初中词性转换汇总答案.doc

词性转换汇总题解：1、She was able to solve the difficult problem. ability (n.) 才能；能力【常用搭配】have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事eg. Timmy has the ability to do push-up with only one hand.Timmy能够单手做俯卧撑。able (adj.) 能够的【常用搭配】be able to do sth. 能够做某事Timmy is able to do push-up with only one hand.*注意：be able to 中的be动词应根据实际情况变化时态，如果是过去能够做的某件事，be应该改为was/were, 如果是将来则应改为will be。She was able to solve the difficult problem. 2、We should take an active part in outdoor activities.* act这个词能够引申出许多其他词性的单词，同学们要给外注意，并且此单词属于高频词汇，许多的考试中都会出现。act (v.) 行动；扮演: Dont act like a child. 不要表现得像个小孩。act (n.) 行动，行为: We must support the kind act. 我们必须支持这个善意的举动。actor (n.) 男演员 actress (n.) 女演员 activity (n.) 活动active (adj.) 积极的: He is an active member. 他是一个积极的成员。actively (adv.) 积极地: He took part in the activity actively. 他积极地参与了这个活动。3、He rushed into the classroom angrily with tears on his face.Tipanger (n.) 愤怒angry (adj.) 生气的angrily (adv.)生气地此句中的angrily用来修饰动词rush，描述当时冲进教室时的状态，作状语。*大部分同学对于angry这个单词十分熟悉，但并不了解它的另外两个词性，尤其是副词形式angrily还是不规则变化，要格外注意。anger-angry hunger-hungry，这两组单词在词性转换拼写时有相似性，可以一同记忆。4、Please apologize to me for your carelessness.apology (n.) 道歉【常用搭配】make an apology to sb. for sth. 因为某事像某人道歉Please make an apology to me for your carelessness.apologize (v.)道歉【常用搭配】 apologize to sb. for sth. =make an apology to sb. for sth. 因为某事像某人道歉*关于apology和apologize的题目并不难，但单词拼写成了同学们的难题。5、An art exhibition of Hilton Miller, a well-known artist in America, will be held in Shanghai museum next monthart (n.)艺术artist (n.)艺术家*此题间接考察了同学们是否熟练掌握了职业的几种后缀以ist结尾的职业单词常见的有：artist、scientist、typist、violinist、physicist、chemist、dentist、journalist、receptionist6、The 2010 Shanghai Expo has attracted millions of people from all parts of the world.attraction (n.) 吸引力【常用搭配】tourist attraction 旅游胜地Venice is one of the great tourist attractions of the world.attract (v.) 吸引attractive (adj.)有吸引力的Ice cream is attractive to children.*此题将名词改为动词后，需注意观察时态，由于是现在完成时have/has done sth， 故需将attract改为其过去分词形式attracted。7、At the beginning of the lecture, Id like to thank you for your presence.begin (v.) 开始注意此动词的过去式及过去分词：begin-began-begunbeginning (n.) 开始注意单词拼写为双写末尾n8、 The movie was so boring that most people fell asleep.Tipsbored (adj.) 感到无聊的 I was bored with the book.boring (adj.) 令人无聊的 The book was boring to me.bore (v. )使人无聊 The book bored me.boredom (n.) 无聊；厌倦 I read the book with boredom注意boring 与bored的用法区别，类似的有：surprising/surprised; interesting/interested; exciting/ excited; shocking/ shocked; amazing/ amazed; worrying/ worried等9、Its hard for us to breathe at the top the mountain. Tipsbreath (n.) 呼吸 brebreathe (v.) 呼吸 bri:breathless (adj.) 气喘吁吁的 brelis掌握breath与breathe的关键一是要注意单词的拼写，二是要掌握它们的发音。10、They are busy preparing for the college entrance examination. Tipsbusiness (n.) 生意；事物 Its none of your business. 这个不关你事。busy (adj.) 忙碌的【常用搭配】be busy with sth. / be busy doing sht.They are busy with the college entrance examination.busily （adv.）忙碌地businessman 商人 businesswoman 女商人11、 They are doing a chemical experiment. Tpschemistry (n.) 化学 chemical (adj.)化学的；与化学有关的12、We enjoy the comfortable weather in Hainan. Tipscomfort (n.) 舒适comfort (v.) 还能作为动词，表示“安慰”例：We are trying to comfort her. 我们努力在安慰她。comfortable (adj.) 舒适的 uncomfortable (adj.) 不舒适的 comfortably (adv.) 舒适地13、 You have no reason for complaint. 你没有理由抱怨。 Tipscomplain (vi.) 抱怨 complaint (n.) 抱怨【常用搭配】complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事The customers complained to the shopkeeper about its poor service.顾客向店家抱怨他们劣质的服务。14、I dont have confidence in myself. Tipsconfident (adj.)自信的【常用搭配】be confident in confidence (n.)自信心【常用搭配】have confidence in 15、Beethoven is such a creative musician that he composed （创作）many great masterpieces（杰作）Tipscreate (v.) 创作 creative (adj.)富有创造力的; creation (n.) 创作；作品16、“We must try our best to save people in danger”, Premier Wen said. Tipsdanger (n.) 危险 dangerous (adj.)危险的be in danger 处于危险中 She was in danger. =She was dangerous.17、Her parents have been dead for almost 5 years, leaving him alone in the world.Tipsdie (v.)死亡 The great man died in 1985.dead (adj.) 去世的 The girl cried when she saw her dead dog.dying (adj.) 垂死的 The girl cried when she saw her dying dog.death (n.) 死亡 The girl cried over her dogs death.注：这一系列词性的转换是初中的重点，各位同学务必掌握。题干句意为她的父母已过世5年，不能用died，因为die为瞬间动词，不可延续，而形容词dead表示状态，可延续。18、Whats the departure time for the Flight 213A?Tipsdepart (v.) 离开 Ill depart New York for Seattle tomorrow.departure (n.)离开 departure time 出发时间；起飞时间【反】arrive (v.) 到达 arrival (n.) arrival time 到达时间19、Science and Technology is a developing industry in China.Tipsdevelop (v.) 发展To get a high mark in an English test, listening and reading skills should be developed as well.developing (adj.)发展中的; developing countries 发展中国家developed (adj.)发达的; developed countries 发达国家development (n.)发展 Shanghai has seen a great development in recent ten years.20、Can you tell me several differences between them?Tipsdifferent (adj.)不同的difference (adj.)不同点【规律】一般以 “ent”结尾的形容词可改成以 “ence”结尾的名词如：present 出席的presence出席absent缺席的-absence缺席【注】此题改为difference之后，注意是否要做复数的变化，由于题干中有some，difference为可数名词，所以正确答案为differences.21、It is difficult for me to make a speech in front of so many people.Tips注意：因为句子的开头是由it作形式主语（真正的主语是动词不定式），is为表语，所以is后面填写的应该是一个形容词词性的单词。difficulty n. 困难，难度，难事【常用搭配】Without difficulty = smoothly 毫无困难地；一帆风顺地move with difficulty 行动不便difficult adj. 困难的, 难懂的【例句】Things become increasingly difficult.事情变得日益困难。22、We had a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.Tips注意：因为之前的lengthy和 full是形容词，很明显，后面接的应该是一个名词。a lengthy and full discussion 解释为长时间而且充分的讨论。【常用搭配】discuss business with sb 与某人谈生意under discussion 在讨论中beyond discussion 无讨论余地【例句】We may discuss insurance later.我们可以晚些时候解决保险问题。That is a plan under discussion.那是一个正在讨论中的计划。23、He is a dishonest man, and you can not trust him.Tips注意：这道题目要做两个小小的改变，因为man是名词，之前要填一个形容词去修饰这个man，而honesty是个名词，因此要将honesty转化成形容词honest。从后半句中看到，你不能相信他，我们由此可以推断出他是个不诚实的人。所以要将honest诚实加上前缀dis（表否定），将单词转化为dishonest不诚实。【常用搭配】honest a. 诚实的 dishonest a.不诚实的honesty n.诚实 dishonesty n. 不诚实get money by dishonest means 非法赚钱, 得不义之财honest goods真货honest poverty清贫24、Can we use one model to educate all the students? Tips注意：这道题目中model是模式的意思。因为有介词to，所以应该使用的是动词不定式to do，即为to educate. 此句的意思是，我们能用一个模式来教育所有的学生吗？【常用搭配】educate oneself 自学, 自修be educated at in a college 受大学教育; 上大学advanced education 高等教育all-round education 全面教育【词性转变】educated adj. 受过教育的educatee n. 受教育者education n. 教育25、He is an efficient manager, and everyone is impressed by his efficiency. Tips注意：manager是名词，所以要用一个形容词去修饰它，an efficient manager解释为一个效率高的有能力的经理。后半句中，impress解释为给留下深刻的印象，即他的高效率使我们留下了深刻的印象。所以，his的后面应填写一个名词，即efficiency。【常用搭配】efficient methods 经济而有效的方法efficiency-relating wages 绩效工资raise working efficiency 提高工作效率【词性转换】efficiently adv. 有效率地26、There is an electronic products conference next week, and I appoint you to take part in the conference.Tips注意：此题有一定难度。首先，给出的单词是electricity，解释为电。此题是要填写给出单词的形容词。它的形容词有两种形式，分别是 electric和electronic。electric解释为电的。例如：electric current 电流。而electronic则解释为电子的；电子器件的。例如：electronic library 电子图书馆。题目中appoint解释为委任。即，有一场电子产品的会议，我委任你去参加。所以，电子产品的固定讲法是electronic products.【常用搭配】electronic computer 电子计算机electronic device电子器件electronic mail电子邮件static electricity静电; generate electricity发电27、They are assured of an enjoyable and trouble-free holiday.Tips注意: assure of sth是保证某事或者某物的意思，这里的 be assured of 是一个被动的结构。trouble-free是无忧无虑的意思。要填的词和trouble-free都是修饰holiday的，因此，空格中要填的是形容词。enjoyment是名词，应该将其转变成enjoyable（令人愉快的）。此句子的意思是，他们被保证会有一个令人愉快而且无忧的假期。【常用搭配】enjoy a good health 享有健康的身体enjoy swimming 喜欢游泳enjoy ones dinner 津津有味得吃饭give keen enjoyment 给人以极大的享受【常见例句】.enjoyable adj. eg. We all had an enjoyable evening. 我们全都度过了一个愉快的夜晚。enjoyment n. eg. His father has childlike enjoyment. 他的父亲有孩子似的欢乐。enjoy v. eg. Enjoy yourselves! 愿你们玩得愉快!28、She had decided to take part in the final entrance exam.Tips注意: 此题中，有一个固定的说法，期末入学考试即为final entrance exam。【常用搭配】enter the Army 参军enter a profession 就业enter details in a book 把细目记入帐簿enter battle 开始战斗Entrance Free. 免费入场。a service entrance 便门，仆役专用进出口29、The policeman examined the suspicious man.Tips注意: 此题中suspicious man 解释为可疑的男人，因为整句中有主语警察，有宾语可疑男人，很明显缺失的是谓语动词部分，因此要填写的是一个动词，在填写动词的时候，请注意动词的时态，既可以用一般现在时，即examines，也可以是过去式examined . examine the suspicious man 仔细搜查了那个可疑的男人【常用搭配】examine ones conscience 扪心自问examine the accounts 查看账目Examine your thoughts 检视你的想法tax examination 税务查帐【常用例句】Let me examine you please.我给你检查一下。Then came the day of his examination.后来, 他考试的日子到了。30、The kings cruelty excited the people to rise against him.Tips注意: 此题有一定难度。题中的cruelty解释为残忍，rise against him 解释为奋起反抗。那么，空格中所要填写的单词即为一个动词。大家对excite比较熟悉的意思是使兴奋，例如The good news excited us.好消息使我们兴奋了起来。excite做使动的用法。其实，excite还有主动的用法，解释为激起，引发。整句的解释为那个国王的残酷激起了人民起来反对他。【常用搭配】excite the surprise of sb. 引起某人的惊奇excite a nerve 刺激神经Excitement and Enthusiasm 兴奋与热情【常用例句】Do not excite, keep calm. 不要激动，保持镇定。The excitement died down. 激动的情绪已经平息了。31、Please give me a clear explanation on where to begin and how to do it.Tips注意: 因为有give sb sth的结构，此处是用clear 这个形