anyother的用法.docx

any other的用法，是指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或事物，any other后跟单数名词，也可以说any of the other+复数名词。如： （5）Tom runs faster than any other student(或any of the other students)in his class. 汤姆比他班上的任何人都跑得快。 （6）Shanghai is langer than other city in China. 上海比中国的任何一个城市都大。 【注】但比和被比的人或物不在同一范围或不属同一类别，就不用other。如： （7）Shanghai is larger than any city in India. 上海比印度的任何城市都大。 （8）Painting leaves more impression on people than any form of literature. 绘画给人们的印象比任何文学形式都要深。Neither 两者都不forget to do sth忘记去做某事、尚未去做。forget doing sth忘记做过某事、已做的事。try to do 尽力去做某事 ,努力想达到目的try doing 尝试,试着做某事 ,只是试着去做，没有说十分想成功,作到的意思.试比较:He tried to climb that tree.他努力想爬上那棵树.He tried climbing that tree.他试着爬那棵树.Learn to do 没学会，去学Learn doing 学会了arther指距离上的更远点儿 further指程度更深点儿 ill;sick ill 和sick都有生病的；有病的之意，但用法并不完全相同。ill 表示生病的；有病的这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语；而sick 既可以作表语又可以作定语，如病人可以说a sick man 或the sick, 但不能说an ill man 或the ill。又如：She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。She is looking after her sick father .她在照顾她生病的父亲。sick 有恶心的；厌倦的之意。如：The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。ill 作定语修饰名词时是坏的；邪恶的之意。如：He is an ill man. 他是一个邪恶的人。否定句中用except，肯定句式可以用except for来替换 This article has no blunders except a few mistakes.这篇文章除了一点小错外没有大错。 此句可改为：This article is instructive except for a few blunders. 这篇文章除了有些错误外，是有教育意义的。 不过，在前后有相称的同类词语时，应用except，否则用except for。如： We come to school every day except Sunday. 除星期天外，我们天天上学。（句中every day与Sunday同类） This dress is ready except for the buttons. 衣服做好了，只是钮扣未缝上。（句中ready与buttons不同类）besides 是包括的，这个是他们的不同。比如 besides Jim, his classmates are all sixteen years old.这里Jim就也是16岁，而第一句里的就不包括except for是说，除了这个，其他的还有什么，不再包括说了的。比如，his classmates are all sixteen years old except Jim.这里是不包括Jim的。my 是形容词性物主代词，表示“我的.”后面必须接名词或者名词短语。mine 是名词性物主代词，表示“我的”。后面不再接名词或者名词短语。I 是第一人称代词的主格形式，用作主语。me是宾格，用在行为动词（do类）或者联系动词（be）的后面1.good指人的品行好，或事物的质地好，也常用来向别人问好。 Miss Gao is a good teacher. (人好) Your picture is very good. (物好) Good morng. (问好) 2、nice 指人或物的外观、相貌好，“美好的”、“美妙的”、“漂亮的”。 Lucy looks nice. (人的相貌好) The flowers are very nice. (物的外观好) Nice to meet you. 3、well 做形容词时，指人的身体好，健康好 - How is your father? - Hes very well. well 常做副词，修饰动词用。 He speaks English well.七、主动语态变被动语态的方法1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的谓语。3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的by短语。（ by短语可以省。 by短语后跟代词的宾格。）主变被解题步骤1. 找宾语 -即动作的承受者2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即be动词的单复数.3. 判断动词的时态 -即be动词的时态.4. 修改谓语的形式 -即原句动词改为过去分词5. 修改原句的主语 -即by+ 宾语（原主语）.They make shoes in that factory.Shoes are made by them. （主变宾,宾变主, 谓动be done 时不变,人称、数、格随着变）八、主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题.（1）时态保持一致。I have repaired my computer.-My computer has been repaired.（2）如果要说出动作的执行者，并且这个执行者可以作主动语态中主语时，就用by短语，如果后面的词表示地点，不是动作的执行者，就用in短语。It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan.(3)主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动句by的宾语时要用其宾格形式。He cleaned the car. The car was cleaned by him.(4)否定句的被动语态中，not放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。You should not blame me. I should not be blamed by you.(5)疑问句的被动语态，用be动词的对应形式代替doDoes she drive this car? Is this car driven by her?(6)祈使句的被动语态形式为Let +宾语（承受词）+be+动词过去分词Open the door please. Let the door be opened please.(7)主动语态中有反身代词，变被动语态形式为“主动语态主语+be+动词过去分词”Tom hurt himself. Tom was hurt.(8)主语时no one ,nobody,变为被动语态时，句子结构变为否定式，by短语变为 by anyone或by anybodyNo one can solve the problem. The problem cant be solved by anyone.（9）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。His best friend often looks after him. -He is often looked after by his best friend.(10)主动句中有一些动词如buy,send,give,show,offer,tell,lend,teach等，带有双宾语，一个是直接宾语（指物），另一个是间接宾语（指人），主动语态变为被动语态时，可以把间接宾语变成主语，保留直接宾语，也可以把直接宾语变为主语，保留间接宾语，但此时一般在间接宾语前加一个介词。My father gave me a book.(1)I was given a book by my father. (2) A book was given to me by my father.She showed me some photos.(1)I was shown some photos by her. (2) Some photos were shown to me by her.注意：有些双宾语动词，如do,pass,sell,send,sing，bring,write等，变为被动语态时，通常以直接宾语作主语，保留间接宾语，其前面根据情况用介词to或forShe wrote me a letter. A letter was written to me by her. 有些双宾语动词如answer,save,envy(羡慕)等，通常以间接宾语作被动语态主语，保留直接宾语。He answered me that question. I was answered that question by him.（11）主动语态若有复合宾语，（即句子结构为主语谓语宾语宾补），将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补不变。 They call him Louis. -He is called Louis.Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.（12）主动语态句中使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语为不带to的不定式，但变为被动语态时要加上to，这类的动词有make, have, let, notice， see， watch, look at, hear, listen to, feel help等。 Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes. He was made to wash the dishes. I saw a boy cross the street . A boy was seen to cross the street.（13）非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。例I dont like being laughed at in the public.（14）It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有：It is said that 据说,It is re