托福写作高端表达.doc

狄邦培训官网：托福写作高端表达（二）托福写作四分和五分的评分标准中都要求idiomaticity，也即是我们常说的习语或惯用语。对于缺乏英语语言背景的中国大陆考生来说，需要积累地道的英语惯用表达，并且学会在正确语境下使用。积累的途径各异，很多老师建议考生通过阅读原版杂志、报刊或小说积累，但还有一个近在眼前的好途径，那就是托福阅读文章。所以该系列旨在帮助想要获得写作高分的考生们利用托福阅读文章及其他的外媒文章积累英语惯用语，学习惯用语的使用。今天要讲的惯用语和account这个单词相关，与不同的介词或动词搭配得到不同的意思，但都是实用且高频使用的惯用语，下面让我们一起来看看吧：account for V.一、account作为动词和介词for搭配，有很多意思，其中一个是“解释、说明”例1 How might this inability to recall early experiences be explained? The sheer passage of time does not account for it; adults have excellent recognition of pictures of people who attended high school with them 35 years earlier. 中文翻译：人们无法回忆起幼年事情的现象该如何解释呢？恐怕时间的流逝无法阐述清楚，成年人对35年前的高中同学照片仍可进行清楚地辨认。出自TPO 16 Infantile Amnesia 例2 Some hypotheses fail to account for simultaneous extinctions on land and in the seas.中文翻译：有些假说未能解释在陆地和海洋同时发生的物种灭绝。出自 TPO 15 Mass Extinctions例3 Of the various hypotheses attempting to account for the late Cretaceous extinctions, the one that has attracted the most attention in recent years is the asteroid-impact hypothesis first suggested by Luis and Walter Alvarez.Mass Extinctions中文翻译：各种假说都试图对白垩纪时期后期物种灭绝做出解释，近年来Luis 和 Walter Alvarez最先提出的小行星撞击假说备受人们关注。出自 TPO 15 Mass Extinctions例4 This process of settling in as a community over several generations, combinedwith local recruitment, presumably accounts for the apparent stability of the British northern frontier in the later Roman period. 中文翻译：这种像群落一样的定居过程持续了好几代，再结合当地的士兵招募大概就是罗马帝国后期英国北部边境比较稳定的原因。出自 TPO 19 The Roman Armys Impact on Britain例5 Climatic changes at the end of the glacial period 13,000 years ago have been proposed to account for the emergence of farming. 中文翻译：有人提出冰河时代末期，也就是13000年前的气候变化是农业起源的原因。 出自 TPO21 The Origins of Agriculture例6 Most of the worlds potable water-freshwater suitable for drinking-is accounted for by groundwater, which is stored in the pores and fractures in rocks.中文翻译：世界上绝大部分饮用水-可以饮用的淡水-都是地下水，它们储藏在岩石孔隙和裂缝中。 出自 TPO28 Groundwater二、account for 的另一个意思是“在数量上、比例上占.”。例1 In Sweden exports accounted for 18 percent of the national income in 1870, and in 1913, 22 percent of a much larger national income.中文翻译：1870年瑞典的出口额占国民收入的18%；在1912年更是达到国民收入的22%。例2 It exported 80 percent of its butter, almost all to Great Britain, where it accounted for 40 percent of British butter imports.中文翻译：其中，丹麦出口了将近80%的黄油，这些几乎都销往了英国，占了英国黄油进口总量的40%。出自 TPO 18 Industrialization in the Netherlands and Scandinavia例3 Production of British cotton goods increased sixtyfold, and cotton cloth became Great Britains most important product, accounting for one-half of all exports.中文翻译：英国棉纺产品的生产量增加了60倍，而棉布则成了英国最重要的产品，占出口总额的一半。出自 TPO26 Energy and the Industrial Revolution三、account作名词与动词take以及介词into搭配，意为“考虑到，把纳入考虑” 。例1 To be sure, their evaluation of the technical flaws in 1920s sound experiments was not so far off the mark, yet they neglected to take into account important new forces in the motion picture field that, in a sense, would not take no for an answer. 中文翻译：不可否认他们对1920年代声音试验的技术缺陷的评价（与真实情况）相去不远，但是他们忽视了（考虑）电影领域的新生力量，这些新力量决不接受“不”这个回答。 出自TPO12 Transition to Sound in Film例2 Other species take into account the changing conditions of light by performing their visual displays only when the light is favorable. 中文翻译：其他的物种则只有在光照对它们有利的时候才会考虑利用光照，来进行视觉上的自我展现。出自TPO17 Animal Signals in the Rain Forest四、take account of 也有 “考虑到” 之意, 但更偏向于 “顾及,照顾” 的意思。 In 1929 the United States motion picture industry released more than 300 sound filmsa rough figure, since a number were silent films with music tracks, or films prepared in dual versions, to take account of the many