[高考]高中英语-词汇考点.doc

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高考复习科目：英语 高中英语总复习（三） 复习内容：高中英语语法、词汇复习范围：高中英语语法、词汇试题复习编写时间：2005-4 修订时间：总计第三次 2005-5 第II部分 高中英语词汇试题复习 30 高中英语高考总复习 高三英语总复习词汇试题复习 考点1. engage, be engaged in，take up.engage使从事于，使忙于（常用被动语态）；约束，约定，使订婚；占用（时间等）；雇用.例如：Housework engaged much of her time. 家务占用了她许多时间.Can you engage that all what he said is true? 你能保证他说的都是真话吗？Ill engage to be there on time. 我保证准时到达.be engaged in doing sth 这个短语动词作“从事”讲，其中的engaged是个表语形容词；be engaged to do sth 则是“被任用”的意思，是被动式.例如：He is engaged in writing a book on English usage. 他正在编写一本讲英语用法的书.He is engaged to write a book on English usage 他被约编写一本讲英语用法的书.be engaged to定婚. 例如：John is engaged to Mary. 约翰同玛丽定了婚.engage in参加.例如：They engaged in conversation. 他们参加了谈话.注意：engage含有“占有”的意思； take up也作“占有”解.1. Studying most of a serious students time.A. engages B. takes C. spends D. pays for解：答案为A. 该题题意为“读书占用了认真学习的学生的大部分时间”.Engage含有“占有”的意思； take作“占有”解时后面应加up ;spend, pay off的主语应该是人.考点2. work on ,work at.work at , work on 表示从事于某事情，但work at为一般用语，其深度不如work on.例如：work at math 学习数学；work on math 致力于数研究；work on some wood cuts 创作一些木刻1. Mr Zhao, an English teacher, sat up far into the night, a paper on how to teach beginners of English.A. and worked at B. and worked on C. working at D. working on 解：答案：D. work at为一般用语，其深度不如work on, work at a problem和work on a problem意思不大一样，前者可作学习中的“计算一道题”解，后者可引伸到生活和工作中的“研究或解决一个问题”. work out意为“计算出”.2. You will have to work the weak points in your English if you want to pass the examination. A. out B. at C. for D. on 解：选A. work out解决；work on在上工作；work hard at + subject在科目上努力工作.考点3. morethan.more than +名词，表示超出该名词所指，意思是“不止”“不仅仅是”.例如：We need more than material wealth to build our country.建设我们国家，不仅仅需要物质财富.more than +形容词或动词，表示加重语气，意思是“非常”“很”.例如：I am more happy to help you 能帮助你，我特别高兴.more than +数词，表示超出该数，意思是“多于”“大于”.例如：More than one person has made this suggestion. 不止一人提过这个建议.more than + (that)从句，其基本意义是“超过（=over）”，但可译成“简直不”“远非”.例如：That is more than I can understand . 那非我所能懂的.如果在more than之间插入形容词或副词，这时它就有两种含义：一为普通的比较级的用法；二是用来表示“与其说 倒不如说”的意思，试比较：例如：The concert was more enjoyable than the lecture. 音乐会比讲座更令人愉快.注意这种用法也适用于less.than结构. 例如：He was less hurt than frightened. 与其说他受了伤，不如说他吓坏了.1. Do you think him naughty enough?Im afraid hes than naughty.A. more clever B. clever C. much clever D. much more clever 解：答案：A 在此句中more .than意为“与其说倒不如说”. 2. We advertised for pupils last autumn ,and got 60.A. more than B. more of C. as much as D. so many as解：答案为A. as much as 意为“和.一样多”，往往用来表示程度，不能用来修饰可数名词；so many as 虽然可以修饰可数名词，但用于肯定句中要用as many as .more than后跟名词或数量词，表示“超过，不止是，不仅仅是”，即相当于over.no better than=only 仅仅, not better than=at most 不超过.No more than 仅仅，同一样不His whole school education added up to no more than one year. 他所受的全部学校教育加起来只有一年.例如：I could no more do that than you. 你不能做这事，我也不能做.Not more than 至多，不超过，不必更.例如：There are not more than six people over there .至多有六个人在那里.1. I did not do well in the exam. How about you?I did you. Maybe even worse.A. not better than B. no better than C. as well as D. nit worse than 解：答案为B.由maybe even worse（有可能比你还差）推知，前面的句意应是“我做的不比你好多少”.Not better than不比.好；as well as和.一样好；not worse than不如差；no better than不比.好.2. What a wonder ! Theyve finished 30of the task within one week. A. no more than B. no less than C. not more than D. much less than 解：选B. no more than= only仅有、只有；not more than = at most 至多，不超过；no less than = Just as many as有之多；less than少于.根据题意，只有B项符合题意.3. How is the article you are reading? - It is no more than ordinary one. It is .A. excellent B. terrible C. attractive D. valueless解：选D. 由no more than ordinary one可知，这篇文章很一般，没什么价值，故选D. 考点4. inform.be informed of是固定短语，意为“听说；接到的通知”.1. He going to the front last year.A. was informed of B. was informed C. was informed from D. informed him 解：答案：A .be informed of 是固定短语，意为“听说；接到的通知”.考点5. sell.sell的名词是sale, sale作“售卖，销售”讲是不可数名词.1. He got four pounds from the of his drawing.A. sale B. sold C. selling D. sales 解：答案为A .该句话的意思是“他卖画得了四英镑”.sell的名词是sale, sale作“售卖，销售”讲是不可数名词.考点6. see notice observe watch, look at.look (at) 意味着集中注意力地看，是有意的，强调动作.例如：The old lady was looking at him from head to foot 这位老夫人从头到脚地看着他.see强调结果，意为“看见、看到”. 例如：I looked but saw nothing. 我看了，但什么也没看见.watch表示所看事物的变化、移动和发展. 例如：We watched that boy swim. 我们观看那个男孩游泳.注意i. look at和watch的区别在于：look at 注意的是它后面的宾语，watch注意的是它后面宾语的举动. 例如：I am looking at the boy. 我在注视这孩子.I am watching the boy. 我在注视这孩子的举动.ii. look at, see, watch都可跟不带to的动词不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语.例如：We looked at the children walk up the hill. 我们望着孩子们上了山.（强调动作的全过程） We looked at the children walking up the hill. 我们望着孩子们在上山.（强调动作在进行之中）see表“看见、看到”时，一般不用进行时态.see还作“看望；送行”讲，这时可用进行时. 例如：Im seeing him tomorrow . 我明天去看他. Were going to see him home tomorrow. 我们打算明天送他回家.注意根据习惯选用see和watch.看电视用watch，看电影用see .如：Did you watch TV last night?昨晚你看电视了吗？Have you seen the film? 你看过这部电影吗？notice“看到，注意到，觉察到”；偶而看到细小的但可能是重要的事情.例如：Did you notice anything unusual?你觉察出有任何异样的情况吗？observe“观察”；从不同的角度长时间地看并研究.例如：observe the behave-iour of birds 观察鸟的习性/ observe stars all ones life一生致力于观察星象.1. Several possible buyers have come to the house.A. look B. observe C. view D. watch 解：答案为C.该题意思是“几个可能是买主的人来看过房子”.observe, watch含有“观察”的意思，look是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语.2. They the train until it disappeared in the distance.A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. observed解：答案选B. 这句话的意思为“他们注视着火车直到它消失在远方”.； saw意思是“看见”noticed“注意到”； observed “注意到，观察”，都强调结果，只有watched “观察”强调动作的延续.scene, sight，view，look.sight表示“风景名胜、视力，视野”；scene则表示一个地区的自然景色或人为的环境；view多指从高处向下或向远处所看到的景色；look则强调“神色、外表”.1. One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high rise is that you can get a good . A. sight B. scene C. view D. look 解：答案选 C. 本句意思为“住在高层建筑的顶层的优势之一就是能看到好的景色.”考点7. disturb ,damage, destroy.disturb意为“搅乱、扰乱”平静、秩序(break the quiet, calm peace or order ofetc.)等；interrupt意为“使中断、阻断”、“插嘴”(break in upon a person/action/speech etc.)1. The cries of help the peace of night.A. damaged B. destroyed C. interrupted D. disturbed 解：答案为D. 该题题意为“救命的喊叫声打破了夜晚的宁静”.2. The cries for help the peace of night. A. damaged B. destroyed C. interrupted D. disturbed 解：选D. 考查动词的含义.damage“破坏”；destroy“摧毁”；interrupt“打断（谈话等）”；disturb“扰乱”（多与peace ，quietness plan 等词搭配使用）. 考点8. way，means，views，directions.means“方法”；directions“方向”；views“观点”；ways“方面”.1. There are usually at least two of looking at every question.A. means B. directions C. views D. ways 解：答案选D. 题于意思是“看问题至少从两个方面”.比较四个词的词义：means“方法”；directions“方向”；views“观点”；ways“方面”.考点9. see sb. do/doing, see sth done.1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 解：答案为C .此题考查see sth. done结构，此结构中的sth.即题干中的plan,它作了定语从句中的先行词.此题只要把plan还原，就不难选出正确答案.考点10. die of ,die from.die of 常表示由于疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷、年老等内部原因而死；die from 则多表示除疾病或情感以外的原因而死.1. What did he die ? He died old age. A. of, from B. from, of C. from , from D. of, of 解：答案选D. die of 常表示由于疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷、年老等内部原因而死；die from 则多表示除疾病或情感以外的原因而死.根据答语中的old age 可知选die of 较好.考点11. be free of change表示“免费”. 1. You can take as many as you like because they are free of .A. fare B. charge C. money D. pay 解：答案选B. be free of charge 表示“免费”，charge 表示“收费”之意.考点12. mean doing/to do.mean to sth的意思是“打算做某事”；mean doing sth的意思是“意味着干某事”.1. Why havent you bought any butter ? I to but I forgot about it . A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected 解：答案选C. 本题难度较大，因为liked ,wished, meant 和expected 都可接动词不定式作宾语，但从句子的意思解，应选meant .这句话的意思是“我本打算去买，但我忘了”.考点13. sure，certain.（1）be sure of和be sure about.be sure of(表示“对.很确信/有把握”)和be sure about(表示“一定会干某事”)后面跟“连接词（疑问词、连词whether）+不定式”结构，意思是“确定”.例如：Im not sure whether to go to the party. 去不去参加聚会我还不能确定.（2）be certain.和of（有时用about）连用，后接名词或动名词（用about时不跟动名词），意思是“确信”，只能用人作主语.如：He was too certain of her coming to send for her. 他相信她肯定要来，所以没有打发人去请她.后接从句，意思是“确信，确定”，只能用人作主语.例如：Im certain (that) he saw me.我确信他看见了我.后面跟“连接词（疑问词、连词whether）+不定式”结构，意思是“确定”，只能用人作主语. 例如：They were not certain whether to go or not. 他们不能确定该不该去.表示“（某人做某事）肯定无疑的”时，要用It is certain that 句型（该句型中不能用sure, It is certain for sb. to do sth. 这样的用法是错误的.）例如：It is certain that your team will win. 你们队肯定会赢.注意这一句型可以转换为：Your team is certain to win. / Your team will certainly win. 1. Wait till you are more .Its better to be sure than sorry. A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certain 解：答案选D.本题考查形容词的意义辨析.从下句的Its better to be sure than sorry. 可以判断，此处应选certain,，句意为“等到你更确信，弄确定（不出错）比（没弄确定而出错）向别人道歉更好些”.其他选项不合句意.2. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster if a mirror was broken. A. was sure of striking B. was sure of having struck C. was sure to be struck D. was sure to strike 解：答案选D. be sure of doing 表示“对.很确信/有把握”；而be sure to do表示“一定会干某事”；而strike可作为不及物动词使用，表示“降临”，本句意思为：“过去许多人相信如果镜子了，灾难一定会降临”.考点14. spare.share表示“共享；共用”；spend“花费；度过”，save“节省；储蓄”；spare“抽出”.1. The manager said he could the office- lady a few minutes to talk about her programme. A. share B. spend C. save D. spare 解：答案选D. 本题考查动词的意义辨析.share表示“共享；共用”；spend“花费；度过”，save“节省；储蓄”；spare“抽出”.根据句子的意思应选spare“抽出”.考点15. live，lively，living，alive. live做形容词时，表示“现场的；活着的”，可以做前置定语；lively 表示“生动的，活泼的”，可以做定语、表语或宾补；liv