用-c-语言进行数字图像处理.doc

用 c 语言进行数字图像处理 其实，数字图像处理有几步呢？一共三步。第一步，读入图片。第二步，处理图片。第三步，保存图片 。 而第二步主要涉及的是处理图像的算法，所以，我在这里就不多说了。而第一步和第三步是为第二步做 位图文件结构的声明：BMP.h #ifndef BMP_H_INCLUDED #define BMP_H_INCLUDED typedef unsigned short WORD; typedef unsigned long DWORD; typedef long LONG; typedef unsigned char BYTE; typedef struct tagBITMAPFILEHEADER / bmfh WORD bfType; DWORD bfSize; WORD bfReserved1; WORD bfReserved2; DWORD bfOffBits; BITMAPFILEHEADER; typedef struct tagBITMAPINFOHEADER / bmih DWORD biSize; LONG biWidth; LONG biHeight; WORD biPlanes; WORD biBitCount; DWORD biCompression; DWORD biSizeImage; LONG biXPelsPerMeter; LONG biYPelsPerMeter; DWORD biClrUsed; DWORD biClrImportant; BITMAPINFOHEADER; typedef struct tagRGBQUAD / rgbq BYTE rgbBlue; BYTE rgbGreen; BYTE rgbRed; BYTE rgbReserved; RGBQUAD; typedef struct tagBITMAPINFO BITMAPINFOHEADER bmiHeader; RGBQUAD bmiColors1; BITMAPINFO; #endif / BMP_H_INCLUDED 主程序：main.c #include #include #include #include #include #include #include BMP.h BITMAPFILEHEADER bmfh; BITMAPINFOHEADER bmih; BYTE *imgData; bool bReadBMFH=false; bool bReadBMIH=false; bool bReadPixel=false; /检查路径是否合法：文件能打开；以 bmp 为后缀名 int CheckFilePath(char *filepath); /读入位图的文件头 int ReadFileHeader(char *filepath,BITMAPFILEHEADER *bmfh); /打印位图的文件头 void PrintFileHeader(BITMAPFILEHEADER *bmfh); /读入位图的信息头 int ReadInfoHeader(char *filepath,BITMAPINFOHEADER *bmih); /打印位图的信息头 void PrintInfoHeader(BITMAPINFOHEADER *bmih); /创建 8 位位图的调色板 int CreatePalette(RGBQUAD pal); /读入位图的像素数据 int ReadPixelData(char *filepath,BYTE *imgData); /计算每行像素所占的字节数 LONG GetLineBytes(int imgWidth,int bitCount); /打印位图的像素数据 void PrintPixelData(BYTE *imgData,int width,int height,int bitCount); /打印菜单选项 void PrintMenu(); /另存为位图 int SaveAsImage(char *filepath); /显示位图 void ShowImage(char * filepath); /保存文件头 int SaveFileHeader(FILE* fp); /保存信息头 int SaveInfoHeader(FILE* fp); /保存调色板 int SaveColorPalette(FILE *fp); /保存像素数据 int SavePixelData(FILE* fp); int main() char filepath256; char saveasfilepath256; int i; int width; int height; int bitCount; DWORD dwLineBytes; int select; int q=0; system(echo off); system(color 2); printf(-TIMimage-n); printf(Input the path of the BMP file:n); gets(filepath); i=CheckFilePath(filepath); if(i=-1) return -1; do PrintMenu(); scanf(%u,&select); switch(select) case 0: printf(Input the path of the BMP file:n); scanf(%s,filepath); CheckFilePath(filepath); break; case 1: i=ReadFileHeader(filepath,&bmfh); if(i!=-1) printf(Read the file header successfully.n); bReadBMFH=true; break; else printf(Read the file header failed.n); bReadBMFH=false; q=1; break; case 2: i=ReadInfoHeader(filepath,&bmih); if(i!=-1) printf(Read the info header successfully.n); bReadBMIH=true; break; else printf(Read the info header failed.n); bReadBMIH=false; q=1; break; case 3: if(!bReadBMIH) printf(Please read the info header at first.n); break; height=bmih.biHeight; width=bmih.biWidth; bitCount=bmih.biBitCount; dwLineBytes=GetLineBytes(width,bitCount); imgData=(BYTE*)malloc(dwLineBytes*height*sizeof(BYTE); if(!imgData) printf(Can not allocate memory for the image.n); q=1; break; i=ReadPixelData(filepath,imgData); if(i=-1) printf(Read the pixel data failed.n); bReadPixel=false; q=1; break; else printf(Read the pixel data successfully.n); bReadPixel=true; break; case 4: if(bReadBMFH) PrintFileHeader(&bmfh); break; else printf(Please read the file header at first.n); break; case 5: if(bReadBMIH) PrintInfoHeader(&bmih); break; else printf(Please read the info header at first.n); break; case 6: if(bReadPixel) PrintPixelData(imgData,width,height,bitCount); break; else printf(Please read the pixel data at first.n); break; case 7: ShowImage(filepath); break; case 8: printf(Input the path(ex. d:/poon.bmp) you want to save:n); scanf(%s,saveasfilepath); i=SaveAsImage(saveasfilepath); if(i=-1) printf(Error: failed to save the image.n); break; break; default: q=1; break; select=9527; while (q=0); return 0; int ReadFileHeader(char *filepath,BITMAPFILEHEADER *bmfh) FILE *fp; fp=fopen(filepath,rb); if(!fp) printf(Can not open the file:%sn,filepath); return -1; if(fread(&bmfh-bfType,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read bfType in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmfh-bfSize,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read bfSize in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmfh-bfReserved1,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read bfReserved1 in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmfh-bfReserved2,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read bfReserved2 in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmfh-bfOffBits,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read bfOffBits in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; fclose(fp); return 0; int ReadInfoHeader(char *filepath,BITMAPINFOHEADER *bmih) FILE *fp; fp=fopen(filepath,rb); if(!fp) printf(Can not open the file:%sn,filepath); return -1; fseek(fp,14,SEEK_SET); if(fread(&bmih-biSize,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biSize in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biWidth,sizeof(LONG),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biWidth in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biHeight,sizeof(LONG),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biHeight in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biPlanes,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biPlanes in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biBitCount,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biBitCount in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biCompression,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biCompression in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biSizeImage,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biSizeImage in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biXPelsPerMeter,sizeof(LONG),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biXPelsPerMeter in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biYPelsPerMeter,sizeof(LONG),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biYPelsPerMeter in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biClrUsed,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biClrUsed in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fread(&bmih-biClrImportant,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not read biClrImportant in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; fclose(fp); return 0; int CreatePalette(RGBQUAD pal) int i; if(sizeof(pal)/sizeof(RGBQUAD)!=256) printf(The size of the palette must be 256.n); return -1; for(i=0;ibfOffBits); printf(bfReserved1: %ldn,bmfh-bfReserved1); printf(bfReserved2: %ldn,bmfh-bfReserved2); printf(bfSize: %ldn,bmfh-bfSize); printf(bfType: %ldn,bmfh-bfType); void PrintInfoHeader(BITMAPINFOHEADER *bmih) printf(The content in the info header of the BMP file:n); printf(biBitCount: %ldn,bmih-biBitCount); printf(biClrImportant: %ldn,bmih-biClrImportant); printf(biClrUsed: %ldn,bmih-biClrUsed); printf(biCompression: %ldn,bmih-biCompression); printf(biHeight: %ldn,bmih-biHeight); printf(biPlanes: %ldn,bmih-biPlanes); printf(biSize: %ldn,bmih-biSize); printf(biSizeImage: %ldn,bmih-biSizeImage); printf(biWidth: %ldn,bmih-biWidth); printf(biXPelsPerMeter: %ldn,bmih-biXPelsPerMeter); printf(biYPelsPerMeter: %ldn,bmih-biYPelsPerMeter); LONG GetLineBytes(int imgWidth,int bitCount) return (imgWidth*bitCount+31)/32*4; void PrintPixelData(BYTE *imgData,int width,int height,int bitCount) int i; int j ; int p; DWORD dwLineBytes=GetLineBytes(width,bitCount); if(bitCount=8) for(i=0;iheight;i+) for(j=0;jwidth;j+) p=*(imgData+dwLineBytes*(height-1-i)+j); printf(%d,p); printf(n); else if(bitCount=24) for(i=0;iheight;i+) for(j=0;jwidth*3;j+) printf(); p=*(imgData+dwLineBytes*(height-1-i)+j); printf(%d,p); j+ ; p=*(imgData+dwLineBytes*(height-1-i)+j); printf(%d,p); j+ ; p=*(imgData+dwLineBytes*(height-1-i)+j); printf(%d) ,p); printf(n); else printf(Only supported: 8 or 24 bits.n); int CheckFilePath(char *filepath) FILE *fp; int len=strlen(filepath)/sizeof(char); char ext3; if(filepath0!=int() strncpy(ext,&filepathlen-3,3); if(!(ext0=b & ext1=m & ext2=p) printf(Error: The file is not a BMP file.n); printf(Error: The extention of the filename must be bmp,not BMP n); return -1; fp=fopen(filepath,r); if(!fp) printf(Error: The path is not correct.n); return -1; fclose(fp); else printf(Error: The path must not include blank space.n); return -1; return 0; void PrintMenu() printf( -Choose Your Operation-n); printf( | 0-Input the image path |n); printf( | 1-Read the file header |n); printf( | 2-Read the info header |n); printf( | 3-Read the pixel data |n); printf( | 4-Print the file header |n); printf( | 5-Print the info header |n); printf( | 6-Print the pixel data |n); printf( | 7-View the original image |n); printf( | 8-Save as the image |n); printf( | other-Exit the program |n); printf( -n); int SaveAsImage(char *filepath) FILE *fp; fp=fopen(filepath,wb); if(!fp) printf(Error: can not create the file.n); return -1; SaveFileHeader(fp); SaveInfoHeader(fp); if(bmih.biBitCount=8) SaveColorPalette(fp); SavePixelData(fp); fclose(fp); printf(Save As the image successfully.n); return 0; void ShowImage(char * filepath) char cmd266; strcpy(cmd,start ); strcat(cmd,filepath); printf(%sn,cmd); system(cmd); int SaveFileHeader(FILE *fp) if(!bReadBMFH) printf(Please read the file header at first.n); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmfh.bfType,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write bfType in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmfh.bfSize,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write bfSize in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmfh.bfReserved1,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write bfReserved1 in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmfh.bfReserved2,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write bfReserved2 in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmfh.bfOffBits,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write bfOffBits in the file header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; return 0; int SaveInfoHeader(FILE *fp) if(!bReadBMIH) printf(Please read the info header at first.n); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmih.biSize,sizeof(DWORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write biSize in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmih.biWidth,sizeof(LONG),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write biWidth in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmih.biHeight,sizeof(LONG),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write biHeight in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmih.biPlanes,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=1) printf(Can not write biPlanes in the info header.n); fclose(fp); return -1; if(fwrite(&bmih.biBitCount,sizeof(WORD),1,fp)!=