语言学习题1[3页]

1、Chapter oneMultiple Choice1. _, Father of modern linguistics, is known for his Course in General Linguistics.A. SassureB. ChomskyC. LeechD. Firth2. The traditional grammar rules like You should never use a double-negative are technically known as _.A. descriptiveB. prescriptiveC. connotativeD. denot

2、ative3. The fact that human beings use languages to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication is referred to _ of language.A. displacementB. metalanguageC. dualityD. arbitrariness4. Which of the following pairs was proposed by Cho

3、msky?A. langue and paroleB. etic and emicC. synchronic and diachronicD. competence and performance 5. Macrolinguistics includes all the branches EXCEPT _.A. sociolinguisticsB. psycholinguisticsC. pragmaticsD. computational linguistics6. The functions of language DOES NOT consist of _.A. informative

4、B. emotiveC. performativeD. prescriptive7. The fact that the forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning is technically known as _.A. dualityB. arbitrarinessC. creativityD. displacement 8. _ made the important distinction between langue and parole.A. Saussure B. Malinowsk

5、yC. HallidayD. Chomsky9. What kind of function does the sentence “How do you do?” have?A. Informative B. EmotiveC. Recreational D Phatic communion10. As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for correct linguistic behavior, it is

6、said to be _.A. prescriptiveB. sociolinguisticC. psycholinguisticD descriptive11. The term _ may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language changes over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronic linguisticsB. comparative linguisticsC. diachro

7、nic linguisticsD. applied linguistics12.The Chinese phrase “茶，上茶，上好茶；坐，请坐，请上座” is an example of _ of human language.A. phatic communion B. emotive functionC. interpersonal functionD. metalingual function13. Which of the following is the major role played by human language?A. Emotive.B. Interpersonal

8、.C. Performative.D. Informative.14. Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called_. A. displacementB. dualityC. flexibilityD. cultural transmission15. Unlike animal communication systems, human language is .A. stimulus free B.

9、stimulus bound C. under immediate stimulus control D. stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest16. The function of the sentence “Water boils at 100 degree Centigrade” is . A. interrogative B. directive C. informative D. performative17. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used fo

10、r human _.A.contact B.communication C.relation D.community18. _ does not study meaning in isolation, but in context.A.Pragmatics B.Semantics C.Sense relation D.Concept19. _ is the first and foremost striking feature of human language.A. Duality B. Arbitrariness C. Creativity D. Displacement20. Sauss

11、ure took a (n)_ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a _ point of view. A.sociologicalpsychologicalB.applied pragmaticC.psychologicalsociologicalD. semantic linguistic 21. Modern linguistics regards the written language as _. A. primaryB. correct C. secondaryD. stable 22. Language

12、is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _ and meanings. A. senseB. sounds C. objectsD. ideas 23. The fact that different languages have different words for the same object is good proof that human language is_. A. arbitrary B. non-arbitrary C. logical D. non-productive

13、24. In modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writing, because _. A. in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing B. speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed. C. speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires h

14、is mother tongue D. All of the above 25. According to F. de Saussure, _ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. A. parole B. performance C. langue D. Language 26. “I can refer to Confucius even though he was dead 2,000 years ago.” This shows that lan

15、guage has the design feature of _ _. A. arbitrariness B. creativity C. duality D. displacement27. “Dont end a sentence with a preposition.” This is an example of _ rules. A. prescriptive B. descriptive C. transformational D. functional28. In Chinese when someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or

16、the people present are likely to say sui sui ping an ( every year be safe and happy), what the function of this idiom among the functions of language? A. Informative B. Interpersonal C. Performative D. PhaticFill in each blank below with one word which begins with the letter given:1. Language exists

17、 in time and changes through time. The description of a language at some point of time is called a s_ study of language.2. L_ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application of the rules.

18、3. In modern linguistics, s_ study seems to enjoy priority over d_ study. The reason is that successful studies of various states of a language would be the foundations of a historical study.4. Chomsky defines “competence “as the ideal users k_ of the rules of his language. 5. D_ is one of the desig

19、n features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units. 6. Language is a system of a_ vocal symbols used for human communication. 7. The discipline that studies the rules

20、governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s_. 8. P _ refers to the realization of langue in actual use. 9. Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the settlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a

21、_ linguistics.10. Language is p_ in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before.11. Linguistics is generally defined as the s _ study

22、 of language.12. “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet”. This famous quotation from Shakespeare illustrates that language has the design feature of .13. Hallidays metafunctions include .Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement.1. According to Chomsky, compe

23、tence instead of performance should be studied in linguistics.2. Duality is a design feature of human language that enables speakers to talk about a wide range of things, free from barriers caused by separation in time and space.3. In the history of any language the writing system always came into b

24、eing before the spoken form.4. When language is used to get information from others, it serves an informative function.5. Descriptive linguists are concerned with how languages work, not with how they can be improved.6. Language is arbitrary by nature but it is not completely arbitrary.7. Linguistic

25、s is generally defined as the scientific study of language.8. Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.9. A scientific study of language is based on what the linguist thinks. 10. We use the word “word” to talk about a word, we can talk about “talk”, we can think about “think

26、ing”, this shows that language has a metalingual function.11. Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaningful sentences. 12. The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called morphology. 13. Syntax is different from morphology in that the former not on

27、ly studies the morphemes, but also the combination of morphemes into words and words into sentences. 14. The study of meaning in language is known as semantics. 15. Both semantics and pragmatics study meanings. 16. Pragmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isol

28、ation, but in context. 17. Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society. 18. Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive. 19. Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.20. A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time. 21 Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the oral language. 22. The distinction between competence and