2019届高三英语上学期期中试卷带完整答案

2019届高三英语上学期期中试卷带完整答案本试卷分第卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分。满分120分，考试时间120分钟。第卷(选择题共85分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。()1. What is Bob most probably doing?A. Watching a game. B. Playing basketball. C. Fishing.()2. When will the speakers meet?A. By 5：00. B. By 4：30. C. By 2：30.()3. What color is the Tshirt the man likes?A. Green and white. B. Gray and black. C. Gray and white.()4. Why was the woman annoyed?A. Because the film was too long. B. Because the seats were uncomfortable.C. Because the people behind were too noisy.()5. How does Mary feel today?A. Nervous. B. Sad. C. Happy.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。()6. What does the woman do?A. A chemist. B. A train driver. C. A nurse.()7. What does the woman think of her work?A. Dangerous. B. Rewarding. C. Demanding.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。()8. Where are the speakers?A. In Berlin. B. In Manchester. C. In Rome.()9. Why is the woman asking the man for help?A. Because she mistook the flight. B. Because she left her clothes in a hotel.C. Because she couldnt find her luggage.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。()10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Fellow workers. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister.()11. What will the woman do this weekend?A. Go sightseeing. B. Have a barbecue. C. Stay at home.()12. What will the mans family celebrate?A. The birth of a baby. B. A wedding. C. A birthday.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。()13. Where does the man most probably work?A. In a zoo. B. In a radio station. C. In an advertisement company.()14. What does the woman say about the zoo?A. It serves too many tourists. B. It should be closed. C. It is badly run.()15. What advice will the man probably take?A. Ask a company for help. B. Advertise the zoo in the newspaper.C. Find another place to keep animals.()16. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. How to manage a zoo well. B. How to raise money for a zoo.C. How to protect endangered animals.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。()17. When did people begin to take part in adventure racing in large numbers?A. About 100 years ago. B. In the late 1970s. C. In the early 1990s.()18. What makes an adventure race more challenging?A. The combination with different activities. B. The area it goes through.C. The long distance.()19. How long does it take to do the South Island race?A. One day. B. Three days. C. Ten days.()20. Whats the most difficult in long races according to the speaker?A. Staying awake. B. Saving food and drinks.C. Carrying all the needed things.第二部分：英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。()21. Effective weight management requires a longterm _ in order to lose weight for good.A. establishment B. commitment C. tournament D. assessment()22. China will _ cooperation with countries and regions participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.A. approve B. justify C. enhance D. tighten()23. Fishing in shallow water in autumn, _ the water temperature is relatively high, does make sense.A. when B. which C. as D. where()24. The society can remain good as long as we are willing to fight for itand to fight against whatever imperfections _ exist.A. shall B. may C. should D. would()25. As the population of the world is growing at the disturbing rate of 10，000 people an hour, nature is beginning to _ us.A. turn against B. turn up C. turn off D. turn around()26. While John Snow attended Queen Victoria, he also thought about helping ordinary people _ to cholera.A. exposing B. being exposed C. exposed D. having exposed()27. People spend half their time dreaming of getting rich, and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they _ if they got rich.A. will do B. did C. do D. would do()28. A young researcher is reported to have died of heart attack, aged only 30. _ I wonder how his family could stand the thought of losing him.A. How so? B. Forget it. C. Take it easy. D. Really a pity.()29. Tea is the main evening meal, traditionally eaten at 5 oclock in the evening, _ the diners are not drinking tea.A. even if B. in case C. as though D. so that()30. The pollution is likely to reach its peak on Monday, and some parts _ heavy air pollution, the environmental watchdog told the newspaper.A. see B. will see C. would see D. saw()31. Throughout its early years, what we now call hip hop _ without even having a name.A. evolved B. is evolved C. had evolved D. evolves()32. Stephen Hawkings crowning achievement was his prediction in the 1970s _ black holes can emit energy, despite the classical view that nothing can escape their gravity.A. when B. what C. how D. that()33. Ding Yanyuhang took part in a training session _ the NBA China game in Shenzhen.A. in accordance with B. in preparation forC. in preference to D. in association with()34. It might be early to talk about potential _ colors for next summer when we have just entered autumn, but the fashion world cant wait that long.A. trendy B. worthy C. hearty D. touchy()35. He spent little money in repairing the roof. Now the rain has ruined half his furniture. _. This is a plain example.A. A penny saved is a penny gained B. Many a little makes a mickleC. Penny wise and pound foolish D. From saving comes having第二节： 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。I just finished reading Rachel Held Evans book AYearofBiblicalWomanhood. There was one particular part of the book that really made me think.She did a bit of _36_ and found that the majority of the worlds cocoa beans come from West Africa where there are _37_ working conditions and child slavery. And the children get there by _38_， and once there, they are often _39_ treated. She came to an important _40_， “The coffeeandchocolate experiment forced me to find an _41_ fact to which I think most Americans can _42_： I had absolutely no idea where the majority of my food came from.”Well, that was going to be a(n) _43_ for me. I have supplies of _44_ to eat. Mike knows to stop on his way from work if I am nearing the _45_. Often he buys me bags of chocolate chips. I _46_ chocolate in other rooms so I dont have to _47_ with my kids. And now I am finding out that the money I spend on my _48_ is actually paying for something I am _49_ to.I will have to make a _50_. I will have to be more _51_ of where my chocolate comes from (as well as look into other foods and goods I consume). _52_， I live within walking distance from a fair trade shop that has a large and delicious _53_. So far, Divine Milk Chocolate made in the USA is my _54_ choice.And, maybe it costs a bit more money, and that means I have to _55_. But, as it has been said, “When you know better, you do better.”()36. A. research B. explanation C. revision D. prediction()37. A. favorable B. permanent C. terrible D. impressive()38. A. boycotting B. informing C. appealing D. kidnapping()39. A. equally B. badly C. formally D. warmly()40. A. agreement B. approval C. conclusion D. definition()41. A. unsuitable B. unforgettable C. unchangeable D. uncomfortable()42. A. relate B. contribute C. report D. reply()43. A. notice B. problem C. failure D. threat()44. A. chocolate B. milk C. bread D. fish()45. A. day B. shop C. end D. job()46. A. pick B. check C. make D. sneak()47. A. quarrel B. deal C. share D. reason()48. A. addiction B. recreation C. admiration D. collection()49. A. accustomed B. opposed C. devoted D. engaged()50. A. mess B. mistake C. change D. schedule()51. A. ashamed B. informed C. capable D. conscious()52. A. Luckily B. Actually C. Previously D. Certainly()53. A. element B. selection C. production D. adventure()54. A. former B. last C. first D. late()55. A. turn up B. pay off C. pay back D. cut back第三部分： 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFour Apps to Boost Your ProductivityWhen working or studying, you can only focus for so long before your mind starts to wander. The Pomodoro Technique(番茄工作法) helps you avoid this issue by breaking your day up into 25minute focus sessions followed by fiveminute breaks. Heres a quick dive into the Pomodoro Technique, followed by 4 of the best Pomodoro timer apps to help you get started. Focus Booster (Web, Windows, macOS，iOS, Android) It lets you adjust the lengths of your focus and break sessions. Your data syncs across Focus Boosters web, mobile, and desktop apps.PomoDoneApp (Web, Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android) It lets you filter your data with powerful reporting options. With its Chrome extension, you can blacklist certain websites during your focus period.Tomatoes (Web)If youre struggling to stick with the technique and need some additional motivation, Tomatoes offers a solution: motivation via competition.Get your coworkers involved, and compete against each other. It might even lead to useful data if one person in particular who works from home wins frequently.Timerdoro (Web)Sometimes, you need timers for more than just pomodoros. In that case, Timerdoro has a solution. It lets you create as many timers as you want to go off throughout the day. It reminds yourself to do multiple things throughout the workday.()56. We can learn from the passage that _A. Focus Booster helps users switch from focus to break sessions regularlyB. PomoDoneApp is ideal for motivating users to complete multitasksC. Tomatoes offers assistance to those who prefer to compete with othersD. Timerdoro creates as many timers as possible to blacklist some websites()57. Which of the following timer apps can show the advantage of coworkers competing with each other?A. Focus Booster. B. PomoDoneApp. C. Tomatoes. D. Timerdoro.BBefore 1815 producing in the United States had been done in homes or shops by skilled artisans(工匠). As master craft workers, they passed on the knowledge of their trades to apprentices and journeymen. In addition, women often worked in their homes parttime, making finished articles from raw material supplied by merchant capitalists. After 1815 this older form of producing began to give way to factories with machinery tended by unskilled or semiskilled laborers. Cheap transportation networks, the rise of cities, and the availability of capital and credit all stimulated(刺激) the shift to factory production.The factory changed that. Goods produced by factories were not as finished or elegant as those done by hand, and pride in craftsmanship(工艺) gave way to the pressure to increase rates of productivity. The new methods of doing business involved a new and stricter sense of time. Factory life necessitated a more rigid schedule, where work began at the sound of a bell and workers kept machines going at a constant pace.The first generation to experience these changes did not adopt the new attitudes easily. The factory clock became the symbol of the new work rules. One mill worker who finally quit complained revealingly about “obedience(服从) to the dingdong of the belljust as though we are so many living machines”. With the loss of personal freedom also came the loss of standing in the community.In this newly appearing economic order, workers sometimes organized to protect their rights and traditional ways of life. Craft workers such as carpenters, printers, and tailors formed unions, and in 1834 individual unions came together in the National Trades Union. The labor movement made progress in the decade before the Panic of 1837, but in the depression that followed, labors strength collapsed. During hard times, few workers were willing to strike or engage in collective action. And skilled craft workers, who led the union movement, did not feel a particularly strong bond with semiskilled factory workers and unskilled laborers. More than a decade of agitation(抗议) did finally bring a workday shortened to 10 hours to most industries by the 1850s, and the courts also recognized workers right to strike, but these gains had little immediate impact.Workers were united in feeling angry or upset about the industrial system and their loss of status, but they were divided by ethnic and racial antagonisms(对立), gender, conflicting religious perspectives, occupational differences, political party loyalties, and disagreements over tactics(策略). For them, the factory and industrialism were not agents of opportunity but reminders of their loss of independence and a measure of control over their lives. As United States society became more specialized and differentiated, greater extremes of wealth began to appear. And as the new markets created fortunes for the few, the factory system lowered the wages of workers by dividing labor into smaller and less skilled tasks.()58. What can be inferred from the passage about articles produced before 1815?A. They were primarily produced by women.B. They were generally produced in shops rather than in homes.C. They were produced mostly in large cities with large transportation networks.D. They were produced with more concern for quality than for speed of production.()59. What does the complaint from a mill worker in Paragraph 3 convey?A. Clocks did not have a useful function in factories.B. It was difficult for workers to adjust to working in factories.C. Factories were most successful when workers revealed their complaints.D. Workers sometimes quit because of the loud noise made by factory machinery.()60. The author identifies political party loyalties, and disagreements over tactics as two of several factors that _A. created divisions among workersB. caused work to become more specializedC. encouraged workers to demand higher wagesD. increased workers complaint of the industrial systemCChemists have sped up evolution, harnessing a process that can take millions of years in the natural world and using itin months or weeksto make unusual molecules that today are used for everything from “green” biofuels(生物燃料) to cancer drugs. Today that speed and efficiency was rewarded with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.Frances H. Arnold won half of the 2018 prize for directing evolution in a test tube, speeding up the natural selection of the most productive enzymes(酶) to drive chemical reactions. The other half of the prize went to George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter.All three scientists took Charles Darwins idea of natural selection, in which molecules(分子) or organisms accumulate mutations(突变) in a slow, random process, and figured out ways to identify and select specific mutations that improve the ability of molecules such as proteins and enzymes. By picking and choosing enzymes with improved abilities and repeatedly refining them, Arnold ended up with one that performed 256 times better than the original.“This was a revolution based on evolution，” says Claes Gustafsson, a member of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry. “Now you can use these enzymes to speed up reaction and to replace poisonous chemicals.”Arnold began her line of research in the early 1990s. In a speech several years ago she said the notion of improving on the natural course of evolution was an idea that needed to come from an outsider. “Twentyfive years ago it was considered the lunatic fringe(狂热者，极端分子)，” Arnold said in 2014. “Scientists didnt do that. Gentlemen didnt do that. But_since_Im_an_engineer_and_not_a_gentleman._I_had_no_problem_with_that.”Smiths research, begun in the 1980s，used a bacteriophage(噬菌体). Genes code for proteins, and Smith got his phages to display those proteins on their outer coats. He then used antibodies to fish out the proteins he was interested in. This process is called phage display. The ability to select specific proteins, cycle their genes back through the phage, and again fish out the best ones sped up natural selection.Winter put the genes for antibodies inside phages，got the phages to produce antibodies on their coats, and used a small molecule to fish out only antibodies that had a particular kind of binding site(结合部位), so Winter had developed a way of producing highly efficient antibodies in a short period of time. Because of this, Claes says, “Now we can use antibody drugs with greater efficiency and fewer side effects.” Of the 15 mostsold drugs on the planet, she says, 11 are now made by processes based on this method.()61. Why does the Nobel Prize in Chemistry go to Frances H. Arnold?A. She followed Charles Darwins idea of natural selection.B. She found ways to use viruses to produce powerful proteins.C. She developed a way of producing highly efficient antibodies.D. She directed evolution and accelerated the natural selection of enzymes.()62. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 imply?A. She was regarded as a lunatic fringe.B. She dared to break through conventional idea.C. She took advantage of her gender(性别)D. She was supported by other scientists.()63. What attitude does Claes Gustafsson hold towards the use of antibody drugs?A. Critical. B. Ambiguous. C. Casual. D. Favorable.()64. Whats the best title for the passage?A. Revolution in Evolution Wins 2018 Nobel Prize in ChemistryB. Three Scientists Speeding up the Natural