. Snowdon C. Mt. Seafell37. The second largest city in England is _.A. Glasgow B. Birmingham C. Manchester38. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _.A. Gaels B. Britons C. Anglo-Saxons39. Scotland occupies the _ portion of Great Britain.A. southern B. northern C. western40. By the Act of Union in _, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.41. _ has its own national church and its own system of law.A. Wales B. Northern Ireland C. Scotland42. The _ End includes Westminster, St. James PalaceA. East B. West C. North43. _ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. Scotland B. Northern Ireland C. Wales D. England1. The U.K. is situated in _ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _ _ and _ _.3. The U.K. consists of England, _, _ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _.6. _ _ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _ _.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _ _.11. The most important river is the River of _.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _ _.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _ _ _ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britains Industrial Revolution took place between _ and _.16. The Bank of England was founded in _.17. The population of the U.K. is more than _ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _.19. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _.20. In Wales many people speak _.21. People sing the national anthem in _.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _ and _ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _ London boroughs and _ Outer London boroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _.27. The British national anthem is _ _ _ _.28. The U.K. lies to the _ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the _ End.30. River _ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _.32. The source of the River _ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.35. Define the Following Terms36. “Backbone of England”37. Greater London38. Celts39. The “Irish Question”I. Answer the Following Questions1. What are the major factors influencing the British weather characterized by a moderate temperature and plenty of rainfall?2. Why is United Kingdom said to be a trading nation?3. What are the general characteristics of the British economy?英美概况一答案Part II.DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD ACACB CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBDII. Northwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish, Welsh England London Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nevis Pennines North Sea Thames London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 1850 1694 57 manufacture Irish Welsh English dark Scots, Irish Welsh Inner, 20 Edinburgh God Save the Queen North West Clyde England Thames Cardiff coal英美概况英国历史部分History1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _.A. once B. twice C. three times2. King Arthur was the king of _.A. Picts B. Celts C. Scots D. Jutes3. The first “King of the English” was _.A. Alfred B. Egbert C. Bede D. Ethelred4. Christianity was introduced into England in the late _ century.A. 14th B. 8th C. 6th5. In 1653 _ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver Cromwell B. Charles I C. William II6. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. Saxons B. Scots C. Welsh D. Wessex7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _.A. the King of Denmark and Norway B. the king of EnglandC. Julius Caesar D. the Archbishop of Canterbury8. The _ invaded England in the earliest time.A. Danes B. Iberians C. Romans D. Celts9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _.A. Norway B. DenmarkC. France D. both A and B10. Edward was known as the “_” because of his reputation for saintliness.A. Confessor B. Conqueror C. Protector11. Norman Conquest began in _.A. 1016 B. 1066 C. 103512. In history _ was nicknamed “King of Lackland”.A. John B. Henry I C. Henry II13. In 1181 Henry II issued the _ which made it compulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms.A. Inquest of Sheriffs B. Assize of Arms C. Doomsday Book14. Henry Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of Angevin as _.A. Henry I B. Henry II C. Henry III15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _ Archbishop of Canterbury.A. Thomas Becket B. Stephen Langton C. Simon de Mortfort16. Charles I was beheaded in _.A. 1649 B. 1648 C. 165317. It was _ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.A. Edward I B. Henry IV C. Simon de Montfort18. The Great Charter contained _ sets of provisions.A. two B. four C. three19. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _.A. Henry Turner B. Watt Tyler C. Richard20. The English Church was strictly _.A. national B. international C. regional21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a _.A. coup detat B. racial slaughter C. peasant rising22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _.A. factory of the world B. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval23. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in _ and ended in _.A. 1775, 1783 B. 1774, 1782 C. 1786, 178424. The Battle of Hastings took place in _.A. 1606 B. 1042 C. 106625. The Great Charter was signed by _ in 1215.A. King Henry II B. King Richard C. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _ in England.A. grow B. flourish C. decline D. end27. It was _ who published the book “The Rights of Man”.A. Thomas More B. Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson28. The first Prime Minister was _.A. Wilminton B. George Grenville C. Robert Walpole29. The Parliament of 1265 which is known as the “_” is considered the “beginning of parliament”.A. All Estates Parliament B. Model ParliamentC. Long Parliament30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _.A. the Wars of Roses B. the Hundred Years WarC. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century _ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalism B. capitalism C. Catholicism32. Prime Minister _ resisted any reform that could be resisted.A. Palmerston B. Robert Peel C. Gladstone33. By the end of the Hundred Years War only the port of _ remained under English rule.A. Troyes B. Gascon C. Calais34. In the 14th century took place the _, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages.A. Earthquake B. Black Death C. Drought35. _ and his followers, known as Lollards, provided ideological preparation for the labour movement of the 14th century.A. John Wycliffe B. Watt Tyler C. Somerset36. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _ began.A. Tudor B. Lancaster C. Plantagenet37. In the “_” of 1388 five lords accused the Kings friends of treason under a very expansive definition of crime.A. All Estates parliament B. Merciless ParliamentC. Model Parliament38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _ rose.A. white B. red C. pink D. yellow39. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from _ to _.A. 1600, 1604 B. 1640, 1644 C. 1642, 164640. William Shakespeare is mainly a _.A. novelist B. dramatist C. poet41. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _ began in England.A. The Constitutional Monarchy B. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster42. The _ carried on trade relations with Russia and central Asian countries.A. Moscow Company B. Eastland CompanyC. East India Company43. _ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century.A. John Hawkins B. Francis Drake C. Diaz44. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_”, according to which Henry VIII was declared the head of the English Church.A. the Bill of Rights B. Act of Supremacy C. Act of Settlement45. Under Elizabeth I _ was restored, and she was declared “governor” of the church.A. the Roman Church B. the Catholic ChurchC. the Anglican Church46. In 1337 the hostility between England and _ resulted in the Hundred Years War.A. France B. Spain C. Russia47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of _.A. Cromwell B. Charles I C. Henry VIII48. England first became a sea power in the time of _.A. Henry VII B. Elizabeth I C. Victoria49. The Industrial Revolution first started in _.A. the iron industry B. the textile industry C. the coal industry50. From 1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly controlled by the party of _.A. Tory B. Whig C. Labour51. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _.A. Churchill B. Chamberlain C. Baldwin52. At the End of _ century, the East India Company was formed.A. 15th B. 16th C. 14th53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _ to _.A. 1756, 1763 B. 1713, 1720 C. 1754, 176154. In 1689 Parliament passed “_”, limiting the powers of the crown.A. Habeas Corpus Act B. the Bill of RightsC. Navigation Act55. _ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive.A. George Stephenson B. Samuel CromptonC. James Hargreaves56. The “Peterloo Massacre” took place in _.A. Birmingham B. Liverpool C. Manchester57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place the following strikes except _.A. railway strike B. strike of the postmenC. coal strike D. strike of the transport58. The Victorian Age was over the _ began.A. Edwardian Age B. Georgian Age C. Elizabethan Age59. The _ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. Indian B. Qing C. Irish D. Spanish60. The Great Charter was essentially a _.A. Culture Movement B. colonial documentC. feudal document61. _ broke out two years after the Hundred Years War with France.A. The Bore War B. The Wars of the RosesC. Queen Annes War62. The Reformation was a product of _.A. the Renaissance B. the Chartist MovementC. the Hundred Years War63. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _.A. Shakespeare B. Milton C. Chaucer D. Bacon64. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the _ period of capitalism.A. feudal B. modern C. colonial D. medieval65. By the _ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory Act B. Treaty of Paris C. Treaty of Montgomery66. The Chartist Movement began in _ and reached its height in _.A. 1845, 1858 B. 1828, 1835 C. 1839, 184867. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _.A. France B. India C. China D. America68. _ formed a coalition government in 1940.A. Winston Churchill B. Lloyd George C. Neville Chamberlain69. By the _ the British dominions became independent states in all but name.A. Statue of Westminster B. Locarno TreatyC. Disputes Act70. The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including intellectuals such as _.A. William Shakespeare & Ben JonsonB. Christopher Marlowe & John MiltonC. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells71. Before WWII _ relied on appeasement of the European dictators to reduce tensions that might lead to war.A. Neville Chamberlain A. Stanley BaldwinC. Winston Churchill72. During WWII, Britain, America, France, Soviet Union and other antifascist countries formed a united international alliance which was called _.A. Locarno Treaty B. Grand Alliance C. Statute of Westminster73. The first coalition government during WWI was organized when _ was the Prime Minister.A. Lloyd George B. Herbert Asquith C. Stanley Baldwin74. When Germany invaded _ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.A. Austria B. Russia C. Belgium D. Poland1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _ settled in Britain.2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and Scots, the _ built Hadrians Wall.3. The real Roman conquest began in _.4. _ _s “Paradise Lost” was published in 1667.5. Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to _ Times.6. _ was considered the first national hero.7. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _ was crowned in Westminster Abbey.8. In history John was nicknamed King of _.9. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _ _.10.