七年级下册英语语法点总结.doc

七年级下册英语语法点总结(3)Unit 9 How was your weekend一短语1. play +运动play soccerplay tennisplay sportsplaythe + 乐器play the guitarplay with和某人物玩耍2have +三餐have breakfast lunch supper3. study forclean the roomvisit sbstay at homehave a partytalk show4go to the beachgo to the moviesgo for a walkgo to the mountains5go shoppingdo some shopping go to the shop买东西6last weekendover the weekend 上周末onweekends每周末7on +某日morningafternooneveningin + morningafternooneveningin+年月季节at +时刻last (next)monthyearweek8what aboutnv-ingpren=how about 呢9.spend the weekend last week度过上周的周末10its time to do sthits time for sth该做么的时候了11look for寻找二，重点句型和语法1一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与过去的时间状语连用:yesterday ,last week(month,year)（1）系动词be的过去时: am(is) was, are were陈述句：He was at home yesterday.否定句：He wasnt at home yesterday.疑问句：Was he at home yesterday?Yes ,he was./No ,he wasnt.（2）行为动词的一般过去时:陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其它I go to the movie. I went to the movie.否定句：主语+助动词didnt+动词原形+其它I dont go to school today. I didnt go to school.一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其它Do you have breakfast? Did you have breakfast?Yes,I do./No,I dont.Yes,I did./No,I didnt.（3）规则动词的过去式变化规则变化规则例词一般在词尾加ed.playplayed以不发音的e结尾的，只加-d.like likedlove loved以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变y为i ,再加ed.study studiedcarry carried以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstop stoppedplan planned动词不规则变化：do didhave hadgo wentsee sawread readget gotgive gavesleep slepteat atewrite wrotefind_-found2.whats the date today? Its 3.What was the date yesterday? It was4.Whats the weather like today?Its ?5.How was your weekend?6What did she do ? She did her homework7What did he do last weekend ? He played soccer8Its time to go home= Its time for homeUnit 10 Where did you go on vacation?一短语1.go on vacationgo to summer campstay at homestudy for examsCentral Parkshow sth to sb.help him find his fatherwalk back togo shoppingthe Palace Museumthink ofhave fun doing sth.bus tripthe Great WallTianan Men Square.a Beijing Hutongmake sb do sth.decide to do sthall day二重点句子和注意事项1Where did you go on vacation?I went to summer camp.Where did they go on vacation?They went to New York City.Where did he go on vacation?He stayed at home.Where did she go on vacation?She visited her uncle.2Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park?Yes, I/he/she/they did.No, I/he/she/they didnt.3How werethe movies? They were fantastic4have fun doing something干某事有乐趣enjoy oneself doing somethingWe have fun learning and speaking English .We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English .我们学英语有很多乐趣5find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在干某事find sb. do sth. 发现某人干过某事I find him reading the novel (小说）.I found him go into the room .6corner角落，角，拐角处in the corner 在角落里（指在建筑物里面）at the corner 在拐角处（指在建筑物外面或道路的拐角）My bike is at the corner .7be lost 迷路了get lost , lost (adj.)The girl was lost in the big city .8help sb. (to) do sth.help sb for sth帮助某人干某事He always helps us learn English9.make sb. do sth. 让使某人干某事let / have sb. do sth.do前不带toThe movie makes me relaxing.Let the boy do his homework alone.10.feel+ adj. 感到I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited11.decide to do sth. 决定干某事They decided to go to Hainan on vacation.Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?一词组1TV shows（电视节目）soap opera sitcom a comedy an action movie a documentarya thriller cartoonBeijing OperaAnimal WorldTell it like it isLaw Todaygame showCCTV NewsNews in 30 MinutesMan and NatureChinese CookingAround Chinatalk show Lucky 52Sports newssports show Culture China2 write an article for the school magazine.给学校杂志写一篇文章3 a thirteen - year - old boy.一个十三岁的男孩4 wear colorful clothes.穿着颜色鲜艳的衣服5 interview sb. 采访某人in fact. 实际上6. wear scarves. 戴着围巾think of 想起，考虑到二重点句型1. What do you think of soap operas? I cant stand them.2. What do you think of sports shows? I dont mind them.3. What does she think of Hilltop High? She doesnt like it.4. What does Tony think of Tommy? He likes him.5. What do they think of Amanda? They love her.三重难点解析1. wear (v. 动词) 穿，戴，佩。根据不同宾语，翻译不同的汉语意思。wear earrings 戴耳环 wear a dress 穿连衣裙wear a watch 戴手表wear a beard 蓄胡子wear long hair 留长发2. think 想，考虑，思索（v. 动词）可以和许多介词搭配，组成新的意思。A：think of 考虑；有.的看法，有时等于think about.What does he think of Beijing Opera?他对京剧有什么看法？My mother always thinks of everything!我妈妈总是想到所有的东西。think highly of sb. /sth. 对某人或某物评价甚高Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布莱克先生对他儿子评价甚高。B：think about 考虑（指计划，观念，看它是否相宜、可行）He is thinking about going to China.他正在考虑去中国。3. too与either的区别too也，表示肯定意义，与肯定的表达方法连用；而either也不，表示否定意义，与否定的表达方法连用。（1）My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜欢踢足球。I do, too.我也是（喜欢）。（2）My brother doesnt like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜欢踢足球。I dont, either.我也不喜欢。also也可以表示也，但一般情况下，too和either放在句子之后，also放在动词之前。We also love talk shows.我们也喜欢访谈节目。4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一个十三岁的男孩此结构中，year用单数形式，且用连字符，这种结构用作定语。a five - month - old baby 一个五个月大的婴儿5.enjoy (v. 喜爱，享受)enjoy后面接名词、代词或动名词，注意与like/ love用法的区别。like/ love还可以接动词不定式（to do）。I enjoy the soap operas.我喜爱肥皂剧。I enjoy watching the soap operas.我喜爱看肥皂剧。但我们不能说：I enjoy to watch the soap operas.只能说：I like / love to watch the soap operas.6. mind 表示介意，反对的意思时，通常用在疑问句、否定句中。Would you mind opening the window?请你打开窗子好不好？He doesnt mind the cold weather at all.他一点都不在乎寒冷的天气。多用于以下句型：（表示请求或征求意见）后接动名词/名词/代词。Would you mind (doing) .?Do you mind (doing) .?7. stand 表示忍受（多用于否定句、疑问句）He cant stand the hot weather.他忍受不了炎热的天气。Can you stand the pain?你忍受得了疼吗？9. What do you think of .? 你认为.怎么样？（谈论对某事物的喜好程度）可选择的回答有：（1）I like it.（2）I dont mind it.（3）I dont like it.（4）I cant stand it.（5）I like it very much.（6）I love it.（7）Its beautiful.（8）Theyre fantasticUnit 12 Dont eat in class.一短语1. in class在课上2. on school nights 在上学的晚上3. school rules校规4. no talking禁止交谈5. listen to music听音乐6. have to不得不7. take my dog for a walk带狗去散步8. eat outside在外面吃饭 9. in the hallway在走廊上10. wear a uniform穿制服11. arrive late for class上学迟到12. after school放学后17. be in bed在床上13. practice the guitar练习弹吉它14. in the cafeteria在自助食堂里 15. meet my friends和我朋友见面16. by ten oclock.十点之前18. the Childrens Palace少年宫19. help my mom make dinner帮助我妈做饭二重点句型1.Dont arrive late for schoolDont be late for school2.Dont fight 3.Dont listen to music in the classroom.4.Dont run in the hallways5.Dont smoke. Its bad for your health.6.Dont play cards in school7.Dont talk in class8.Dont watch TV on school nights.9.Dontsleepinclass.10.Dontplaysportsinthe classrooms.11.Dont sing songs at night.12.Dont talk when you eat.13.Dont wear hats in class.14.Dohomework by 10:00.15.Clean your house!16.Make the bed.17.Can we ?Yes ,we can.No, we cant.Eg:Can we arrive late for class ?No, we cant. We cant arrive late for class.18.Do you have to wash your clothes?Yes, I do./No, I dont.三 重难点解析：1. 情态动词have to 的用法，意思是必须、不得不，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。（1）结构：主语have to动词原形其他（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；句子是过去时，用had to.）如：We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5点起床。（2）否定形式：主语dont have to动词原形其他（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesnt have to. 句子是过去时，用didnt have to）如：Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didnt have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。（3）疑问句：Do （Does或Did）主语have to 动词原形其他如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗？Yes, I do. / No, I dont.是的，我必须。不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚，他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？2. 情态动词can的用法（1）表示能力，会能（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。（2）表示允许、许可，可以、能（在这一课中新学的词义）Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗？注意 同样是情态动词，can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中，直接在can后加上not，在疑问句中，把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。3. hear，listen和sound都有听的意思，但三者是有区别的。（1）hear听说，侧重于听的内容Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了，我很难过。I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。（2）listen听侧重于听这一动作。Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。The