捷进英语B2U6

1、,6,In My Mind,Task 1,What are the important moments in your life? Read the following timeline and mark them on it. Some examples have already been given.,Task 2,Describe your moments in Task 1 to your partner with complete sentences.,Possible answers My 16th birthday party was the best. I got a moto

2、rbike! I dont really remember my first day at school. I was excited but nervous to leave school for college.,Using examples (恰当使用实例) 有些科学类文章读起来会略显枯燥乏味， 晦涩难懂。若适当使用实例， 尤其是贴近读者日常生活的实例， 可以使原本枯燥、专业性强、难 理解的文章更具可读性， 更有趣， 也更易理解， 从而起到很好的科普效果。,Task 1,Match the ideas to the examples. Then read the text and che

3、ck your answers.,1 But even in adulthood, links are made between smells and memories. 2 Doing things for the first time leaves a strong memory. 3 Songs that stay in your head are known as “earworms”.,a Remember your first day of school or a new job? b You heard a song on your way to campus, and you

4、found it hard to get rid of it for the rest of the day. c You might make a connection between a perfume and a friend or lover, or the smell of a certain food may take you back to the first time you ate it.,Sense and Memory,译文,Have you ever had these experiences? You are walking around campus and sud

5、denly a familiar smell reminds you of your grandmother and you feel homesick. As you get older, you feel like the day goes really quickly. A song you hear when getting ready for lectures then stays in your head all day.,你有过这些经历吗？ 你正在校园里散步，突然一种熟悉的味道使你想起你的祖母，你开始想家了。 随着年龄的增长，你感到日子过得飞快。 你准备听讲座时听到一首歌，然后它

6、就整天在你耳边回响。 事实上，我们的感官和记忆之间的关系之密切远超过我们的想象。,Actually, our senses and memories are more connected than we think.,感官与记忆,Sense and Memory,译文,Smell Researchers have discovered that typically, a strong connection between smells, emotions and life experiences is formed before age 5. This is particularly true

7、 for smells that we dont smell every day. But even in adulthood, links are made between smells and memories. You might make a connection between a perfume and a friend or lover, or the smell of a certain food may take you back to the first time you ate it.,味道 研究者发现，味道、情感和生活经历之间的密切联系一般在5 岁前就形成了。这对于那些

8、我们不常闻到的味道来说尤其如此。 但即使进入成年，味道与记忆之间仍能建立联系。 你也许会把一种香水的味道与一个朋友或恋人联系起来，又或者某种食物的味道也许会让你想起第一次品尝它的场景。,Sense and Memory,译文,Time The reason time seems to go more quickly as we get older is that we repeat the same routines and experience the same events over and over. Doing things for the first time usually lea

9、ves a strong memory. Remember your first day of school or a new job? But as we repeat those events, strong memories arent created, and time goes quickly.,时间 随着年龄的增长， 时间似乎过得越来越快，这是因为我们日复一日地做着同样的事情，过着同样的生活。第一次做某件事情通常会给我们留下深刻的记忆。还记得你第一天上学或第一天上班吗？但一旦我们重复这些事情，便不会再产生深刻的记忆，时间也就过得快了。,Sense and Memory,译文,Sou

10、nd You heard a song on your way to campus, and you found it hard to get rid of it for the rest of the day. Songs that stay in your head all day are known as “earworms”. It was found in one study that nearly 92% of people have such an experience once a week or more. Earworms are started by many diffe

11、rent kinds of things, such as going back to the same place where you first heard a song. People also often listen to sad music when they are in a sad mood, and stressful situations often remind them of that song.,音乐 上学路上你听到一首歌，然后便发现接下来的一整天这首歌都挥之不去。一直萦绕耳边的音乐被称为“耳朵虫”。一项研究表明，近92% 的人一周会有一次或多次这种经历。“耳朵虫”可

12、由许多事情引起，例如回到第一次听到某首歌的地方。人们心情不好时常常会听忧伤的歌，而压力大的情况常常会令你想起那首歌。,Sense and Memory,译文,From the moment we are inside our mothers, we create memories of the sounds around usthe sounds of our mothers voice, the music she listened toall of these start to create a world we recognise and remember. Our memories a

13、rent just made up of events, people and places. The whole mind and body create our memories. From the happiest moments to the saddest moments of our lives, we will often connect them with the things we see, we smell and we hear.,从我们还在母亲肚子里开始，我们就对周围的声音形成记忆母亲说话的声音，她听的音乐所有这些开始构建起一个我们认知和记忆的世界。 我们的记忆不仅仅是

14、由事件、人物和地点构成的。整个身心一同来创建记忆。从人生中最快乐的时刻到最难过的时刻，我们常常会把记忆同我们所见、所闻和所听的事物联系起来。,New Words,Phrases and Expressions,familiar #homesick typically connection emotion particularly,#adulthood link #perfume certain repeat routine,remind sb of get ready for over and over get rid of be made up of,#earworm study mood

15、stressful recognise,familiar,e.g. Bethune is a familiar figure in the China. 在中国，白求恩是个家喻户晓的人物。,adj. 熟悉的；熟知的,Back to Vocabulary,homesick,e.g. Shes feeling a little homesick. 她有点想家。,adj. 想家的；思乡的,Back to Vocabulary,typically,e.g. Mothers typically worry about their children. 母亲总爱挂念自己的子女。,adv. 通常；一般；典型地

16、,Back to Vocabulary,connection,e.g. Scientists have established a connection between cholesterol levels and heart disease. 科学家已证实胆固醇含量与心脏病之间有关联。,n. 联系；关系,Back to Vocabulary,emotion,e.g. How do you manage your emotion? 你是怎样调整情绪的呢？,n. 情感；情绪,Back to Vocabulary,particularly,e.g. I particularly like wood

17、en furniture. 我特别喜欢木制家具。,adv. 尤其；特别,Back to Vocabulary,adulthood,e.g. Is there a clear cut-off point between childhood and adulthood? 童年与成年之间有明确的分界线吗？,n. 成人时期；成年,Back to Vocabulary,link,e.g. The study further strengthens the evidence linking smoking with early death. 这项研究进一步证实了吸烟与早逝之间的联系。,n. set up

18、(a temporary bed) 铺（床）；支起（临时 床） e.g. We made up the bed in the spare room for our guest. 我们在空着的房间里给客人支了张床。 invent something, especially in order to deceive someone 捏造 虚构某 事（尤指为欺骗某人） e.g. make up an excuse 编造借口 I couldnt remember a story to tell the children, so I made one up as I went along. 我想不出有什么

19、故事可给孩子讲了，只好现编现讲。,Task 1,Match the ideas to the examples. Then read the text and check your answers.,1 But even in adulthood, links are made between smells and memories. 2 Doing things for the first time leaves a strong memory. 3 Songs that stay in your head are known as “earworms”.,a Remember your f

20、irst day of school or a new job? b You heard a song on your way to campus, and you found it hard to get rid of it for the rest of the day. c You might make a connection between a perfume and a friend or lover, or the smell of a certain food may take you back to the first time you ate it.,c,a,b,Readi

21、ng and Understanding,Task 2,Read the text and match the two halves to complete the sentences.,1 People tend to listen to sad songs over and over again 2 Stressful situations will remind you of 3 Unusual smells will remind you of 4 The smell of food will 5 Repeated events will make you,a your early l

22、ife experience. b feel time passing quickly. c when they feel negative. d take you back to the first time you experienced it. e the sad music you heard last time when you felt sad.,c e a d b,Reading and Understanding,Task 3,Read the text and choose the best answer to the questions.,1 What might we c

23、onnect a perfume with? A A friend or lover. B Shopping. C Parents and other adults.,2 When do we mostly form our memories related to smells? A Adulthood. B Before the age of 5. C The first time we ate a food.,3 When do we start to create memories? A At the age of 5. B From the moment we are inside o

24、ur mothers belly. C When we start to see and smell.,4 What creates our memories? A The whole mind and body. B Our words. C Sights and smells only.,Reading and Understanding,Task 4,Complete the summary sentence for each section of the text.,remind us of certain life experience,strong memories,many di

25、fferent kinds of things,Reading and Understanding,Task 5,Write down one example for each situation according to your own experiences. Then tell a partner about your experiences.,1 A smell that reminds you of something The smell of fresh flower reminds me of visiting my grandparents. 2 The last time

26、it felt like time went quickly _ 3 The last song that became an earworm _,Last Saturday, time went quickly when I played football with my classmates.,The song Let It Go became an earworm for me the other day.,Vocabulary Focus,Task 1,Look at the three spider diagrams and complete them with words from

27、 the boxes. Think of any other words you can add to each spider diagram.,smell,taste,sight,sound,daily,habit,repeat,remember,events,history,Vocabulary Focus,Task 2,Complete the questions with words from the boxes.,1 What food reminds you of a happy _ such as a party or a wedding? 2 What habit puts y

28、ou in a good _? 3 What things do you associate with a difficult _? 4 What changes in your life have you found _? 5 Did your parents _ that your move to college was a big step?,event,mood,situation,stressful,recognise,Vocabulary Focus,Task 3,Find the phrases in the text and complete their explanation

29、s. The first one is already done for you.,repare,eal,epeat,ontinue,ame,onsist,Grammar Focus：Present Simple Passive and Past Simple Passive(一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态),Task 1,Read the grammar box and find examples of present simple passive and past simple passive in the text to complete the box.,Grammar Box Pa

30、ssive voice is usually used when the subject of the verb is unknown or not important. Present simple passive Senses are connected to ones memory. _ _ _ Past simple passive The first Stephen King book was rejected many times before it was accepted. _,一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态都是由系动词be+动词过去分词构成，两者缺一不可。其中，系动词be体

31、现时态，随时态的变化而变化，而动词过去分词因表示被动状态，不再进行词形变化。,(2) When we want to mention the subject of the verb, we use the expression started with by. The first Stephen King book was rejected many times before it was accepted by the publisher Doubleday. _,Answers,Task 2,Complete the sentences with the correct passive f

32、orms of the verbs in brackets.,1 Smells _(strongly, link) to early memories. 2 As events _ (repeat), the memories become weaker. 3 Our strongest memories _ (form) by new events. 4 The song Memory _ (write) for the musical Cats. 5 Memory _ (first, study) over 200 years ago. 6 The medicine _(develop)

33、to help people sleep better, but now it _ (use) by some people to improve memory. 7 The film Memento, which is about a lost memory, _(direct) by Christopher Nolan.,are strongly linked,are repeated,are formed,was written,was first studied,was developed,is used,was directed,Grammar Focus：Present Simpl

34、e Passive and Past Simple Passive(一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态),Task 3,Circle the correct forms to complete the passage.,The Internet has changed our lives and the way our brain (1) works / is worked. In a study called the Google Effect, it (2) says / is said that we are less likely to remember information when

35、 we know where to find it. According to one professor, we now dont try to remember information, we just (3) think / are thought about where to find it. In the study, participants (4) asked / were asked to take some tests. For example, they (5) gave / were given simple questions like “Do any countrie

36、s have only one colour on their flags?” Most people (6) thought / was thought about going online to search for the answer rather than searching for it in their memory. Though many of the Internets effects on memory (7) still unexplored / are still unexplored, it seems that now memories (8) stored /

37、are stored on the Internet. It is obvious that human memory is changing because of new communication technologies.,Grammar Focus：Present Simple Passive and Past Simple Passive(一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态),Beyond the Text,Task 1,Read the example and see how the game plays.,Beyond the Text,Task 2,Close the book

38、and repeat the clues in Task 1 in turns with your partner. How many clues can you remember?,Beyond the Text,Task 3,Work in small groups. Read each clue carefully and try to guess the answer. Whoever gets the answer with the least number of clues is the winner.,apple,Beyond the Text,Task 4,When you g

39、et the answer in Task 3, try to create several new clues for it with your partner.,What is it? Clue 1: _ Clue 2: _ Clue 3: _ ,It is the most widely eaten fruit in the world.,It is used to make cider (苹果酒).,William Tell shot this fruit on his sons head.,Beyond the Text,Task 5,Follow the example in Ta

40、sk 1 and make up your own game. Play it in small groups.,Answers,Model answers Which sport is it? Clue 1: It is a sport usually played between two or four players. Clue 2: The object of the game is to play the ball in such a way that the opponent is not able to hit a return of the ball. Clue 3: It i

41、s played usually on grass, clay or hard courts outdoors and occasionally indoors. Clue 4: The most important annual events related to this sport are the four Grand Slam Tournaments. Clue 5: Li Na is one of Chinas best female players of this sport. She won the Australian Open womens single champion i

42、n 2014. So the sport is: Tennis. What animal is it? Clue 1: It is a mammal. Clue 2: It uses sound for communication and object detection. The invention of sonar was inspired by its behaviour. Clue 3: It is killed for food in some parts of the world. The movie The Cove calls for protection of it. Clu

43、e 4: It lives in the sea, and it occasionally leaps above the water surface like an acrobat. Clue 5: It is regarded as the most intelligent animal in the sea. So the animal is: A dolphin.,Task 1,Think about what you would do to remember things before a test. Write them down and compare them with a p

44、artner.,Possible answers I practise ask and answer with a partner. I complete practice tests. I refer to my notes taken at class. I highlight details in my books.,Task 2,Compare your ideas in Task 1 with the tips in the text. Are any of them the same?,Dont Forget!,译文,切记！切记！ 有时候我们似乎会花很多时间尽力去记住一些事情，尤其

45、在上学的时候。我们每个人都有自己学习和记忆的方法，但（这些方法）绝不仅限于勤奋用功，或在课桌旁待多久。以下是一些非常规的提升记忆力的小技巧。 技巧一：保持健康 身体健康时记忆力也会提高。体育锻炼能增加输送给大脑的氧气，增强保护大脑的化学物质。睡眠也能帮助记忆。睡眠不足会影响你做事的能力，尤其是工作中需要的解决问题和批判思维的能力。,Sometimes it seems that we spend much of our lives trying to remember things, especially when we are at school or college. We all hav

46、e our own ways of studying and remembering things, but theyre not just about hard work and hours spent at our desks. Here are some unusual tips to make your memory better. Tip 1: Be Healthy Your ability to remember improves when you are healthy. Physical exercise increases the oxygen to the brain an

47、d strengthens chemicals that protect the brain. Sleep also helps you to remember things. Not getting enough sleep affects your ability to perform, especially if the work requires problem-solving and critical-thinking skills.,Dont Forget!,译文,Tip 2: Laugh with Friends Youve heard that laughter is the

48、best medicine, and that is true for the brain and memory as well as the body. Laughter uses many parts of the brain. Laughing at jokes or with friends can help people think more broadly. Tip 3: Dont Get Stressed Stress is one of the brains worst enemies. If you are stressed, it can affect your abili

49、ty to concentrate, make decisions and remember things. Meditation can reduce stress and help to improve concentration, creativity and learning.,技巧二：与好友开怀大笑 你一定听说过笑是一剂良药，它对大脑和记忆也有同样功效。笑可以动用大脑的很 多部位。讲笑话开怀，与朋友一起欢笑，这些都能帮助人们拓展思维。 技巧三：别有压力 压力是大脑最可怕的敌人之一。重压会影响人们集中专注、决策和记忆的能力。冥 想能够减轻压力，并有助于提高专注力、创造力和学习力。,Do

50、nt Forget!,译文,Tip 4: Eat Well Your diet is not only good for your body but also good for your mind. Omega-3 fatty acid, found in oily fish, some nuts and seeds, is great for your brain. While a high fat diet with lots of meat and cheese can have the opposite effect and damage your ability to concent

51、rate. Some studies also show that regularly drinking green tea can improve your memory. So dont forget that a good grade is not all about the hours with your books but also about how you live your life in general.,技巧四：好好吃饭 好的饮食不仅有利于身体健康，对大脑也颇有好处。常见于鱼油、一些坚果和种子里的-3 脂肪酸对大脑非常好。但含大量肉类和奶酪的高脂肪饮食则恰好相反，它们会破坏

52、你的专注力。一些研究还表明，定期喝绿茶能提高记忆力。 所以不要忘记，并不是花费在书本上的时间长就一定能取得好成绩，健康的生活方式也同样重要。,New Words,Phrases and Expressions,unusual physical oxygen strengthen chemical,in general,Proper Names,perform critical laughter broadly concentrate,#meditation creativity oily #nut #cheese,unusual,e.g. They have planted many area

53、s with rare and unusual plants. 他们在很多地方种上了稀有罕见的植物。,adj. 不寻常的；不一般的,Back to Vocabulary,physical,e.g.The physical benefits of exercise can be divided into three factors. 运动对身体的好处可以分为3个方面。,adj. 身体的；体力的,Back to Vocabulary,oxygen,e.g. The brain requires a constant supply of oxygen. 大脑需要持续供氧。,n. 氧；氧气,Back

54、to Vocabulary,strengthen,e.g. Yoga can be used to strengthen the immune system. 瑜伽能增强人体免疫系统。,v. 增强；加强；巩固,Back to Vocabulary,chemical,e.g. The chemical industry is easy to have pollution. 化学工业很容易产生污染。,n. 化学物质,Back to Vocabulary,perform,e.g. An engine has many parts, each performing a different functi

55、on. 一部发动机有很多部件，各自行使不同的功能。,v.表现；做；执行,Back to Vocabulary,critical,e.g. My boss is hyper-critical and mean. 我的老板吹毛求疵，刻薄无情。,adj. 批判性的,Back to Vocabulary,laughter,e.g. When he made a face, the others burst into laughter. 他做了个鬼脸，大家一阵大笑。,n. 笑声,Back to Vocabulary,broadly,e.g. We invest broadly to lessen the

56、 risk. 我们多方投资，以降低风险。,adv.全面地；广泛地,Back to Vocabulary,concentrate,e.g. I am leaving to concentrate on writing fiction. 我辞职是为了专心写小说。,v. 集中注意力；专心于,Back to Vocabulary,meditation,e.g. She is deep in meditation. 她陷入沉思中。,n.沉思；冥想,Back to Vocabulary,creativity,e.g. He is an artist with seemingly unlimited cre

57、ativity. 他是一位仿佛有着无限创造力的艺术家。,n. 创造性；创造力,Back to Vocabulary,oily,e.g. This cream cleanser is totally beneficial for oily skin. 这款洁面霜对油性皮肤有好处。,adj.含油的；油的,Back to Vocabulary,nut,e.g. The nut shell is very strong, I cant crack it. 坚果壳很硬, 我弄不开它。,n.坚果；干果,Back to Vocabulary,cheese,e.g. Cheese can be sprinkled on egg or vegetable dishes. 奶酪可以撒在鸡蛋或蔬菜做的菜肴上。,n.奶酪；干酪,Back to Vocabulary,in general,e.g. Residents in this area are poor and undereducated in general. 这个地区的居民们普遍贫穷，受教育程度低。,通