一般过去时,过去进行时和过去完成时.doc

一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时语法专题突破品味语法1I got up early，washed my face，had a quick breakfast and hurried to school.2He was watching TV at home from 300 to 500 yesterday afternoon.3He had just finished sweeping the classroom when the teacher returned from the office自我探究这三句都使用了过去的时态。第1句是一般过去时，表示“发生在过去的”动作；第2句是过去进行时，表示“在过去某一时刻或某段时间正在发生的动作”；第3句是过去完成时，表示在“过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作”。讲解归纳一、一般过去时1表示在确定的过去时间内发生的动作或状态。Did you watch the football match broadcast on TV yesterday evening？你昨晚观看电视转播的足球赛了吗？ 2表示过去经常发生的动作或习惯性动作。I always got up too late，and never had enough time for breakfast. 我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。【温馨提示】这种情况也可用 used to 和 would 表示。3描述几个相继发生的过去动作。The students got up early in the morning，did morning exercises and then read English aloud in the open air.学生们起床很早，做早操，然后在室外朗读英语。4有时动词的一般过去时形式上为过去，而实际上却指现在，即“原来想的”与现在的实际情况不相符。I thought you were out.我原以为你出去了。I didnt know you were here.我不知道你在这里。5since 从句一般用过去时。She has been living a hard life since her husband died.自从丈夫死后，她一直过着艰苦的生活。二、过去进行时1表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。This time yesterday we were having an English lesson.昨天这个时候，我们正在上英语课。2表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作。Shirley was reading a book last night but I dont know whether she has finished it.雪莉昨晚一直在看一本书，不过我不知道她现在看没看完。3表示从过去某一时间的角度看将要发生的动作，仅用于 come，go，start，leave，stay，arrive 等动词。 He told me he was leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.他告诉我他明天将要去上海。4表示礼貌，并不表示过去的时间，而表达现在的客气或礼貌。I was wondering if you could help me look up the word “erg”不知你能否帮我查一下 “erg” 这个单词。 三、过去完成时1表示在过去某一具体时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，常用 by，before 等介词短语或状语从句表示。 I had learned maths all by myself by the age of fourteen.我14岁时就已自学完了数学。2表示过去某一时间以前的经历，常与 for，since 引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。John and Jane had known each other for a long time before their marriage. 约翰和简在结婚前就认识很长时间了。四、一般过去时与过去进行时的区别一般过去时侧重说明发生某动作的事实，表示动作已完成；过去进行时侧重强调某动作的持续过程或动作持续的长度，表示动作未完成。I sometimes walked to the office to avoid the heavy traffic.为避开交通拥堵，我过去有时步行去上班。He was working from 4 oclock until supper time.他从4点一直工作到晚饭时间。语法专练.用动词的适当时态填空1Your phone number again？I_(not catch)it. Its 69568122.2The students _(write) busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _(leave) in the office.3As she _ (read) the newspaper，Granny _ (fall) asleep.4He kept looking at her，wondering whether he_(see)her somewhere5Professor Liu in our school has become one of the top experts in this field.Yes，I know him very well.He once _(work) in Africa with wild animals.6How did you damage your car so badly?I _(run) into a tree yesterday.I suppose you _(drive) too fast.答案：1.didnt catch2.were writing；had left3.was reading；fell4.had seen5.worked6.ran；were driving .单项填空1You speak very good French!Thanks.I _French in Sichuan University for four years.AstudiedBstudyCwas studying Dhad studied解析：选A。考查时态。句中我在四川大学学过4年法语是指过去发生过的事情，所以谓语动词用过去式，该题由于有for four years 造成一部分学生作出错误的选择，而选择D项2Edward，you play so well.But I _you played the piano.Adidnt know Bhadnt knownCdont know Dhavent known解析：选A。句意为：爱德华，你弹得好。但我(以前)不知道你弹钢琴。所谈论的是过去的行为，故用过去式。3We got to the station at 800，but the train_at 730.Aleft Bhad leftCwas leaving Dhas left解析：选A。有具体的过去时间at 730，应用一般过去时态。4(2011年南通第一中学质检)John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather _ with them to school.Atook Bhad takenCwere taking Dwould take解析：选B。题干中的suitcase 是指“约翰的父亲和祖父”曾经带去上学的箱子，由此可知此处需用过去完成时。5Hi，if you cant enjoy that at a sensible volume，please use the earphone.Im sleeping.Im sorry.I _ realize it _ you.Adont；bothers Bdidnt；botheringCdont；was bothering Ddidnt；was bothering解析：选D。表示过去一直打扰着别人，故选D项。6I dont believe youve already finished reading the bookI _ it to you this morning!Awould lend Bwas lendingChad lent Dlent解析：选D。句意：不相信你已经读完了那本书今天早晨我才借给你的。根据句中明确的时间状语 this morning 判断用一般过去时。7The telephone _，but by the time I got indoors，it stopped.Ahad rung Bwas ringingCrings Dhas rung解析：选B。句意：电话一直在响，但是我进去以后，它却停了。表示我进入房间之前的时间里电话一直在响，所以用过去进行时。8Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?Yes，I did.You know，my brother _ in the match.Ais playing Bwas playingChas played Dhad played解析：选B。句意：你看昨天那场篮球赛了吗？是的，看了。你知道的，我弟弟也参加了比赛。比赛中“我弟弟在打篮球”是过去某一时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。9We first met on a train in 2000.We both felt immediately that we _ each other for years.Aknew Bhave knownChad known Dknow解析：选C。句意：2000年在火车上我们初次见面。那一刻我们都感到彼此已认识多年。根据句意，从句动作 know 发生谓语动作在之前，故用过去完成时。10(2011年安徽安庆一中高二测试)Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday? Yes，he did.He _ his old friends for a long time.Adidnt see Bwouldnt seeChasnt seen Dhadnt seen解析：选D。句意：艾伦昨天和老朋友们玩得高兴吗？是的，很高兴。他已经很久没有见到他的老朋友了。由时间状语 for a long time 知应用完成时，而“很久没有见到朋友”又是昨天之前的事，故用过去完成时。 高考真题：1.【2012重庆卷】22.-kevin,you look worried. Anything wrong? -Well, I_ a test and Im waiting for the result. A. will take B. took C. had taken D. take22.【考点】动词的时态【答案】B【解析】根据答语的后半句可知，现在Kevin正在等待测试的成绩，参加测试为一个过去的动作，应该使用一般过去时态。因此，正确答案为B选项。【难度】一般【知识拓展】一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，也可表示过去某段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。其标志性状语常为in the past, yesterday, just now, the day before yesterday, last week, in 2000, two weeks ago等。2.【2012辽宁卷】33. Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he something instead of just talking. A. will do B. has done C. do D. did 答案：D 考点：动词时态 解析：在句型“ Its high/very time that.”中， 从句中国的谓语动词用did或should do.3. 【2012四川卷】9.Did you catch what I said?Sorry. I _ a text message just now.A. had answering B. have answered C. would answer D. was answering【答案与解析】 D 本题考查动词时态。句意为：“你听懂我所说的了吗？”“对不起。我刚刚在回短信。”根据句意及时间状语just now可知，回短信的动作正好是发生在问话人说话的那一时间点，即表示过去某一时间点正在发生的动作，故选过去进行时态D。4.【2012北京卷】30. Our friendship _ quickly over the weeks that followed.A. had developed B. was developi