高中英语 module 3 the violence of nature section ⅲ grammar 过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语教学案 外研版必修3

Module 3 The Violence of Nature Section Grammar 过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语语法图解探究发现By the time it ended, more than 700 people had been killed and 2,700 had been injured.By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.Coghlan traveled back to Canada after he had been buried in Texas!She says, “Tom was very kind.”She says that Tom was very kind.He asked, “Will you go to the party？”He asked whether/if I would go to the party.She asked me, “When do they have their dinner？”She asked me when they had their dinner.The teacher said，“About 70% of the earths surface is covered with water.”The teacher said that about 70% of the earths surface is covered with water.我的发现(1)句采用了过去完成时，其构成形式为：主语had_done。(2)句采用了过去完成时的被动语态，其构成形式为：主语had_been_done。(3)句均为直接引语变间接引语的句子，在变间接引语时，人称、时态、语序等方面都要做相应的变化。(4)由句可知，若直接引语为客观真理，变间接引语时，时态不变。一、过去完成时的被动语态1概念：过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成，且主语与谓语动词存在被动关系。2构成(1)肯定结构：主语had been done(2)否定结构：主语had not been done(3)疑问句结构：3用法(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought, found等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。He heard that the tickets had already been sold out.他听说票已售完。The newspaper reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the hurricane.报纸报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。即时演练1完成句子She told me that she had_been_dismissed by her boss.她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇(dismiss)了。He said (that) he had_never_been_shown_around Paris.他说从来没有人领他参观过巴黎。(2)before, when, by the time, until, after, once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及by, before后面接过去的时间时，主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time she was 13, my sister had been sent to America.我姐姐13岁前就已经被送到美国了。200 cars had been produced by the end of last year.到去年年底，已经生产了200辆汽车。(3) It was the first/second . time that .句中that引导的定语从句中，主语与谓语构成动宾关系时，要用过去完成时的被动的语态。It was the third time that he had been beaten black and blue.那是他第三次被打得青一块紫一块的。(4)在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去事实相反，且主语与谓语构成动宾关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone there.如果早点儿邀请我的话，我就去那儿了。即时演练2(1)用所给词的适当形式填空By the end of last year, 10,000 trees had_been_planted (plant) in that village.His village had_been_flooded (flood) in the heavy rain, so he moved to his parents house. He found that his wallet had_been_stolen (steal) on the bus.It was the second time that Tom had_been_punished (punish) so seriously.(2)完成句子His newly written novel had_been_translated_into_English by the end of last month. 上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。Her homework had_not_been_finished when I got home. 我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。How many buildings had_been_destroyed when the hurricane ended?飓风结束的时候，有多少建筑物被毁坏了？二、间接引语1基本概念直接引语表示直接引用别人的原话，通常都用引号括起来。间接引语表示用自己的话把别人的话转述出来。间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。2句式的转换(1)陈述句的转换(2)一般疑问句的转换(3)特殊疑问句的转换(4)选择疑问句的转换用whether . or .表达，而不用if . or .也不用either . or .。He asked，“Do you speak English or French？”He asked me whether I spoke English or French.(5)祈使句的转换He said, “Do it now and dont put it off until tomorrow.”He told me to do it then and not to put it off until the next day.名师点津由直接引语转变为间接引语，下列情况时态不变：不变的真理；经常的习惯；历史事件；部分情态动词，如must, ought to, had better等。即时演练3句型转换“I like reading adventure stories，” said John. John said (that)_he_liked reading adventure stories. You have finished the homework, havent you？”my mother asked. My mother asked me whether_I_had_finished the homework. “Do you go to school by bus or by bike？”， he asked me.He asked me whether_I_went_to_school by bus or by bike. She asked John，“Where are you going for your summer holiday？” She asked John where_he_was_going for his summer holiday. Dont make any noise，” she said to the children. She told the_children_not_to_make any noise. He said, “Lets go to the film.” He suggested going_to_the_film. He suggested that they_should_go_to_see the film. .单句语法填空1(2015北京高考改编)I truly believe that beauty comes from within.2(2015福建高考改编)I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years. By working out every day. 3(2015湖南高考改编)You have to know where youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 4(2015四川高考改编)The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.5If it had_been_repaired (repair) earlier, the printing machine would not have broken down. 6At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement had_been_reached (reach). 7By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had_been_completed (complete) in Beijing. 8Experiments of this kind had_been_conducted (conduct) in both the US. and Europe long before the Second World War.9John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it had_been_damaged (damage) seriously. 10George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?No, I hadnt_been_invited (not invite). Did they have a big wedding? .完成句子1(2015广东高考写作)Confronted with the misbehavior of her new class, Sally worked out 10 rules and asked the_students_to_follow_them. 面对她的新班级学生的不礼貌行为，Sally制定出十条规定并且让学生遵守。2(2014重庆高考写作)With the gift, he included a letter, in which he told me that_he_had_made the paper cutting himself. 礼物中包括一封信，信中告诉我他自己做的剪纸。3(2014湖北高考短文写作)Sensing my state of puzzlement, my teacher told me that_by_just_focusing_my_attention_on_small_things,_I can make a big difference. 觉察到我的迷惑，我的老师让我把注意力只集中在小东西上，我会有所作为。4Miss Wu asked Tom why_he_hadnt_turned_off the light when he left. 吴老师问汤姆为什么走的时候不关灯。5Yesterday our teacher told us that light_travels_much_faster_than_sound. 昨天老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快得多。6This job proved to be much more difficult than the one I had_been_offered before.这项工作被证明比以前我做的工作要难得多。7She told me that she_had_lived_there five years before. 她告诉我她5年前在那儿住过。8Book 3 had_been_finished_learning till last week. 第三册直到上周才学完。.短文改错All of us know the old saying “Practice make perfect.” It tells us unless we want to realize our aim, we should practice, and one day we will make it. Its easy to understand. Once I wanted to